Intracytoplasmic Lumina in Human Oviduct Epithelium

Intracytoplasmic lumina (ICL) in human oviduct epithelium were investigated with transmission electron microscopy. ICL were found in 43 out of 60 cases examined. They were ultra-structurally characterized by microvilli lining the lumina, periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate (PA-TCH-SP) staining-positive finely granular material in the lumina, and secretory vesicles in the cytoplasm surrounding the lumina. Although ICL were observed at various heights within the epithelium, they were mainly seen in basally located cells that did not face the oviduct lumen. Various stages of formation and development of ICL were observed in the basally located epithelial cells with secretory activities. Primary ICL were originated in the cytoplasm where the secretory granules were aggregated with smooth-surfaced tubular vesicles. Electron microscopic observations after PA-TCH-SP staining revealed that ICL were formed by fusion of the secretory granules with the tubular vesicles. ICL were enlarged into round profiles by further fusion of secretory granules and tubular vesicles, and subsequently opened to the oviduct lumen, or fused to each other to develop into large extracellular cysts within the epithelium.     

经皮弧式椎间盘切除器械治疗腰5骶1椎间盘突出症初步报告

采用经皮弧式椎间盘切除器械治疗Ｌ_５～Ｓ_１椎间盘突出症２２例，２１例成功。术后优良率为８６．４％。该器械能够避开髂嵴阻挡进入Ｌ_５～Ｓ_１椎间隙，并增加椎间盘切除量，提高经皮Ｌ_５～Ｓ_１椎间盘切除成功率。定位正确是成功的关键。     

人乳头瘤病毒16型DNA转化人胚肺细胞的实验研究

人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的16,18,31,33型等与宫颈癌的发病有关,其中HPV16与宫颈癌关系密切。为进一步研究HPV16的致癌性,我们用克隆的HPV16 DNA(2μg/10~5细胞)转染体外培养的人胚肺细胞,并进行了细胞存活时间、血清依赖性、着壁依赖性、间接免疫酶检测、HPV16 DNA、同源序列检测、染色体核型等生物学的研究。结果表明,转染细胞存活时间延长、在软琼脂培养基中形成集落、HPV16特异抗原得以表达、HPV16 DNA的同源序列存在于细胞中。表明本实验用HPV16DNA转染的人胚肺细胞具备转化细胞的某些特征,HPV16有使人胚肺细胞转化的作用。     

Opioid inhibition of cholinergic transmission in the guinea-pig ileum is independent of intracellular cyclic AMP

This study examined whether the inhibitory actions of opioids in the guinea-pig ileum were influenced by agents which mimic or elevate intracellular cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophospate (cyclic AMP) levels. In longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus preparations, the mu agonist, [D-Ala², NMePhe⁴,Gly-ol⁵]enkephalin (DAGO) and the kappa agonist, dynorphin A-(1–13) depressed contractions of the longitudinal muscle evoked by electrical stimulation of myenteric neurons. Mean IC₅₀ values were 19 and 2.8 nM for DAGO and dynorphin, respectively. Neither forskolin, cholera toxin nor dibutyryl cyclic AMP affected significantlythe IC₅₀s for the opioid agonists. The experiments suggest that μ and agonists inhibit excitatory cholinergic transmission to the longitudinal muscle by intracellular effector mechanisms that do not involve cyclic AMP.     

Inhibitory effect of fluoride on the secretion of insulin

Summary The oral administration of sodium fluoride (NaF) (40 μmol/100 body weight [bw]) to fasting rats produced an immediate fall in insulin levels and the consequent increase in glycemia. These phenomena were observed with plasma fluoride concentrations 5–15 μM. Glycemia and insulin returned to normal levels within 4–5 hours, together with the washing out of fluoride from plasma and soft tissues. The insulin secretion of isolated Langerhans islets, perifused with solutions containing 5, 10, or 20 μM fluoride, was found to be significantly inhibited as a function of fluoride levels, both with basal and stimulatory concentrations of glucose. One hour after the intake of 60 mg of NaF, fasting human volunteers showed increased fluoride (5–15 μM) together with a significant fall of plasma insulin levels.     

Synthesis,Characterization, and in Vitro Stability of Chitosan-Methotrexate Conjugates

Pharmaceutical Research -     

Effects of decentralization on the levels of GAP-43 and p38 (synaptophysin) in sympathetic adrenergic neurons: a semi-quantitative study using immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy

The distribution of GAP-43 in superior cervical ganglion (SCG) and iris were studied in normal animals and following decentralization using immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). GAP-43-like immunoreactivity (LI) was compared with p38 (synaptophysin)-LI, and tyrosin hydroxylase (TH)-LI. In the control SCG, GAP-43-LI and p38-LI were mainly localized in nerve terminals around the principal neurons. The neuronal perikarya were negative for GAP-43, but positive for p38 in a perinuclear zone, as well as positive for TH. SIF cells (Small Intensely Fluorescent cells, ganglionic interneurons) were positive for GAP-43, TH and p38. One day after decentralization, GAP-43-LI and p38-LI in nerve terminals around principal neurons had disappeared. Some of the principal neurons showed a weak GAP-43-immunoreactivity. Three days post-decentralization, GAP-43- and p38-positive nerve terminals around the neurons had reappeared in considerable numbers and the intra-ganglionic nerve bundles were positive for both antibodies. In the control irides, GAP-43-LI and p38-LI were distributed in a varicose pattern in the nerve bundles, around blood vessels and in the network of terminals. Double labelling studies showed that GAP-43-LI was colocalized with TH-LI and p38-LI. The network of terminals in the dilator plate of the irides was quantified by measuring the fluorescence intensity of randomly selected areas, using CLSM. Three days after decentralization the intensity of GAP-43-LI and p38-LI had significantly increased. TH-LI had decreased 8 days after decentralization. The results indicate that GAP-43-LI and p38-LI are normally present in the nerve fibers and terminals of both pre- and post-ganglionic neurons in adult rats. The expression of GAP-43-LI and p38-LI in post-ganglionic neurons is preganglionically regulated, as indicated by the increased expression after decentralization. The expression of p38 in these neurons is probably regulated via mechanisms that are separate from those which regulate GAP-43, since it showed a different time course than that of GAP-43-LI.     

Decreased R-R variation: A criterium for overdosage of tricyclic psychotropic drugs

Objective Since intoxication with tricyclic antidepressants is common, a supplementary screening method for differentiation between therapeutic and supratherapeutic ranges would be a valuable diagnositc tool, particularly in delirious and unconscious patientsSetting 109 patients treated with amitriptyline, 8 patients treated with doxepin, 10 patients treated with clozapine, and 72 normal control subjects matched for age and sex were tested for heart rate variability while resting.Results Considering time and frequency derived measures, which are rather independent of heart rate, the patients showed significantly decreased heart rate variability parameters (p<0.0001), as compared with the normal subjects. Of the patients presenting delirious symptoms 6 showed coefficients of variation more than 4 standard deviations below the mean control value.Conclusions As heart rate variability can be easily calculated, this measurement is suggested as a useful tool to quickly exclude or support the diagnosis of chronic intoxication with tricyclic antidepressants or clozapine.     

卡托普利对.OH所致异常血流动力学的保护作用

．ＯＨ生成液０．０５ｍｌ．１００ｇ＾－１经胶静脉注入心脏，可使麻醉大鼠的左心室收缩压力、左心室压力与心率乘积、左心室压力上升最大速率和左心室压力下降最大速率明显下降。