Predictors of condom use behaviour among male street labourers in urban Vietnam using a modified Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model

HIV risk in vulnerable groups such as itinerant male street labourers is often examined via a focus on individual determinants. This study provides a test of a modified Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model to predict condom use behaviour among male street workers in urban Vietnam. In a cross-sectional survey using a social mapping technique, 450 male street labourers from 13 districts of Hanoi, Vietnam were recruited and interviewed. Collected data were first examined for completeness; structural equation modelling was then employed to test the model fit. Condoms were used inconsistently by many of these men, and usage varied in relation to a number of factors. A modified IMB model had a better fit than the original IMB model in predicting condom use behaviour. This modified model accounted for 49% of the variance, versus 10% by the original version. In the modified model, the influence of psychosocial factors was moderately high, whilst the influence of HIV prevention information, motivation and perceived behavioural skills was moderately low, explaining in part the limited level of condom use behaviour. This study provides insights into social factors that should be taken into account in public health planning to promote safer sexual behaviour among Asian male street labourers.     

野战医疗队配属陆军部队跨区演练实践

对医院野战医疗队与部队卫生机构联合编组救护所参加大型跨区演练活动进行总结，并梳理联合救护所在演训和保障过程中存在的问题和困难，具有较好的现实参考意义，丰富我军卫勤部队与部队卫勤联合演训的理论。     

A conceptual model and detailed framework for stress-related,strain-related,and overuse athletic injury

A multitude of athletic injuries occur when the various tissues that make up the human body experience stresses and strains that exceed their material strength. The precise amount of stress and strain that any given tissue can withstand is determined by the mechanical properties and resultant strength of that particular tissue. These mechanical properties are directly determined by an individual’s physiology and acute regulation of these properties. A number of theoretical frameworks for athletic injury occurrence have been proposed, however, a detailed conceptual framework for injury aetiology that considers the interplay between the physiological and mechanical factors and outlines the causal pathways to tissue damage and injury is needed. This will guide injury research towards a more thorough investigation of causal mechanisms and understanding of risk factors. Further, it is important to take into account the considerable differences in loading patterns which can result in varying injury outcomes such as acute stress-related, strain-related, or overuse injury. Within this article a simplified conceptual model of athletic injury is proposed along with a detailed, evidence-informed, conceptual framework for athletic injury aetiology that focuses on stress-related, strain-related, and overuse injury.     

A new mouse model for the neurodevelopmental ciliopathy Joubert syndrome

Recent recognition of the key role of primary cilia in orchestrating human development and of the dire consequences of their dysfunction on human health has placed this small organelle in the spotlight. While the causal link between mutations in ciliary genes and central nervous system malformations and dysfunction is well established, the mechanisms by which primary cilia dysfunction acts on development and function of the CNS remain partly unknown. The recent article by Bashford and Subramanian in The Journal of Pathology describes a new mouse model for the neurodevelopmental ciliopathy Joubert syndrome, supporting a role for ciliary-mediated Hedgehog signaling on proliferation, survival, and differentiation of cerebellar granule cell progenitors. © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

师承教育在医教协同创新中医人才培养中的作用

中医师承教育是当今社会中医传承的主要方式,其培养了大量的中医优秀人才,促进中医药文化和中医学术思想传播,是现代中医药发展不可缺少的组成部分。但近代以来,人们脑海中逐渐形成了以西方医学为体系的思维模式时,中医学教育该如何的发展与传承。针对这一现象,我们分析了现代院校教育与师承教育的特点,阐述师承教育在现代中医人才培养中的作用,以期探讨高等中医药院校教育改革的模式。     

翻转课堂教学法在天然药物化学实验中的应用

目的利用翻转课堂教学法改进传统的天然药物化学实验课教学模式,提高该课程的教学效果。方法从实验教学的课程设计与开发,课前自主学习、课中内化及课后评估和讨论等环节进行了一系列的探讨与改革。结果翻转课堂教学模式为解决学生长期以来在天然药物化学实验课中缺乏主动参与性、探索性等问题提供一剂良方。结论在天然药物化学实验课教学中引入翻转课堂教学模式的初步探索为天然药物化学实验课的改革提供了依据和思路。     

针药并用治疗双心疾病的应用

随着对于双心疾病研究的加深,西医疗法的弊端也开始显现。而中医因其理论架构中早就有对于“心主血脉”和“心主神明”的认识,因此在双心疾病的治疗上有着先天的优势。同时近些年中医疗法的结合应用也取得不错的成绩,本文通过对于双心疾病的病例分析,来研讨这种治疗手段的合理性和先进性。     

Sensory evoked potentials in patients with Rett syndrome through the lens of animal studies: Systematic review

ObjectiveSystematically review the abnormalities in event related potential (ERP) recorded in Rett Syndrome (RTT) patients and animals in search of translational biomarkers of deficits related to the particular neurophysiological processes of known genetic origin (MECP2 mutations).MethodsPubmed, ISI Web of Knowledge and BIORXIV were searched for the relevant articles according to PRISMA standards.ResultsERP components are generally delayed across all sensory modalities both in RTT patients and its animal model, while findings on ERPs amplitude strongly depend on stimulus properties and presentation rate. Studies on RTT animal models uncovered the abnormalities in the excitatory and inhibitory transmission as critical mechanisms underlying the ERPs changes, but showed that even similar ERP alterations in auditory and visual domains have a diverse neural basis. A range of novel approaches has been developed in animal studies bringing along the meaningful neurophysiological interpretation of ERP measures in RTT patients.ConclusionsWhile there is a clear evidence for sensory ERPs abnormalities in RTT, to further advance the field there is a need in a large-scale ERP studies with the functionally-relevant experimental paradigms.SignificanceThe review provides insights into domain-specific neural basis of the ERP abnormalities and promotes clinical application of the ERP measures as the non-invasive functional biomarkers of RTT pathophysiology.     

Content analysis of media coverage of breastfeeding in Mexico

Media can be a powerful communication tool to promote breastfeeding programs, influence mother's breastfeeding behaviour, and generate support among stakeholders for breastfeeding. Yet, there is little information on how media coverage influences a country's breastfeeding enabling environment. This study addressed this gap by conducting a retrospective content analysis of documents published between January 1, 2017 and January 1, 2018 to analyse the media coverage related to breastfeeding in Mexico. Content analysis was based on the breastfeeding gear model and a strategic planning technique to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for enabling the national breastfeeding environment. Media coverage of breastfeeding was more frequent in August (36% of all documents). The top three topics commonly covered by the media were advocacy events promoting breastfeeding, promotion campaigns, and changes in breastfeeding legislation and policy. In general, the media coverage focused on strengths of specific breastfeeding policies. There was limited news coverage of key factors that negatively influenced or threatened the breastfeeding environment. Findings support the need to design strategies to engage the media covering in more depth and breadth diverse aspects of breastfeeding protection, promotion, and support efforts in Mexico.