Relationship between cardio-ankle vascular index and components of metabolic syndrome in combination with sex and age

ObjectiveThe relationship between cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and components of metabolic syndrome (MetS), in addition to age and sex as confounders was explored to verify the characteristics of CAVI.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted for 144 subjects (108 males and 36 females), aged 31–86 years, who were inhabitants undergoing intensive health checkups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the association.ResultsMetS was present in 36 of 108 males (33%) and 13 of 36 females (36%). Significant association between CAVI ≥ 9 and male subjects or age was recognized. Although five metabolic components did not show any significant association with CAVI ≥ 9, there was a trend of positive association between CAVI and BMI < 25 (p = 0.060), high blood pressure (p = 0.074) or hypertriglyceridemia (p = 0.088).ConclusionMale and age were significantly associated with CAVI ≥ 9. Further study is needed to verify the association between CAVI ≥ 9 and MetS components.     

Does long time spending on the electronic devices affect the reading abilities? A cross-sectional study among Chinese school-aged children

Home literacy environment (HLE) is one of most important modifiable risk factors to dyslexia. With the development in technology, we include the electronic devices usage at home, such as computers and televisions, to the definition of HLE and investigate its impact on dyslexia based on the on-going project of Tongji's Reading Environment and Dyslexia Study. The data include 5063 children, primary school students (grade 3–grade 6), from a middle-sized city in China. We apply the principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the large dimension of variables in HLE, and find the first three components, denoted as PC1, PC2 and PC3, can explain 95.45% of HLE information. PC1 and PC2 demonstrate strong positive association with ‘total time spending on electronic devices’ and ‘literacy-related activity’, respectively. PC3 demonstrates strong negative association with ‘restrictions on using electronic devices’. From the generalized linear model, we find that PC1 significantly increases the risk of dyslexia (OR = 1.043, 95% CI: 1.018–1.070), while PC2 significantly decreases the risk of dyslexia (OR = 0.839, 95% CI: 0.795–0.886). Therefore, reducing the total time spending on electronic devices and increasing the literacy-related activity would be the potential protective factors for dyslexic children in China.     

Long-term activation of the innate immune system in atherosclerosis

Efforts to reverse the pathologic consequences of vulnerable plaques are often stymied by the complex treatment resistant pro-inflammatory environment within the plaque. This suggests that pro-atherogenic stimuli, such as LDL cholesterol and high fat diets may impart longer lived signals on (innate) immune cells that persist even after reversing the pro-atherogenic stimuli. Recently, a series of studies challenged the traditional immunological paradigm that innate immune cells cannot display memory characteristics. Epigenetic reprogramming in these myeloid cell subsets, after exposure to certain stimuli, has been shown to alter the expression of genes upon re-exposure. This phenomenon has been termed trained innate immunity or innate immune memory. The changed responses of ‘trained’ innate immune cells can confer nonspecific protection against secondary infections, suggesting that innate immune memory has likely evolved as an ancient mechanism to protect against pathogens. However, dysregulated processes of immunological imprinting mediated by trained innate immunity may also be detrimental under certain conditions as the resulting exaggerated immune responses could contribute to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis. Pro-atherogenic stimuli most likely cause epigenetic modifications that persist for prolonged time periods even after the initial stimulus has been removed. In this review we discuss the concept of trained innate immunity in the context of a hyperlipidemic environment and atherosclerosis. According to this idea the epigenome of myeloid (progenitor) cells is presumably modified for prolonged periods of time, which, in turn, could evoke a condition of continuous immune cell over-activation.     

Relationship between serum levels of oxidative stress and metabolic syndrome components

Aims

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) with number of metabolic syndrome (Mets) components on the personnel working in Shahroud University of Medical Sciences.

囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节因子抑制药在分泌性腹泻中的应用研究进展

摘 要 分泌性腹泻威胁着全球健康,是儿童发病和死亡的主要原因之一。肠上皮细胞腔内Cl-通道激活导致肠道液体过度分泌是肠毒素引起腹泻的主要原因。在霍乱及其他细菌肠毒素引发的腹泻中,囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节因子（cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, CFTR）是主要的cAMP-调节Cl 通道,其主要功能是促进上皮细胞液体分泌。利用肠上皮细胞CFTR抑制药抗分泌性腹泻是一种新途径。已有的CFTR抑制药有噻唑啉酮类、甘氨酸酰肼类和喹喔啉二酮等。同时,从天然植物中提取分离的一些成分也具有CFTR抑制作用,但研究还不够深入。因此,对CFTR抑制药的研究进展进行了综述。     

庆大霉素C组分和有关物质测定的HPLC-柱后衍生化法与脉冲安培电化学法的比较研究

摘 要 目的： 参考《欧洲药典》的HPLC 脉冲安培电化学法建立高效液相色谱 柱后衍生化法测定庆大霉素C组分含量及其有关物质, 同时与电化学法进行比较研究。方法: 采用亲水性HydrosphereC₁₈（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）色谱柱,以含0.7%三氟乙酸及0.025%五氟丙酸的50 mmol·L^-1氢氧化钠溶液（pH2.6）-乙腈（98.5∶1.5）为流动相。衍生化法反应温度30℃,荧光激发波长340 nm,发射波长430 nm。电化学法采用脉冲安培检测器,金电极为工作电极,四电位波形工作模式。结果:两种方法测定的庆大霉素C组分（C_1a, C₂, C_2a和C₁）分别在5.82～233.00,6.92～277.00,4.00～160.00和6.23～249.00 μg·mL^-1的浓度范围内线性关系良好（r均≥0.999 3）,检测限和定量限范围分别为0.92～3.28 ng和1.37～5.19 ng。结论: 两种方法的检测结果无明显差异。     

维吾尔族大学生屈光状态与屈光要素的研究

目的:探索维吾尔族大学生不同屈光状态与屈光要素之间的关系.方法:选取新疆医科大学在校维吾尔族大学生共计475例950眼,进行眼科视力、裂隙灯及眼底镜等专科检查,排除有影响屈光状态眼部疾病的9眼,余941眼,使用IOL-Master进行眼轴长度、前房深度、角膜曲率测定,并进行统计学分析.结果:维吾尔族大学生941眼随着眼屈光状态的分布为-13.5 ～ +8.00D,眼轴长度由长变短,前房深度由深变浅,角膜平均曲率由陡变平.根据屈光状态不同共分为7组,各组间比较中眼轴长度有统计学差异(P＜0.05),前房深度与角膜平均曲率存在相近屈光状态间无统计学差异的情况(P＞0.05).等效球镜与眼轴长度、前房深度、角膜平均曲率的相关系数r分别为-0.834,-0.547,-0.208(P＜0.01).等效球镜(D)与眼轴长度(AL)、前房深度(ACD)与角膜平均曲率(K)的多元回归方程为D=83.229-2.150AL+2.171ACD-0.939K.结论:维吾尔族大学生屈光要素间的变化配合决定了眼的屈光状态,为研究维吾尔族屈光状态的发生发展提供依据.