306例带状疱疹临床分析

目的探讨带状疱疹的临床特点，以利于临床科学诊治。方法对在我科就诊的临床资料完整的带状疱疹患者306例进行回顾性分析。结果发病时间以春夏季较高237例（77．5％），发病年龄以中老年居多228例（74．5％），皮疹类型以寻常型为主261例（85．3％）。结论带状疱疹发病随年龄增大而增加，年龄越大，病程越长，后遗症较多；早期少量使用糖皮质激素，对疼痛的迅速控制、病情的尽快恢复具有良好的效果。     

Response of astrocytes to experimental herpetic infection

Research Institute of Children's Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg. Institute of Neurology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences D. S. Sarkisov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 114, No. 11, pp. 548–551, November, 1992.     

HSV-2W株对Vero细胞分裂指数影响的研究

HSV-2 W株感染Vero细胞后,对细胞的分裂指数可产生以下影响:在一定作用时间内,接种病毒的细胞其分裂指数高于对照细胞而低于接种秋水仙素的细胞;接种病毒最多的细胞高于接种病毒量少的细胞;但超过一定时间,则差别不显著;接种病毒时间长的细胞低于接种病毒时间短的细胞;接种灭活病毒的细胞高于接种未来灭活病毒的细胞。根据以上结果就HSV-2对宿主的某些生物学作用讲行了讨论。     

PCR微板杂交检测生殖器疱疹病毒感染

以 PCR扩增生殖器疱疹病毒 DNA,然后用特异性 DNA探针微孔板检测疱疹病毒扩增产物 ,同时用普通 PCR检测同样的标本。结果 4 3例病例组中 ,PCR微板杂交 35 (83% )例阳性 ,8例 (17% )阴性 ;普通 PCR37(86 % )例阳性 ,6 (14 % )例阴性 ,二者无显著性差异 ;对照组 PCR微板杂交 19例 2例阳性 ,17例阴性。同时 ,普通 PCR则有 5例阳性 ,14例阴性。PCR微板杂交具有快速、灵敏度高、特异性强、抗污染能力强的优点 ,适用于检测可疑 HSV感染 ,具有临床使用价值     

甲氰咪胍辅助治疗带状疱疹20例分析

目的　对比观察阿昔洛韦联合甲氰咪胍与单用阿昔洛韦治疗带状疱疹的疗效。　方法　观察组予阿昔洛韦 0 2 5g静脉滴注 ,每天 3次 (每隔 8h 1次 ) ,同时予甲氰咪胍 0 4g静脉滴注 ,每天 2次 ;对照组予阿昔洛韦 0 2 5g静脉滴注 ,每天 3次 (每隔 8h 1次 )。分别于治疗后第 1、3、7和 11d观察疗效。　结果　观察组和对照组第 1d有效率分别为 70 %和 40 % (χ2 =6 67,P <0 0 5 ) ,第 3d分别为 85 %和 70 % (χ2 =4 2 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,两组对比差异有显著性 ;第 7d痊愈率分别为 90 %和 60 % (χ2 =4 8,P <0 0 5 ) ,第 11d天分别为 10 0 %和 80 % (x2 =4 4,P <0 0 5 ) ,两组对比差异有显著性。　结论　阿昔洛韦联合甲氰咪胍治疗带状疱疹疗效比单用阿昔洛韦起效更快 ,疗效更高 ,疗程更短 ,值得临床推广应用。     

阿昔洛韦对单纯疱疹病毒脑炎小鼠脑细胞的保护作用

目的 了解单纯疱疹病毒脑炎(HSE)脑细胞结构的改变及药物的影响。方法 采用光学显微镜及透射电子显微镜观察HSE小鼠脑细胞结构的变化，并给予阿昔洛韦(ACV)及地塞米松(DEX)治疗，观察治疗后脑细胞结构的变化。结果 HSE小鼠脑神经细胞明显肿胀，核仁固缩，核内结构破坏，线粒体及高尔基体可见空泡样变性，核仁内可见病毒颗粒。用药物干预的小鼠脑神经细胞改变较轻微，未找到病毒颗粒；与单用ACV干预的小鼠相比，用ACV DEX干预的小鼠脑神经细胞及毛细血管周围水肿明显减轻。结论 HSE早期给予ACV DEX治疗，对HSE脑细胞结构有明显保护作用。     

Autopsy findings in two cases of neonatal herpes simplex virus infection: detection of virus by immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction

We describe the pathological findings in two fatal cases of neonatal infection with herpes simplex virus. One had an encephalitis caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2); the other had a disseminated infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Confirmation of the diagnosis was obtained by use of the polymerase chain reaction to amplify viral DNA from paraffin sections of autopsy tissues. By using primers which amplify fragments of the HSV-1 thymidine kinase gene and HSV-2 glycoprotein gene respectively it was possible to discriminate between infection with HSV-1 and HSV-2. In contrast, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization using commercially available reagents did not distinguish between HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection. However, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization are probably more reliable than the polymerase chain reaction for assessment of the distribution of virus in different tissues.     

带状疱疹患者红细胞免疫功能的测定

采用红细胞酵母菌花结试验检测了３２例带状疱疹患者的红细胞免疫粘附活性。结果显示：疾病组红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率（７．７６±１．７６％）较对照组（９．４６±ｌ．７３％）明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），而红细胞免疫复合物花环率（９．９２±１．９９％）较对照组（４．７１±２．２８％）明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

PCR检测角膜内单疱病毒DNA的实验及临床研究

为了探索单疱病毒性角膜炎的发病机制和快速诊断ＨＳＫ。方法应用多聚酶链反应对感染的ＨＳＫ的２０只纯新西兰白兔和６０例ＨＳＫ患者的角膜进行了单疱病毒－１－ＤＮＡ检测。结果急性感染期的５只兔角膜和１２只人角膜均阳性；用稳定期４５ｄ的兔角供体行部分穿透性角膜移植术，术后５０ｄ１０只兔角膜中７只阳性，稳定期６个月－６年的１８只人角膜片，１２只阳性；３０例临床可疑ＨＳＫ角膜刮取物，２６例阳性；５只未感染ＨＳＫ     

Periodontal diseases in HIV-infected patients

Abstract Periodontal diseases may be the first clinical sign of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infection. Since the immunosuppression and subsequent susceptibility may alter the responses of the oral tissues as well as the microflora, both periodontal treatment and result of therapy may be modified. The periodontal diseases in HIV-seropositive patients include common as well as less conventional forms of gingivitis and periodontitis, and bacteria, mycotic and viral infections are seen. Neoplasias may also involve the periodontium; most common are Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Recent studies of unselected groups of patients indicate that periodontal health in at least some groups of HIV-seropositive patients is better than previously reported.