Bidirectional Relations of Impulsive Personality and Alcohol Use Across Three Waves of Data Collection

Objective: To explore the bidirectional relations between alcohol use and three impulsive personality traits, to advance understanding of risk processes. Participants: 525 college students (mean age = 18.95 years) recruited in August 2008 and 2009 and followed up annually for three years. Methods: Personality and past/current substance use were assessed. Results: T2 sensation seeking mediated the predictive relationship between T1 and T3 alcohol use, and T2 alcohol use mediated the predictive relationship between T1 and T3 sensation seeking. In addition, T2 alcohol problems mediated the predictive relationship between T1 alcohol use and T3 negative urgency. Conclusions: Findings support a bidirectional relationship between sensation seeking and alcohol use, and drinking anticipates drinking problems, which predict increases in negative urgency. For some individuals, there appears to be an ongoing process of increased risk in the form of increases in both drinking and high-risk personality traits.     

基于人体微观生理大数据的主动感知临床应用研究

介绍人体微观生理系统及大数据线性规划模型的建立，阐述主动感知临床应用的处理算法，对系统性能进行验证，多位患者的一周内临床应用实验证明该方案在算法能耗、数据精度和临床满意度等方面均表现优秀。     

Personality correlates of pro-environmental attitudes

There is considerable scientific interest in the psychological correlates of pro-environmental attitudes and concerns. While much research has focused on demographic and social-psychological characteristics of individuals with pro-environmental attitudes, our study explores the relations between personality traits and pro-environmental behaviours. The study found that Honesty, Agreeableness, Openness, Proactive personality and Pro-environmental attitude predict environmental behaviour. The main implication of the study is the fact that responsible environmental behaviour could be enhanced through programmes focused on the increase of the environmental awareness and the development of a more pro-ecological view.     

Impulsiveness in borderline personality disorder predicts the long-term outcome of a psychodynamic treatment programme

Despite the preponderance of treatment outcome predictors in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), the predictive value of measures of impulsiveness is inconclusive. This naturalistic study consecutively included hospitalized patients with BPD (N = 99) who underwent a standardized and structured 12-week inpatient treatment programme, which integrated cognitive-behavioural and psychodynamic elements. The Brief Symptom Checklist (BSCL) was applied as outcome measure over four time points: pretreatment, posttreatment, first follow-up at 6 to 8 weeks and second follow-up at 1 year after discharge. Impulsiveness was measured using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) at the pretreatment time point. The BSCL significantly decreased between pretreatment and posttreatment, followed by an increase after posttreatment without reaching pretreatment extent. The temporal course of the BSCL significantly varied with pretreatment BIS in that patients with higher impulsiveness revealed a stronger re-increase of symptom severity from posttreatment to end of follow-up than those with lower impulsiveness. The least impulsive patients thereby showed no rebound effect. The robustness of the results was examined by cross-validation. The results indicate that irrespective of the level of impulsiveness, patients with BPD profit from a structured inpatient treatment. However, long-term treatment success was impaired in patients with high level of impulsiveness at pretreatment. Thus, self-ratings of impulsiveness in BPD patients can be utilized for treatment planning. After discontinuation of interventions, relapse prevention should be implemented early in high impulsive patients as symptoms recrudesce in the course after discharge.     

Psychotropic Drug Use Among the Elderly: Risk Factors Involved in Long-Term Use

This study explores the environmental, clinical, and personality factors that are associated with increased chronic psychotropic drug consumption in elderly patients. We collected data from 88 elderly individuals living in nursing homes, home-dwellings, and residential homes between December 2003 and June 2004. We assessed each subject's (1) current (previous four weeks) and chronic (>90 days) psychotropic drug consumption, (2) mood and anxiety (GHQ), and (3) personality (Temperament and Character Inventory). We found that 63% of the elderly subjects studied had used psychotropic drugs at least once and that one out of three elderly chronically consumed psychotropic drugs. Personality factors like harm avoidance and low level of persistence seem to be associated with chronic consumption.     

麻醉科围术期专科数据库的建设和应用

分析基于大数据平台的麻醉科围术期专科数据库辅助临床决策的技术方案和实践经验。阐述基于大数据平台的麻醉科围术期专科数据库的应用形式,介绍如何构建高质量、可计算的围术期大数据知识架构和实践流程,并在围术期并发症的提取场景中得以应用。大数据技术在围术期专科数据库的开发和应用,可以为手术科医师提供精准、高效、便捷的围术期并发症提取、危险因素分析和预测模型。对于提高患者围术期的安全性、改善患者的预后以及建立危险因素预测模型起着重要的作用。     

Associations of eating alone with type D personality,depression and rejection sensitivity among South Korean university students

Purpose: To identify the associations of eating alone with type D personality, depression, and rejection sensitivity among South Korean university students. Design and Methods: Data were collected from 370 students recruited from five universities using a self-reported questionnaire. Findings: Eating alone had significant correlations with type D personality and depression. Significant factors affecting eating alone were age, place of residence, type D personality, and depression. These factors accounted for 17% in eating alone. Implications for Nursing Practice: There is a need for interventional programs that can reduce the negative effects of eating alone and prevent depression among students with type D personality.