Adherence to recommendations and improvement over time in men with erectile dysfunction

Men with erectile problems seen for a comprehensive urology-department-based medical and psychological evaluation were sent questionnaires 2 to 3 years later. A representative sample of 99 (52%) responded. The majority (51%) has taken no action and reported that their sexual function was no better. Patients were more likely to comply with a recommendation for sex therapy than with one for a penile prosthesis. This was related to their attitude towards mental health professionals. These findings suggest the need for more knowledge of patient psychology and expectations.These data were presented in preliminary form at the Tenth Meeting of the International Academy of Sex Research, Cambridge, England, September 1984.     

146例女性不孕症的病因分析

目的 分析女性不孕的病因。方法 收集1990-2000年我院女性不孕症146例，不孕时间2年以上。结果 不孕症的主要原因是子宫因素，感染因素及内分泌失调，原发性不孕以子宫因素为主，继发性不孕则以感染因素为主。结论 女性不孕症的原因常是多因素的，必须采用综合治疗，才能提高妊娠率。     

生殖激素检测在男性不育症诊断中的意义

本文报道了我院对３１５例男性不育症患者在第一次就诊时进行血清生殖激素ＦＳＨ、ＬＨ、Ｔ、ＰＲＬ、Ｅ２水平的检测，并进行详细的病史询问、常规体检和精液分析等检查。结果显示血清Ｔ值在不同的精子密度层次的男性不育症患者均呈正态分布。睾丸容积减少，ＦＳＨ、ＬＨ上升，Ｔ／ＬＨ下降，提示睾丸功能损害，并且Ｔ／ＬＨ的比值更能反映间质细胞的功能。血清ＰＲＬ和Ｅ２值在诊断高催乳素血症不育有意义，但在男性生育者和不生育者之间无明显差别。而且ＦＳＨ值在鉴别睾丸原发性与梗阻性无精子症是一项重要指标。作者讨论了血清生殖激素测定在不育症诊断中、在判定睾丸功能的损害程度中的意义。     

Selective drop-out in successive in-vitro fertilization attempts: the pendulum danger.

Success rates from in-vitro fertilization (IVF) in the long term are dependent on selection procedures with regard to continuation into further IVF episodes. Publications on success rates in successive episodes will give incentives to adapt selection criteria, but if these publications do not deal explicitly with patient selection, the adaptations might change their direction every time: the pendulum danger.     

Urine as an alternative to urethral swabs for the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis in infertile males

Swabbing the urethrae of men has been the traditional approach for collecting specimens for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis . Recently, however, urine testing using enzyme immunoassay has yielded promising results. A total of 105 patients attending the Andrology Clinic at Ga Rankuwa Hospital, Medunsa were included in the study. These patients were asymptomatic and had no urethral discharge. Three endo-urethral swabs and first-catch urine were collected fiom each patient. The urethral swabs were used for enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (IDEIA 111), tissue culture and direct immonufluorescent antibody (DFA) test (IMAGEN) to detect C. trachomatis . In addition about 15–30 ml of first-catch urine, or urine collected at least 2h after the previous micturition, was collected for each patient for EIA testing. Fifteen (14.3%) of 105 patients were positive on urethral swab EIA, in comparison with the DFA test in which 14 (13.3%) were positive. Eight (7.8%) were positive in tissue culture. Urine EIA was positive in 17 (16.2%) patients, of whom five (4.8%) were positive in urine EIA only. All EIA positive urines were confirmed by DFA. We recommend that first-catch urine or urine collected at least 2h after the previous micturition in infertile males may be considered a suitable alternative to urethral swab for chlamydial diagnosis because it is noninvasive and nontraumatic.     

子宫内膜活检在不孕症诊治中的评价(附1278例临床与病理分析)

本文报道了子宫内膜活检在诊治不孕症中的作用,并分析了1278例原发性不孕症患者子宫内膜活检后的临床诊断与病理学阳性的关系。其中无排卵性内膜85例占6.2％,黄体功能欠缺50例占3.9％,子宫内膜增生症21例占1.6％,子宫内膜炎8例占0.6％和内膜结核24例占1.8％。文中还对不孕的原因作了进一步的分析与讨论,提出了不孕症的诊治意见。     

男性不育症患者中YRRM2基因缺陷的研究

YRRM基因是控制精子生成与成熟的一个重要因素，一旦该基因缺陷，将会造成无精或少精。本研究对340例无精与少精患者的外周血标本进行了PCR基因扩增筛查，结果发现7例为该基因缺陷，占2％。证明YRRM2的缺陷也是造成中国人群男性不育的一个原因，从而可作为指导医生采用适当治疗方法的一个可靠指标。在实验过程中，采用直接加热白细胞提取基因组DNA，并以此作为模板对YRRM2基因进行扩增，既节省时间和经费，又保持良好的扩增效果，使之可用于临床医院作为常规检查。     

镇痛灵对雄性1型糖尿病大鼠性功能的影响

目的 :本实验以成年雄性大鼠为研究对象 ,观察和探讨中药镇痛灵对糖尿病大鼠性功能的影响。　方法 :3～ 5月龄雄性Wistar大鼠 32只 ,随机分为糖尿病组 2 2只 ,正常对照组 10只。 72h后 ,将造模成功的糖尿病大鼠随机分为 2组 :未治疗组 ;镇痛灵治疗组。第 5周测血糖 ,阿朴吗啡勃起实验后 ,乙醚麻醉下断头取血 ,分离血清 ,取一侧睾丸组织制成匀浆液 ,测定血清及组织匀浆中NO及NOS水平。　结果 :糖尿病大鼠与正常对照组比较 ,血清NO、NOS明显降低 ,差异有高度显著性 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;镇痛灵治疗组血清NO、NOS值与未治疗组比较明显升高 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;阿朴吗啡勃起实验证实 ,镇痛灵治疗组大鼠阴茎勃起次数明显多于未治疗组 ,差异有显著性(P <0 .0 1) ,而与正常对照组比较 ,差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。　结论 :复方中药合剂镇痛灵有降血糖作用 ,对糖尿病并发的性功能障碍有一定治疗作用。     

聚氨酯避孕套临床前使用可行性和可接受性分析

目的 对使用新型聚氨酯(Pu)男用避孕套的可行性和可接受性进行初步观察。方法 对30对健康已婚夫妇为期6周360次使用国产PU避孕套的效果进行问卷调查。结果 避孕套总破裂率(临床破裂 非临床破裂)为2．22％，临床滑脱率为16．5％，使用观察期间无意外妊娠发生。结论 新型PU避孕套的破裂率和滑脱率分别相近于和高于报道的乳胶避孕套使用情况，感官指标反映PU避孕套具有良好的可接受性。     

中国男性原发不育的遗传高风险因子:Y染色体DAZ基因拷贝缺失

目的 探讨Y染色体无精症因子C区(azoospermia factor C，AZFe)无精症缺失基因(deleted-in-azoospermia，DAZ)家族基因拷贝缺失与中国男性原发不育之间的关系。方法 运用多重PCR与PCR-RFLP检测技术，对210例已生育男性、216例原发无精症与189例严重少精症患者Y染色体AzFc区域DAZ基因家族的基因拷贝数进行分析。结果 在所有已生育男性中未检出DAZ基因拷贝的完全或部分缺失，而在原发无精症与严重少精症患者中DAZ基因拷贝完全缺失率分别为8．8％和12．2％，DAZ1／DAZ2共缺失率分别为8．3％和5．3％。结论 在中国男性原发无精症与严重少精症患者中存在较高频率的DAZ基因拷贝缺失现象，提示Y染色体AZFc区域DAZ基因家族基因拷贝的完全与部分缺失是中国男性原发不育的遗传高风险因子。