A nocturnal nasogastric feeding programme in cystic fibrosis adults

Fourteen adult patients (mean age 22.5 years, range 18–35) with cystic fibrosis undertook nocturnal nasogastric feeding for a mean period of 14.7 (range 6–18) months consuming an average of 1042 ml of a high energy feed on five nights of each week. Following this protocol all patients gained weight (mean weight gain 5.4 kg, range 2–17). For the group as a whole, lung function remained stable during the period of feeding; however a significant correlation between improvement in lung function and weight gain was demonstrated. Hyperglycaemia during feeding in this adult population was common (9/14, 64%) but was easily controlled with insulin therapy.     

小儿智商、出生体重与成孕日父母生物节律关系的初步探讨

对107名小儿调查分析其智商及出生体重与成孕日父母生物节律的相关性，获得了有意义的结论：①小儿智商与成孕时父母的智力节律处于高潮期有关，②小儿出生体重与成孕时父母的体力节律处于高潮期有关。本组资料为我们倡导的“先咨询、后受孕”提供了依据，指出选择高潮期妊娠配合孕期保健有助于优生。     

Body Image Changes in Adolescents II Comparison among Patients with Eating Disorders and Controls with Thin, Normal and Obese Body Shapes

Abstract: The Self-Rating Body Image (SRBI) test was used to determine whether the patients with eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia showed their body image disturbance or not. The SRBI was completed by 120 subjects who consisted of 30 low weight (LW) controls, 30 normal weight (NW) controls, 30 high weight (HW) controls, 18 anorexic patients (AN) and 12 bulimic patients (BN). The AN group had a significantly greater dissatisfaction with the scales of the body shape, visceral organ and face image of the SRBI than the weight-matched LW group. The BN group had a significantly greater dissatisfaction with the visceral organ image than the weight-matched NW group. However, no significant difference in the body shape and face images between the BN and NW groups was found. Our results suggest that the anorexic patients may disturb more parts of the body image than the bulimic patients though both the anorexic and bulimic patients showed the disturbance of body image.     

早产儿与足月新生儿血清脂联素水平比较

目的探讨早产对血清脂联素水平的影响及早产成为成人期2型糖尿病、心血管疾病发生的重要危险因素可能机制。方法 采用放射免疫分析法,测定30例正常足月新生儿和21例早产儿血清脂联素水平结果早产儿血清脂联素水平(34.29±7.24)mg/L,正常足月新生儿血清脂联素水平(62。47±28.33)mg/L,早产儿血清脂联素水平显著低于足月新生儿(P<0.001);血清脂联素水平与胎龄(r-0.386 P<0.005)、出生体质量(r=0.432 P<0.005)均呈显著正相关 结论 早产儿具有较低血清脂联素水平;胎儿宫内发育不良引起早产或低出生体质量,进而降低其血清脂联素水平,可能是该群体日后发生2型糖尿病、动脉粥样硬化、代谢综合征的重要危险因素     

极低出生体重儿转运过程中的护理

目的探讨极低出生儿体重儿转运过程中的有效护理措施，降低其死亡率。方法通过转运系统将基层医院32例极低出生体重儿转运至新生儿重症监护病房治疗，具体措施包括现场抢救，应用肺泡表面活性物质，途中连续监护和治疗。结果极低出生体重儿32例均成功转运，治愈出院13例，死亡19例，无一例途中死亡。结论全程监护，尽早转运及应用固尔苏是转运成功及降低极低出生体重儿死亡率的关键。     

抑制素(Inhibin)的研究 Ⅰ.人精液抑制素的制备及其生物学特性

本文报道人精液抑制素的制备及其生物学特性。收集的新鲜人精液经乙醇沉淀和丙酮冲洗,获得的粗提物经Sephadex G100处理,产生具有高活性抑制素hP2组分。应用hP2测定使去势雄性大鼠增高的血清FSH水平降低。其生物特性:hP2的生物活性按单位重量计算为粗提物的10倍以上,包含16种氨基酸,通过SDS-PAGE计算分子量为11,500道尔顿。     

Differential effects of IL-1ra on sickness behavior and weight loss induced by IL-1 in rats

Peripheral and central injections of recombinant human interleukin-1β (IL-1β) have been shown to decrease social exploration and to induce body weight loss in rats. To characterize the receptor mechanisms of these effects, we used as a tool a specific antagonist of the receptors of IL-1, IL-1ra. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of IL-1ra (8 mg/kg) blocked the effect of i.p. injection of IL-1β (4 μg/rat) on social behaviour but not on body weight. Central administration of IL-1ra (60 μg/rat, i.c.v.) abrogated the effects of centrally administered IL-1β (30 ngn/rat, i.c.v.) on both social behaviour and body weight. Central injection of IL-1ra (4 μg/rat, i.c.v.) also attenuated the effects of i.p. administered IL-1β (4 μg/rat) on social behaviour but not on body weight. These results suggest that the effects of IL-1β on social behavior are mediated centrally and that its effect on the loss of body weight involves different receptor mechanisms.     

危险管理法在农村儿童保健中应用效果评价

在儿保领域应用危险管理法目的是充分利用有限的卫生资源,减轻基层儿保人员负担,提高儿保服务效果和儿童健康水平。通县农村于1990年以来婴幼儿保健中应用危险管理法的研究显示,高危儿健康状况在加强管理后与非高危儿的相近;实验组与对照组儿童在婴幼儿期的死亡及婴幼儿后期生长发育方面差别无统计学意义;儿童满5岁时,两组生长发育水平无显著性差别。提示在我国有限卫生资源基础上,应用危险管理法于儿保领域有重要现实意义。     

Enhanced Fluid Removal Guided by Blood Volume Monitoring During Chronic Hemodialysis

Fluid overload predisposes chronic hemodialysis patients to cardiovascular disease, a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. We evaluated the efficacy of monitoring changes in blood volume during routine hemodialysis to detect fluid overload. Intradialytic changes in blood volume were monitored by continuously measuring hematocrit in all 56 patients in a single dialysis unit over 7 weeks. After Week 1, patients were categorized into 2 separate groups depending on their maximum intradialytic decreases in blood volume. In Group 1, 46 of 56 or 82% had greater than a 5% decrease in blood volume while in Group 2, 10 of 56 or 18% had less than a 5% decrease in blood volume. During Weeks 2–7, dialytic fluid removal was intentionally increased in Group 2 patients by 0.80 ± 0.62 L (mean ± SD) or 47 ± 43%. This intervention resulted in a larger (p < 0.02) intradialytic decrease in body weight (2.7 ± 0.9 kg versus 2.0 ± 0.8 kg) and a larger (p < 0.02) intradialytic decrease in blood volume (15 ± 5% versus 4 ± 1%) than experienced during Week 1 with a low incidence of symptoms. We conclude that there is a significant percentage of chronic hemodialysis patients who can tolerate additional fluid removal without hypovolemic symptoms even though they are considered to be at dry weight by routine physical examination and that the identification of these patients can be facilitated by intradialytic blood volume monitoring.