Effect of group reminiscence therapy on depression and perceived meaning of life of veterans diagnosed with dementia at veteran homes

ABSTRACT

Most senior veterans who live in veteran homes in Taiwan have few interpersonal relationships. Aging is often accompanied by solitude and illness, which causes senior veterans to doubt the meaning of life and to lose confidence in the value of life. This study tested the effectiveness of a group reminiscence therapy protocol on the depression and meaning of life among elderly institutionalized veterans. A quasi-experimental design was applied. A convenience sample of older adults was drawn from two veteran homes in southern Taiwan. Participants were assigned to intervention or control groups based on the veterans' homes they attended. The participants in the intervention group carried out group reminiscence therapy for 8 weeks in addition to their daily activities. The participants in the comparison group maintained their daily activities. Both groups were evaluated using the GDS-SF and MLS scale including two aspects of depression mood and meaning of life in weeks 1 and 8. The overall life satisfaction increased significantly over time for the intervention group compared to the comparison group from week 1 to week 8. The group reminiscence therapy programs showed promising effects in improving the depression and meaning of life of older veterans living in veteran homes.     

聪耳通窍汤联合耳针对老年神经性耳鸣近远期疗效观察

目的探讨聪耳通窍汤联合耳针治疗老年神经性耳鸣患者的近远期疗效。方法选取耳鼻喉科门诊收治的老年神经性耳鸣患者136例,按随机数字表法分组,对照组68例予以耳针治疗,研究组68例在对照组基础上予以聪耳通窍汤治疗。检测比较两组间近、远期临床疗效、甲襞微循环指标、血液流变学指标以及不良反应发生率。结果治疗后,对照组总有效率为67.64%(46/68)低于研究组总有效率83.82%(57/68),具有统计学意义(P<0.05);随访6个月后,对照组总有效率64.71%(44/68)低于研究组总有效率89.71%(61/68),具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与对照组比较,研究组治疗后甲襞微循环襻周积分、管襻积分、流态积分及总积分较低,治疗后血浆黏度、高切全血黏度、低切全血黏度及红细胞压积较低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗中出现的不良反应为恶心、腹胀、针刺部位疼痛,两组间不良反应发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论聪耳通窍汤联合耳针治疗老年神经性耳鸣患者的近远期疗效均较好,能明显改善患者微循环状态及血液流变学指标,减轻内耳循环障碍,具有较高安全性。     

下颌磨牙区即拔即种的临床疗效观察

目的 探究下颌磨牙区即拔即种的临床疗效。方法 选取2017年1月至2019年1月江门市口腔医院收治的60例需进行下颌磨牙区种植的患者随机分为A、B组,A组给予即拔即种,B组给予延期种植,比较两组留存率、浅蝶形骨吸收率、种植12个月后PIS指标及满意度进行评价。结果 随访12个月两组留存率均为100%,浅碟形骨吸收率A组前磨牙为16.67%、磨牙为22.22%,B组前磨牙为10.00%、磨牙为25.00%,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),A组植入30个种植体,60个牙间乳头,其中3度29个、2度24个、1度7个,B组植入30个种植体,60个牙间乳头,其中3度14个、2度24个、1度22个,A组牙间乳头PIS指标优于B组,且A组牙间乳头PIS评分(2.36±0.52)较B组(1.87±0.48)显著提高,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),A组对治疗效果满意率为93.33%较B组66.67%显著提高,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 对于下颌磨牙区缺牙患者可采取即拔即种的方法修复,缩短缺牙时间,促进咬合和咀嚼功能恢复,舒适且美观,提高患者的满意度,值得在临床上推广。     

白芷酒炖前后挥发性成分的HS-SPME-GC-MS分析

目的探讨白芷酒炖前后对挥发性成分的影响。方法采用顶空固相微萃取技术(HS-SPME)结合气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对白芷酒炖前后挥发性成分及其相对百分含量进行对比分析。结果从白芷生品中初步检测出53个峰,鉴定出36个成分;从白芷酒炖中检测出32个峰,鉴定出26个成分;与生品成分比较,酒炖白芷中有22种成分未测到,但新增了12种成分,表明酒炖白芷中的挥发性成分的组成和含量均发生了变化。结论白芷酒炖后由于受热及辅料黄酒的作用使挥发性成分的种类及含量发生了明显变化,并存在成分转化,本研究为白芷酒炖的炮制机理及其在都梁丸中应用的物质基础研究提供了科学依据。     

植入物乳房重建一步法和二步法临床对比研究

目的:探讨即刻乳房假体重建（一步法）和应用扩张器的假体重建（二步法）两种不同手术方式在术后并发症、美容效果和成本效益的差异。方法:回顾性分析我院乳腺外科2015年5月至2018年5月收治的285例乳腺癌植入物重建患者，依据手术方式不同分为一步法组（145例）和二步法组（140例），比较两组患者临床资料的差异。结果:一步法组术后出血发生率（6.8%）高于二步法组（1.4%），差异有统计学意义（P=0.021）。一步法组术后伤口皮瓣坏死率（6.2%）高于二步法组（1.4%），差异有统计学意义（P=0.036）。二步法组乳房满意度评分（81.5±7.1）分高于1步法组（78.6±6.2）分，差异有统计学意义（P=0.035）。二步法组住院总花费（80 334.8±6 149.8）元高于一步法组（60 966.5±5 544.9）元，差异有统计学意义（P=0.049）。二步法组住院天数（34.3±3.2）天多于一步法组（17.5±3.9）天，差异有统计学意义（P=0.014）。结论:在植入物乳房重建两种手术方式中，二步法相较于一步法，其并发症少，美容效果好，但在成本效益上并不优于一步法。     

Impulsive and compulsive behaviors in Parkinson's disease: Impact on quality of and satisfaction with life,and caregiver burden

IntroductionTo disentangle the association between impulsive and compulsive behaviors (ICBs), health-related quality of life (HRQOL), satisfaction with life (SwL), and caregiver distress in dyads of people with Parkinson's disease (PwP) and caregivers.MethodsData used in this study were obtained from the ongoing Norwegian ParkWest study, a population-based longitudinal cohort study of the incidence, neurobiology and prognosis of PD in Western Norway. One hundred and one dyads of PwP free of dementia and their caregivers were included 5 years after PD diagnosis and inclusion in the ParkWest study. Standardized clinical rating scales were used to evaluate ICBs, HRQOL, SwL and caregiver distress.ResultsOf 101 PwP-caregiver dyads, self-reported ICBs were seen in 33% of PwP and only caregiver-reported ICBs in 12% of PwP. PwP-reported ICBs were associated with poorer HRQOL and SwL, whereas ICBs reported by caregivers only were associated with increased caregiver distress, but not poorer HRQOL or SwL in PwP.ConclusionsICBs have adverse effects on HRQOL, SwL and caregiver distress. These findings underpin the need for proper identification and management of ICBs in PwP.     

OSAHS患儿扁桃体和腺样体术后免疫功能的变化

目的 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)是耳鼻咽喉科的一种常见病，儿童发病率呈上升趋势，调查显示儿童OSAHS发生率为4%~5%，2~6岁是发病的高峰期。OSAHS不仅严重影响儿童的睡眠质量，还会引起儿童生长发育迟缓、智力缺陷等一系列不良反应，OSAHS患儿的主要病因是扁桃体和/或腺样体肥大，因此最有效的治疗方法是扁桃体切除术和腺样体切除术。而扁桃体和腺样体是儿童淋巴组织系统的重要组成部分，在机体的防御和保护功能中发挥着重要作用。手术治疗OSAHS是否影响儿童的免疫功能目前存在争议。一些学者认为扁桃体切除和腺样体切除后儿童的免疫力降低，而另一些学者认为OSAHS儿童的免疫力在手术后保持不变，甚至比手术前有所提高。本文就儿童OSAHS手术前后免疫指标的变化作一综述。     

经皮肺动脉瓣植入术在肺动脉瓣反流患者中的临床应用

经皮肺动脉瓣植入术(PPVI)在我国作为一种新兴的技术,开展相对较晚,但随着我国医疗水平的不断提高以及临床对于右心室流出道梗阻的先天性心脏病患者术后出现重度肺动脉瓣反流的不断重视,PPVI在我国得到了飞速发展。近十几年来,欧美国家已在临床成熟应用PPVI,相对于传统外科手术而言其具有微创、可重复性、术后疗效好等优点。现对PPVI在肺动脉瓣反流患者中的临床应用进行叙述。     

“透法”在外感热病中的运用

外感之邪从口鼻、皮毛侵袭人体,肺卫首先受邪。在外感病初期,肺卫失宣是病机的关键,治疗应重在宣通肺卫。外感风寒邪气,寒邪直接损伤卫阳,郁遏肺气,治当辛温解表。外感风热邪气,阳邪郁遏气机,损伤津液,易化燥化火,甚则内陷生变,治当辛凉解表。湿热邪气从口鼻、皮毛而入,初起即表现为卫气同病,治当宣化表里湿热。燥气为病,易伤肺脏、耗津液,与热相合则易化热化火,而成温燥,治宜辛凉甘润。外感热病初起,六淫邪气侵袭肺卫,气机郁滞,进而津停成饮、成痰;气有余便是火,郁滞之气化燥化火,甚则动血。治疗总则为宣通气机,此即"透法"之运用。故在外感热病初起的治疗中,贵在把握气机状态,让肺卫之气宣畅,正气宣布,则邪气潜消。