"管氏培元九宫"针法治疗功能性阳痿疗效观察

目的观察"管氏培元九宫"针法治疗功能性阳痿的临床疗效。方法将60例功能性阳痿患者按随机数字表法随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例。治疗组采用"管氏培元九宫"穴,按"洛书九宫数"施行针刺治疗;对照组口服复方玄驹胶囊。观察两组治疗前后国际勃起功能指数-5(IIEF-5)评分,并比较临床疗效。结果治疗组总有效率为80.0%,对照组为70.0%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组治疗后IIEF-5评分高于治疗前和对照组(P<0.05)。结论"管氏培元九宫"针法对功能性阳痿具有较好临床疗效。     

肠道菌群与恶性肿瘤的研究进展

人类微生物群是由寄生在人体上皮屏障的细菌和其他微生物组成的，其中大部分位于肠道内，与宿主之间形成共生的关系。机体肠道微生物的组成虽然受到年龄、饮食、生活方式等因素的影响，但在正常生理情况下是相对稳定的。近年来，肠道菌群与恶性肿瘤的关系越来越受到重视。肠道菌群不但能够维持局部稳态，还能调节机体代谢、炎症和免疫等生理过程。有研究表明，微生物群，特别是肠道菌群能够显著调节机体对癌症治疗的反应性以及机体对毒副反应的敏感性。检查肠道菌群中各菌种之间的比例可作为筛查恶性肿瘤的新方法。本文将综述微生物群具有影响肿瘤的发生发展、抗肿瘤治疗疗效以及药物不良反应的证据，以及其中所涉及的微生物种类，从而为恶性肿瘤精准治疗提供证据。     

丹参川芎嗪注射液联合西药对急性缺血性脑卒中患者脑组织的保护作用及对预后的影响

目的:观察丹参川芎嗪注射液联合西药治疗对急性缺血性脑卒中患者脑组织的保护作用及对预后的影响。方法:以268例急性缺血性脑卒中患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各134例,2组均予西药治疗,研究组予以丹参川芎嗪注射液联合治疗,2组均随访至12周。治疗前后检测2组患者的血清炎症相关因子[超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6 (IL-6)、白细胞介素-8 (IL-8)]、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)和S-100β水平,随访评定患者治疗12周内的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分和日常生活能力量表(BI)评分。结果:治疗3周,2组hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平均低于入院时(P<0.01);研究组各因子水平均低于对照组(P<0.01)。2组血清NSE和S-100β水平均较入院时降低(P<0.01),而VEGF水平较入院时升高(P<0.01)。研究组血清NSE和S-100β水平均低于对照组,VEGF水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2组治疗后一时间点的NIHSS评分均低于同组治疗前一时间点(P<0.01),而2组治疗后一时间点的BI评分均高于同组治疗前一时间点水平(P<0.01)。治疗6周和12周,研究组的NIHSS评分均低于对照组(P<0.01),而BI评分均高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:丹参川芎嗪注射液联合西药治疗可以有效减轻急性缺血性脑卒中患者的血管炎症反应程度、血管内皮细胞和脑组织的损伤程度,促进大脑神经细胞修复,提高患者卒中后的生活能力,防止卒中后肢体发生功能障碍,改善患者预后。     

Evaluation of neurobehavioral abnormalities and immunotoxicity in response to oral imidacloprid exposure in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)

ABSTRACT

Domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) were exposed to imidacloprid by gavage once daily for 7 consecutive days at 0, 0.03, 0.34, 3.42, 10.25, and 15.5 mg/kg/day (n = 20 per group; 5 6-week-old males, 5 6-week-old females, 5 9-week-old males, and 5 9-week-old females). The severity and duration of neurobehavioral abnormalities were recorded. Components of the innate and adaptive immune system were assessed with 7 standard functional assays. Temporary neurobehavioral abnormalities were observed in a dose-dependent manner, including muscle tremors, ataxia, and depressed mentation. Based upon mean clinical severity scores, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) was 3.42 mg/kg/day, and the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) was 10.25 mg/kg/day. The effective dose value for the presence of any neurobehavioral abnormalities in 50% of the test group (ED₅₀) was 4.62 ± 0.98 mg/kg/day. The ED₅₀ for an adjusted score that included both severity and duration of neurobehavioral abnormalities was 11.24 ± 9.33 mg/kg/day. These ED₅₀ values are equivalent to a 1 kg bird ingesting 29 or 70 imidacloprid treated soybean seeds respectively. Immunotoxicity was not documented, possible causes include the assays were insensitive, relevant immune functions were not examined, or imidacloprid is not immunotoxic at this dosing schedule in this species. Neurobehavioral abnormalities were a more sensitive indicator of the sublethal effects of imidacloprid than immunotoxicity.     

Pharmacotherapeutic strategies for critical asthma syndrome: a look at the state of the art

ABSTRACT

Introduction

‘Critical Asthma Syndrome’ (CAS) is an umbrella term proposed to include several forms of asthma, responsible for acute and life-threatening exacerbations. CAS requires urgent and adequate supportive and pharmacological treatments to prevent serious outcomes.     

The primary health care physician and the cancer patient: tips and strategies for managing sexual health

There is a large and growing population of long-term cancer survivors. Primary care physicians (PCPs) are playing an increasingly greater role in the care of these patients across the continuum of cancer survivorship. In this role, PCPs are faced with the responsibility of managing a range of medical and psychosocial late effects of cancer treatment. In particular, the sexual side effects of treatment which are common and have significant impact on quality of life for the cancer survivor, often go unaddressed. This is an area of clinical care and research that has received increasing attention, highlighted by the presentation of this special issue on Cancer and Sexual Health. The aims of this review are 3-fold. First, we seek to overview common presentations of sexual dysfunction related to major cancer diagnoses in order to give the PCP a sense of the medical issues that the survivor may present with. Barriers to communication about sexual health issues between patient/PCPs in order are also described in order to emphasize the importance of PCPs initiating this important conversation. Next, we provide strategies and resources to help guide the PCP in the management of sexual dysfunction in cancer survivors. Finally, we discuss case examples of survivorship sexual health issues and highlight the role that a PCP can play in each of these case examples.     

不同波形低频率电刺激对小鼠海马电点燃癫痫的作用比较

目的观察比较不同脉冲波形的低频率电刺激对海马电点燃癫痫模型小鼠的作用差异。方法采用电点燃刺激法建立小鼠癫痫模型, 观察正弦波、单相方波、双相方波低频率电刺激对模型小鼠癫痫行为发作及后放电持续时间的影响, 并比较不同时间点给予正弦波低频率电刺激的抗癫痫作用。结果与对照组比较, 正弦波低频率电刺激30 s能降低小鼠海马电点燃癫痫发作等级(2.85 ± 0.27 vs 4.75 ±0.12, P < 0.05)、减少大发作概率(53.6% vs 96.5%, P < 0.01) 和缩短后放电持续时间[(16.22 ± 1.69) s vs (30.29 ± 1.12) s, P < 0.01], 而单相方波和双相方波低频率电刺激30 s没有明显的抗癫痫作用。常用的单相方波低频率电刺激15 min能降低小鼠海马电点燃发作等级(3.58 ± 0.16, P < 0.05)、减少大发作概率(66.7%, P < 0.01);但对海马后放电持续时间及大发作持续时间无影响(均 P>0.05)。此外, 电点燃刺激前预先给予或结束后3 s内给予正弦波低频率电刺激具有明显的抗癫痫作用( P < 0.05或 P < 0.01), 而电点燃刺激结束10 s给予正弦波低频率电刺激则无上述抗癫痫作用。 结论低频率电刺激抗癫痫作用受波形参数的影响, 其中正弦波低频率电刺激能有效抑制小鼠海马电点燃癫痫的发作。     

丙泊酚麻醉对老龄大鼠认知功能和海马神经元γ-氨基丁酸A受体表达的影响

目的观察丙泊酚麻醉对老龄大鼠认知功能及海马神经元γ-氨基丁酸A(GABA)受体表达的影响。方法50只SD老年大鼠随机分为丙泊酚组和对照组,每组25只。丙泊酚组大鼠腹腔注射1%丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液6 mL/kg,对照组腹腔注射等体积的生理盐水。麻醉后1 d进行Morris水迷宫实验,分别采用HE染色和尼氏体染色观察海马区神经细胞及尼氏体(Nissl体)形态学变化,Western Blot检测GABA蛋白量表达。结果麻醉后,2组大鼠肛温、心率、呼吸频率、血氧饱和度比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随着实验时间的延长,2组大鼠逃逸潜伏期、总里程数逐渐减小,丙泊酚组大鼠各时间点逃逸潜伏期、总里程均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。丙泊酚组大鼠穿越平台区域次数、时间小于、短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组海马区Nissl体存在于细胞浆及树突,染色较深,神经细胞排列整齐,形态规则;丙泊酚组Nissl体消失,神经细胞数量减少,细胞核破裂、丢失。丙泊酚组大鼠海马GABA蛋白表达量低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论丙泊酚对大鼠认知功能有影响,并与海马区GABA的表达相关。