姜黄素预处理对急性缺血再灌注模型大鼠肝脏的保护作用

目的：建立姜黄素预处理的大鼠急性肝脏缺血再灌注模型,初步探讨姜黄素对急性缺血再灌注后大鼠肝脏的保护作用。方法：10只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组（n=3）、溶剂对照组（n=3）和实验组（n=4）。实验组和溶剂对照组大鼠在进行急性肝脏缺血再灌注前分别腹腔注射姜黄素和1%羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC）进行预处理。假手术组大鼠不进行急性肝脏缺血再灌注。采用超高效液相色谱-质谱（UPLC-MS）联用法分析各组大鼠血清中姜黄素水平,胆管导管术和荧光分析法检测各组大鼠胆汁流量,丙二醛（MDA）试剂盒检测各组大鼠肝脏组织中MDA水平。结果：腹腔注射200mg·kg^-1姜黄素1h后大鼠血清中姜黄素水平达到（0.17±0.05）mg·L^-1,并在注射3h后降到检测线以下。实验组大鼠肝脏组织中MDA水平为（9.18±1.78）mmol·g^-1,低于溶剂对照组（527.54mmol·g^-1±237.38mmol·g^-1）和假手术组（162.73mmol·g^-1±90.50 mmol·g^-1）。实验组大鼠在缺血再灌注后胆汁流量恢复到基线的40%左右,与溶剂对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,假手术组大鼠胆汁流量则保持在基线水平。结论：姜黄素腹腔注射给药后能迅速进入大鼠血液循环,并在体内较快代谢,其水平在给药3h后降到检测线以下。姜黄素预处理能有效降低缺血再灌注后肝脏组织中MDA水平,对肝脏起到保护作用,但对恢复胆汁流量的效果不明显。     

Effect of Chronic Cholesterol Loading in the Development of Acute Ischemic Renal Failure in Rats

The effect of chronic cholesterol loading and lovastatin administration in renal artery clamping acute renal failure in rats is not known. Acute renal failure was induced by 60-min left renal artery clamping immediately afer right nephrectomy. The changes in renal function after renal artery clamping in the hyperlipidemic rats were unexpected. The acute renal failure in the cholesterol-loaded groups was less severe than in the nonhyperlipidemic rats. The lovastatin administration had some favorable effect on renal function afi ter ischemia; however, this effect was not additive to the high dietary cholesterol administration. Our results seems to favor the concept that in this special form of experimental renal ischemic acute renal failure, serum cholesterol levels, elevated through diet, may have protective effects with respect to renal tubular lesions during or following the acute ischemic insult.     

Association between GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 variants and the risk of end stage renal disease

Introduction: There are some evidences indicating DNA damage by oxidant and mutant agents has an essential role in the chronic renal failure and end stage renal disease (ESRD). To investigate the possible association of GSTs variants with ESRD, we investigated the frequency of GST- T1, M1, and P1 genotypes, and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in patients with ESRD.

Materials and methods: The present case-control study consisted of 136 ESRD patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis and 137 gender- and age-matched, unrelated healthy controls from the population of west of Iran. The GST- T1, M1, and P1 genotypes were determined in all individuals using multiplex-PCR and PCR-RFLP. The level of MDA was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Results: We found that GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes (GSTT1?/GSTM1?) increased the risk of ESRD by 1.8 times (p?<?0.001) and the increased risk of ESRD for GSTM-null (T1+-M1?) genotype was 3.04 times (p?=?0.002). ESRD patients carriers the GST (GSTM1-null?+?GSTT1-null?+?GST-null) genotypes compared to GST normal genotype increased the risk of ESRD by 3.3 (p?<?0.001) times. ESRD patients carriers of GST-null, GSTM1-null, and GSTT1-null genotypes had greater MDA concentration compared with the same genotypes of control subjects. Our results indicated that the GST-null allele (GSTT1-null/GSTM1-null) is a risk factor for ESRD and carriers of this allele have high levels of MDA.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate that oxidative stress, impairment of the antioxidant system and abnormal lipid metabolism may play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of ESRD and its related complications. These data suggest that patients with ESRD are more susceptible to vascular diseases.     

定心汤对心律失常大鼠模型的影响

目的  研究定心汤对心律失常大鼠模型的作用及各项相关指标的影响。方法  采用乌头碱所致心律失常模型观察药物作用。结果  定心汤对乌头碱致大鼠室性心律失常模型有明显作用,缩短心律失常持续时间,降低血清丙二醛（MDA）含量,增加血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性,增加心肌组织中Na+-K+-ATP酶、Ca2+-ATP酶活性。结论  定心汤有明显的抗室性心律失常作用,且呈剂量依赖性。

     

Serum levels of bcl-2 and cellular oxidative stress in patients with viral hepatitis

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the presence of bcl-2 protein in the serum of patients with viral hepatitis and to find out if there is any correlation between bcl-2 protein levels and cellular oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis. METHODS: This study was carried out on 130 patients with viral hepatitis, 70 with chronic hepatitis, 30 with liver cirrhosis and 30 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in addition to 20 healthy persons as the control. Serum bcl-2 protein was estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, serum malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and antioxidant enzymes (GSH, GSH-px, GR and SOD) were measured using spectrophotometric analysis. RESULTS: bcl-2 protein level was significantly elevated in the serum of HCC, cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis groups as compared to control group. There were significant positive correlations between higher bcl-2 protein level and viral hepatitis markers (HBsAg, anti-HCV antibodies) in HCC and cirrhotic patients as compared to chronic hepatitis group. An increase in oxidative stress markers (MDA, NO) and a decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, GSH and GSH-px) were observed. However, there was a negative correlation between bcl-2 levels and GR in all studied patient groups. CONCLUSIONS: The release of oxidative free radicals, deficiency in antioxidant enzymes and the expression of bcl-2 protein might play a role in the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis. The ability to measure bcl-2 protein in the serum could be useful as a prognostic marker of cancer patients.     

表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对雨蛙素导致的小鼠急性胰腺炎肺损伤的作用

目的研究表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)对急性胰腺炎相关性肺损伤的作用及机制。方法用随机数表法将balb/c小鼠分为3组:空白对照组腹腔注射0.9%NaC l(10 mL·kg^-1);模型组腹腔注射雨蛙素50μg·kg^-1建立小鼠急性胰腺炎肺损伤模型,这2组均每小时注射1次,共7次;实验组在造模后1,3,6 h,分别腹腔给予EGCG 25 mg·kg^-1。于造模后24 h,用脱颈法处死小鼠。眼球取血,切取肺,取胰腺,进行病理学检查;用全自动生化分析仪测定血清中淀粉酶,以硫代巴比妥酸法检测丙二醛(MDA)水平,以酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)的含量,以免疫组化SP法检测肺组织核因子(NF-κB)水平,用苏木精-尹红(HE)染色法进行肺组织学观察及组织病理学评分。结果实验组、模型组与对照组的血清淀粉酶分别为(3613.21±351.87),(4720.43±672.24),(895.41±107.18)U·L^-1;这3组的MDA分别为(13.06±0.11),(15.49±0.40),(4.26±0.69)mmol·mL^-1;这3组的TNF-ɑ分别为(59.83±14.74),(83.29±24.10),(24.76±10.24)pg·L^-1;这3组的肺组织NF-κB表达分别为0.38±0.14,0.55±0.12,0.14±0.09;这3组的肺组织病理学评分分别为(3.47±1.20),(6.54±0.51),(0.21±0.07)分;模型组与对照组比较,以上指标差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);实验组与模型组比较,以上指标差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 EGCG可通过抑制NF-κB的表达和提高对氧自由基的清除,从而减轻实验小鼠胰腺炎症相关肺组织损伤。     

不同剂量紫外线照射对血液抗氧化作用的影响

实验用不同剂量短波紫外线（ＵＶ－Ｃ）照射家兔离体血液，采用化学发光法（ＣＬ）和分光光度法分别测定血浆超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活力和丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量。未照射血液血浆ＳＤＯ活力、ＭＤＡ含量分别为９４６．６７±５７．６５Ｕ／ｍｌ、１７．７６±３．３９ｎｍｏｌ／ｍｌ。小剂量（１５秒）照射后ＳＯＤ活力显著高于未照射血液（Ｐ＜０．０１），剂量增加后（３０秒）ＳＯＤ活力下降并接近未照射水平，照射１分钟后活力明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０５），并随短波ＵＶ－Ｃ剂量（３、６分钟）增大下降增多（Ｐ＜０．００１）。较小剂量ＵＶ－Ｃ（１５秒、３０秒、１分钟）照射后ＭＤＡ含量无明显变化，ＵＶ－Ｃ照射３分钟时ＭＤＡ含量开始出现明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），并随剂量加大（６分钟）进一步增高（Ｐ＜０．００１）。结果提示小剂量ＵＶ－Ｃ照射能够增强机体抗氧化能力，大剂量照射则使机体抗氧化能力下降，氧化损伤作用增强；并且说明ＵＶ－Ｃ照射所致机体脂质过氧化损伤与抗氧化能力下降，自由基生成增多、消除不足有关     

病理性瘢痕中丙二醛含量的测定

目的:了解病理性瘢痕中脂质过氧化水平的变化。方法:应用化学比色法测定正常人皮肤(8例)、增生性瘢痕(10例)、瘢痕疙瘩(10例)及成熟瘢痕(7例)组织中丙二醛的含量。结果:与正常人皮肤比较,增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩中丙二醛含量明显升高(P<0·05),成熟瘢痕与正常人皮肤比较无差异(P>0·05);与成熟瘢痕比较,增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩中MDA含量非常显著升高(P<0·01);增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩比较无差异(P>0·05)。结论:病理性瘢痕中自由基含量增加引起脂质过氧化程度加重,瘢痕过度增生可能与此有关。