The pulsed‐dye laser as an adjuvant treatment modality in acne vulgaris: a randomized controlled single‐blinded trial

Background Acne vulgaris is the most common skin disease and can pose a substantial therapeutic challenge. Recently, several phototherapeutic modalities, most notably pulsed‐dye laser (PDL) treatment, have been introduced, but the published results – albeit promising – are controversial. Objectives To assess the efficacy of an adjuvant PDL treatment when combined with a proven topical treatment [fixed‐combination clindamycin 1%–benzoyl peroxide 5% hydrating gel (C/BPO)]. Methods Eighty patients (38 males and 42 females, mean ± SD age 19·7 ± 5·9 years) were randomized in a 1 : 2 ratio to receive C/BPO alone or in combination with PDL treatment (wavelength 585 nm, energy fluence 3 J cm⁻², pulse duration 0·35 ms, spot size 7 mm). Patients were evaluated at baseline and at 2 and 4 weeks after initial treatment. The primary end points were the Investigator’s Static Global Assessment (ISGA) score and lesion count; the secondary end point was the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Results Both groups showed a significant improvement during observation [ISGA 27·1% (C/BPO) and 24·6% (C/BPO + laser), total lesion count 9·2% and 9·0%, inflammatory lesion count 36·3% and 36·9%, DLQI 54·5% and 42·5%], but there was no significant or otherwise appreciable difference between treatment modalities as far as the extent of improvement was concerned. Patients with more severe findings at baseline had a greater benefit from either therapy regimen. Conclusions Our findings do not support the concept of a substantial benefit of PDL treatment in acne vulgaris.     

Consumer available permanent hair dye products cause major allergic immune activation in an animal model

Background  p -Phenylenediamine (PPD) and related substances are ingredients of more than two-thirds of oxidative (permanent) hair dyes currently used. Although PPD is a potent skin sensitizer in predictive assays, the extent to which permanent hair dyes sensitize humans has been questioned due to the in-use conditions, e.g. the presence of couplers in the hair dye gel and rapid oxidation using a developer.
Objectives  To study the skin sensitizing potential of permanent hair dyes in mice.
Methods  Two different permanent hair dye products containing PPD were studied in CBA mice using a modified version of the local lymph node assay. The colour gel and developer (oxidant) were tested separately and in combination. Response was measured by ear swelling and cytokine production in ear tissue and serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The immune cellular response in the draining lymph nodes was analysed by flow cytometry.
Results  Application of the colour gel both alone and mixed with the developer induced skin production of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumour necrosis factor-α and IL-6 as well as systemic IL-6 release. Both treatments induced B- and T-cell infiltration as well as T-cell proliferation within the draining lymph nodes. Treatment with the mixture induced at least 20% more skin inflammation, cytokine production and CD4+ T-cell activation compared with the colour gel alone.
Conclusions  Consumer available PPD-containing permanent hair dyes can be potent and rapid immune activators. Mixing the colour gel and developer (oxidant) increased the induction of skin inflammation compared with application of the colour gel alone.     

CFDA-SE标记虹膜色素上皮细胞的自体移植

目的探讨兔眼自体虹膜色素上皮细胞（irispigment epithelialcells，IPECs）羧基荧光素乙酰乙酸（CFDA-SE）标记后，采用单通道内路移植方法将传代的IPECs移植于视网膜神经上皮层下的可行性。方法取兔眼自体虹膜细胞分离培养并传代，于第3代经CFDA-SE染色后移植到自体视网膜神经上皮层下。术后不同时间应用彩色眼底照相、激光扫描检眼镜、光学相干断层扫描进行活体观察。不同时间点对移植眼进行切片并常规染色及免疫组化，用光学显微镜对移植细胞进行观察和评价。实验数据采用两均数的等效检验，以0．5倍标准差作为等效界值观察移植前后ZO-1和Actin表达情况。结果移植术后观察显示移植区界限清晰；激光扫描检眼镜可观察到移植区内荧光；光学相干断层扫描和HE染色均显示移植区神经上皮层下有色素上皮细胞堆积，并随时间推移堆积逐渐变平。经免疫组化显示移植区ZO-1、Actin呈棕色点，有规律的间断分布在Bruch膜上，IPECs嵌插在原始的RPECs间，且形成完整的单层。结论CFDA-SE是一种快捷、稳定、安全的活体细胞染料，在IPECs移植中可作为理想的标记物应用；我们首次使用的单通道内路移植方法具有手术快捷简单、安全、并发症少等优点。[眼科新进展2007；27（3）：165-169】     

Effects of organophosphorus pesticides and their ozonation byproducts on gap junctional intercellular communication in rat liver cell line.

The effects of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), oxons and their ozonation byproducts on gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) on cultured BRL cell line were investigated using scrape loading and dye transfer (SL/DT) technique. The neutral red uptake assay was used to identify the non-cytotoxic levels of diazinon, parathion and methyl-parathion applied to GJIC assay. The concentration-dependent inhibition of GJIC was observed over a range of 50-350 mg/l diazinon, parathion and methyl-parathion after 90 min incubation compared with the vehicle control. However, oxons and ozonation byproducts of OPs had no inhibition effect on GJIC at any of the concentrations tested. The inhibition of GJIC by OPs was reversible after removal of the tested pesticides followed by incubation with fresh medium. The present study suggested that the ozonation treatment could be used for the detoxification of drinking water and food crops contaminated with diazinon, parathion and methyl-parathion without formation of GJIC toxicity.     

维药白刺总生物碱的含量测定

目的研究维药白刺总生物碱在不同部位的含量变化。方法采用酸碱提取法提取总碱,以硫酸阿托品为对照品,酸性染料比色法测定白刺总生物碱的含量。结果西伯利亚白刺(Nitraria sibirica Pall.)总生物碱含量分别是:叶子0.570%、成熟果实0.022%、未成熟果实0.004%;唐古特白刺(Nitraria.tangutorum Bobr.)总生物碱含量分别是:叶中0.024%、成熟果实中0.021%、未成熟果实中0.019%。结论白刺叶总生物碱含量最高,成熟果实次之,而未成熟果实中生物碱含量最少。     

子宫输卵管碘油造影术在评价输卵管状况中的诊断价值

目的:评价子宫输卵管碘油造影(HSG)在检查不孕患者输卵管状况中的应用价值。方法:65例HSG检查异常的不孕患者,行腹腔镜检查术+输卵管美兰通液术,比较HSG结果与腹腔镜下检查结果。结果:HSG诊断输卵管积水的敏感度和特异度分别为92.00%和98.10%,诊断输卵管近段阻塞的敏感度和特异度分别为40.00%和93.91%,诊断输卵管伞部粘连的敏感度和特异度分别为62.16%和80.36%,诊断输卵管周围粘连(盆腔粘连)的敏感度和特异度分别为73.68%和31.430%。结论:HSG对输卵管积水有较高的诊断价值,对伞端粘连有中等意义的价值,对输卵管近端梗阻、输卵管周围粘连(盆腔粘连)的阳性预测价值较小。     

强脉冲光联合脉冲染料激光治疗鲜红斑痣的临床疗效分析

目的：探讨强脉冲光（IPL）联合脉冲染料激光（PDL）治疗紫红型和增厚型鲜红斑痣的治疗效果。方法：回顾性分析2004年7月-2007年6月在本院整形美容外科用强脉冲光联合脉冲染料激光治疗紫红型和增厚型鲜红斑痣的患者175例，总结其治疗方案、治疗次数、皮损性质等与疗效的关系以及不良反应的发生。结果：175例紫红型和增厚型患者分别先经IPL治疗3次，再用PDL治疗，治疗间隔2～3月，共经过4～8次的治疗，其治疗8次后总有效率和治愈率分别达到51．43％（90／175）和14．29％（25／175），且4～8次的治疗中，治疗次数越多，活疗效果越好（P〈0．05）。175例患者中，1．14％（2／175）出现增生性瘢痕，1．71％（3／175）出现色素减退，2．86％（5／175）出现色素沉着。结论：强脉冲光（IPL）联合脉；中染料激光（PDL）治疗紫红型和增厚型鲜红斑痣疗效可靠。并发症少、是目前治疗紫红型和增厚型鲜红癍痣的最常见的治疗方法。