The effect of 6 months or longer duration of chronic obstructive respiratory disease medication on the oral health parameters of adults

The objectives of this study were to study the effect of COPD medication of 6 months or more duration on oral health parameters of adult patients. A cross‐sectional study was conducted to assess and compare the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), oral hygiene index‐simplified (OHI‐S), periodontal disease index (PDI) scores, and presence of candida (colony‐forming units [CFU]) among adult patients aged 20–45 years who had a history of 6 months or longer duration usage of chronic respiratory disease medications, with controls. A total of 170 participants each were taken in both the groups. Oral health parameters like DMFT scores (p ≤ 0.002), OHI‐S (p ≤ 0.001), calculus scores (p ≤ 0.001), plaque scores (p ≤ 0.001), and CFU/ml of candida species (p ≤ 0.001) were higher among cases than controls. DMFT scores and candida presence were significantly higher among those whose treatment duration was greater than 5 years as compared to those with lesser duration. Gingival‐periodontal component scores of PDI were lower among cases than controls (p ≤ 0.001). Our findings suggest the need for regular oral health maintenance for those under COPD treatment and for greater research into the possible protective role of inhaled corticosteroids in limiting periodontal disease among patients.     

不同信息框架对军校医学专业大学生决策行为影响的研究

目的探讨医疗风险决策信息框架对军校医学专业大学生决策行为的影响。方法采用肺癌治疗决策问卷,采用随机抽样的方式,抽取293名大学生,将其随机分成三组:正面框架组,负面框架组和平衡框架组。结果正面框架组被试保守和冒险方案选择百分比分别为63.4%和36.6%;负面框架组为24.6%和75.4%,差异具有显著性(χ2=30.550,P=0.000)。确认被试风险偏好基线水平的平衡框架中选择保守和冒险的比例相近(49.5%,50.5%)。与基线水平比较发现,仅在负面框架与基线水平之间差异具有显著性。此外,男女性别之间无显著性差异。结论军校医学专业大学生在肺癌治疗风险决策情境中的基线水平接近中性,负面信息刺激导致冒险偏好。     

刍议医务部（处）助理员管理能力培养

在国家经济快速发展和居民医疗保障体系逐步完善的新形势下,军队医院面临的竞争压力越来越大。军队医院若要把握好发展机遇,实现内涵式发展新跨越,必须建设一支业务精、能力强的管理干部队伍。本文就提高军队医院医务部（处）助理员管理能力进行探讨,以期对其提高才干和执行力有所帮助。     

2~6岁儿童牙科诊室行为影响因素研究

目的探寻2~6岁儿童牙科诊室行为的影响因素,建立简便易行的低龄儿童牙科诊室行为预测模型。方法对96例接受牙科治疗的2~6岁儿童的牙科诊室行为评估分为配合组与不配合组;问卷调查获取家长口腔健康意识、母亲牙科焦虑、儿童日常行为特点及情绪类型等资料;使用SPSS11.5软件分析组间各因素差异及与牙科诊室行为的相关程度。结果两组患儿年龄(4.35±0.83 vs 3.85±1.07)和情绪应激性(17.77±4.88 vs 23.23±4.76)之间差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗持续时间、幼儿园入园表现、家长对儿童口腔疾患的责任承担度与儿童口腔诊室行为均存在显著相关性(P0.05)。结论通过治疗前与家长的针对性沟通可有效预测低龄儿童牙科诊室行为。     

Effect of oil pulling in promoting oro dental hygiene: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials

AimTo critically appraise and evaluate the evidence from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) examining the effectiveness of oil pulling on oro dental hygiene.MethodsWe conducted electronic searches in Medline, Embase, Amed, The Cochrane Library and Cinahl databases from inception to February 2015, and assessed reporting quality using the Cochrane risk of bias criteria. We included RCTs that compared oil pulling using conventional cooking oils with a control intervention. Our primary outcomes were measures of oro dental hygiene using validated scales.ResultsElectronic searches yielded 26 eligible studies, of which five RCTs comprising a total of 160 participants were included. The studies varied in reporting quality, lasted between 10 and 45 days, and compared oil pulling with chlorhexidine, placebo or routine dental hygiene practice. Three studies reported no significant differences in post intervention plaque index scores between oil pulling and control groups (Chlorhexidine mouthwash +/− Placebo): p = 0.28, 0.94, and 0.38, respectively. Two studies reported no significant difference in post-intervention modified gingival index score between oil pulling and Chlorhexidine mouthwash groups (p = 0.32 and 0.64).ConclusionThe limited evidence to date from clinical trials suggests that oil pulling may have beneficial effects on oro dental hygiene as seen for the short period of time investigated. Given that this is a potentially cost-effective intervention, this practice might be of particular benefit. Future clinical trials should be more rigorous and better reported.