孟文瑞《春脚集》学术特色

清代医家孟文瑞撰《春脚集》,共四卷,是一部综合性方剂类著作,临床实用性强。卷一至卷三以人体部位分部设篇,再按病证列方;卷四以内、外、妇、儿分设专篇选方。集历代成方、验方484首。《春脚集》将人体部位共分为十七部,方便读者按图索骥,根据病位、症状检索方剂,便于临床用药。全书选方体现了中医独具特色的“简、便、验”精髓。     

Kindergarten children's perspectives on play and learning

Practitioners in play-based learning contexts face the challenge of developing developmentally appropriate practices while meeting rigorous academic curriculum standards. To date, play and academic learning have been predominantly conceptualized from an adult perspective. Considering that children are key agents in classroom play contexts, it is important to understand their views on play and learning. The purpose of this study was to explore children’s perspectives on the connectedness between play and learning and understand whether their views are related to the play types observed in their classrooms. Photo elicitation interviews were conducted with 134 kindergarten students and 10 hours of observation were held in each of the 10 classrooms. Results indicate that children’s understanding of the connectedness between play and academic learning were related to teacher presence in play and the types of play environments available in their classrooms. Implications for practitioners and researchers alike are discussed.     

眼球摘除患者围手术期负性变化及护理对策

目的:探讨眼球摘除患者围手术期负性自动思维、自我接纳、社会支持的变化及护理对策。方法:将择期进行眼球摘除的80例患者随机分为观察组与对照组,每组各40例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上进行心理干预。在干预的第3、7周分别通过负性自动思维调查问卷(ATQ)、自我接纳调查问卷(SAQ)以及社会支持量表(SSRS)对两组患者进行测评,并对测评结果进行比较分析。结果:干预之前两组患者各项指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与干预前比较,对照组ATQ评分在第7周时明显降低(P<0.05),而观察组在第3周时就明显降低(P<0.05);两组患者的SAQ均有不同程度的升高,但观察组的较对照组升高幅度明显,且观察组在第3、7周时均明显优于对照组(P<0.05);对照组SSRS评分无变化(P>0.05),观察组明显升高(P<0.05),高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:通过实施心理干预可以显著降低眼球摘除患者围手术期负性自动思维水平,有效改善自我接纳情况,提高社会支持的程度,值得临床推广应用。     

GAO's governor vessel-regulating and collaterals-unblocking technique for headache

Governor vessel-regulating and collaterals-unblocking technique is a specific acupuncture therapy for treatment of headache of “GAO's acupuncture-moxibustion academic school in Yanzhao land (around Hebei Province area)”. This method is a specific acupuncture therapy for treatment of various types of headache through combining GAO's four groups of empirical paired acupoints with governor vessel-regulating needling, z?w?liúzhù acupoint opening needling and meridian sinew needling in Yanzhao land correctly according to the clinical conditions of patients. Immediate effect can be obtained, and the duration of treatment can be shortened through appropriate clinical application, so that good long-term effects can be obtained. In this paper, the specific manipulations and theoretical basis of this needling method will be illustrated, and two cases will be attached for explanation.     

What Can I Do With a Doctoral Degree in Gerontology? Expanding Your Options

An endless number of career trajectories are possible for gerontologists. With a growing aging population, our skills and areas of expertise are of high value to numerous industries. The purpose of this study is to describe the professional development and career trajectories of alumni of U.S. doctoral gerontology programs obtained through the Gerontology Education Longitudinal Study (GELS). Specifically, the authors examine how professional identification, doctoral program career preparation, and perception of job prospects affect alumni decisions to pursue “traditional” (i.e., academic) versus “nontraditional” (i.e., non-academic) careers. Results from the GELS revealed a fairly even split in the alumni sample of careers in traditional and nontraditional settings. The decision to pursue a traditional versus nontraditional career was not significantly associated with personal identification, doctoral program career preparation, or perception of employment options. These results suggest that the skill set obtained in doctoral gerontology programs is useful and is in demand in a variety of careers; therefore, doctoral programs may want to consider tailoring training to meet students’ future career goals in both academic and non-academic settings.     

国有资产在科研机构中管理措施探讨

国有资产是科研机构不断获得生存与发展的物质基础保障,对国有资产的有效管理及运作是提升科研机构综合服务水平及基础工作质量的必要前提和重要保障,是维持单位正常运作的关键。国有资产的管理工作必须以服务于科研机构为最大前提。本文简要阐释当前我国科研机构在国有资产管理工作中存在的主要问题,以及关于加强科研机构国有资产市场化运作的相关分析和具体措施研究,以供参考。     

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease

BackgroundIn patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), surgical aortic valve replacement is associated with higher early and late mortality, and adverse outcomes compared with patients without renal disease. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) offers another alternative, but there are limited reported outcomes.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine the outcomes of TAVR in patients with ESRD.MethodsAmong the first 72,631 patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) treated with TAVR enrolled in the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS)/American College of Cardiology (ACC) TVT (Transcatheter Valve Therapies) registry, 3,053 (4.2%) patients had ESRD and were compared with patients who were not on dialysis for demographics, risk factors, and outcomes.ResultsCompared with the nondialysis patients, ESRD patients were younger (76 years vs. 83 years; p < 0.01) and had higher rates of comorbidities leading to a higher STS predicted risk of mortality (median 13.5% vs. 6.2%; p < 0.01). ESRD patients had a higher in-hospital mortality (5.1% vs. 3.4%; p < 0.01), although the observed to expected ratio was lower (0.32 vs. 0.44; p < 0.01). ESRD patients also had a similar rate of major vascular complications (4.5% vs. 4.6%; p = 0.86), but a higher rate of major bleeding (1.4% vs. 1.0%; p = 0.03). The 1-year mortality was significantly higher in dialysis patients (36.8% vs. 18.7%; p < 0.01).ConclusionsPatients undergoing TAVR with ESRD are at higher risk and had higher in-hospital mortality and bleeding, but similar vascular complications, when compared with those who are not dialysis dependent. The 1-year survival raises concerns regarding diminished benefit in this population. TAVR should be used judiciously after full discussion of the risk-benefit ratio in patients on dialysis.