Experimental obesity and diabetes reduce male fertility: Potential involvement of hypothalamic Kiss-1, pituitary nitric oxide,serum vaspin and visfatin

Reproductive dysfunction is a common consequence of both obesity and diabetes. This study investigated the impact of obesity and diabetes, alone or combined, on physiological reproductive parameters in male rats. Twenty-four male Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups: Control; obese non-diabetic; diabetic; and obese diabetic. Obesity was provoked by consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) consisting of 40% energy from fat for 90 days. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin at a dose of 40 mg/kg/day for three consecutive days. Semen, histopathological, and morphometric analyses were carried out. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and vaspin and visfatin were measured using ELISA kits. Hypothalamic Kiss^-1 mRNA was detected using qPCR and pituitary nitric oxide (NO) was determined using Griess reagent. Our results showed a decrease in semen quality parameters, testosterone, and LH levels with degenerative changes in the testes in experimental groups when compared to control group. This had a positive correlation with hypothalamic Kiss^-1 and a negative correlation with pituitary NO and serum vaspin and visfatin. In addition, adverse effects were more pronounced in animals with obesity and diabetes combined compared to rats who were either diabetic or obese. In conclusion, obesity and diabetes, alone or combined, had a negative impact on male rat fertility. Moreover, obesity and diabetes combined had more harmful effects on male fertility when compared with obesity alone. Hypothalamic Kiss^-1, pituitary NO, and serum vaspin and visfatin may play a role in the pathophysiology of male infertility-associated with obesity and diabetes.     

血清TSP-1、PIVKA-Ⅱ及visfatin检测在原发性肝癌诊断中的应用评价

目的研究血清凝血酶敏感蛋白(thrombospondin 1,TSP-1)、凝血酶原(protein-Ⅱinduced by vitamin Kabsence,PIVKA-Ⅱ)及内脂素(visfatin)检测在原发性肝癌诊断中的应用。方法选取2012年2月-2013年2月112例在本院住院的肝癌患者为疾病组,另选本院同期体检正常者112例为对照组,2组血清TSP-1、PIVKA-Ⅱ及visfatin水平,观察单独检测和联合检测诊断效能。结果疾病组患者血清PIVKA-Ⅱ及visfatin水平均显著高于对照组,TSP-1表达水平低于对照组;随着患者组织分化程度、TNM分期、肝内转移情况、淋巴结转移情况以及生存情况的恶化,患者的血清TSP-1水平明显下降,PIVKA-Ⅱ及visfatin表达水平明显上升;患者的组织分化程度、TNM分期、肝内转移情况以及淋巴结转移情况、生存情况与TSP-1水平呈现负相关,与PIVKA-Ⅱ及visfatin水平呈现正相关;联合检测患者的ROC曲线下面积分别大于单独检测;原发性肝癌患者血清TSP-1、PIVKA-Ⅱ及visfatin临界水平分别为65.13μg/ml、221.36 mAU/ml、36.79 ng/L。结论血清TSP-1、PIVKA-Ⅱ及visfatin联合检测对原发性肝癌诊断和预后具有良好的预测价值。     

滋肾调肝活血调周法联合二甲双胍片对PCOS患者内脂素及瘦素的影响研究

目的观察滋肾调肝活血调周法、二甲双胍片以及两者联合用药对PCOS患者的临床血清内脂素(Visfatin及瘦素(Leptin,LP)水平的影响。方法收集2016年1～10月我院妇科门诊PCOS患者共114例,辨证为肾虚肝郁型。随机分成三组,即中药组(37例)、西药组(38例)、中西药结合组(39例),统一治疗3个月。比较各组治疗前后Visfatin及LP的变化情况。结果治疗后,三组患者Visfatin及LP水平均有下降,其中中西药结合组下降更明显(P0.05)。西药组Visfatin较中药组下降更明显(P0.05),而中药组LP较西药组下降更明显(P0.05)。治疗前后,中药组Visfatin及西药组LP比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论滋肾调肝活血调周法联合二甲双胍片治疗PCOS患者,疗效显著,可显著降低其体内Visfatin及LP水平,这或是发挥其改善患者症状及体征的作用的内在机制。中西药结合治疗PCOS时,效果优于单一用药。     

饮食对肥胖大鼠骨关节炎的辅助治疗干预作用研究

目的 探讨饮食护理对肥胖大鼠骨关节炎（OA）大鼠行为学、脂代谢、关节形态及软骨中内脂素的作用。方法 90 只雄性SD 大鼠随机分为六组,除正常组及OA 模型组外,其余各组给予高脂高糖饲料,以内侧半月板切除和前交叉韧带切断的Hulth 法建立骨性关节炎模型,将饮食护理组给予脱脂饲料,同时关节腔注射玻璃酸钠进行治疗;无护理组仅进行玻璃酸钠治疗。肥胖模型组及肥胖OA 模型组在OA 模型成功建立的基础上仍给予高脂高糖饲料,连续12 周。饮食干预12 周后,对各组大鼠称重并量取体长,计算身体质量指数（BMI）;检测大鼠自主活动、抓力、总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）水平;观察大鼠膝关节软骨组织形态学变化,检测Visfatin 血清含量水平及软骨组织Visfatin 的蛋白表达。结果 饮食护理组大鼠的体重、BMI、血清TC、TG、LDL-C、Visfatin 含量水平及膝关节软骨组织Visfatin 蛋白表达显著低于肥胖OA 模型组;血清HDL-C 含量水平、活动次数、抓力显著高于肥胖OA 模型组。饮食护理组光镜下幼稚软骨细胞形态正常,损伤脱失明显改善。结论 饮食干预对肥胖OA 大鼠骨性关节炎具有保护作用,该作用可能与降低软骨组织visfatin 蛋白表达水平,改善OA 大鼠脂代谢有关。     

西格列汀对肥胖大鼠血清内脏脂肪素水平的影响研究

目的 观察西格列汀对肥胖大鼠代谢指标及血清内脏脂肪素水平的影响。方法 40只SD大鼠随机分为普通饲料喂养组(ND组,n=10)和高脂饲料喂养组(HD组,n=30)。16周后HD组成功建立肥胖模型(n=16),并随机分为肥胖对照组(OB组,n=8)和西格列汀干预组(SITA组,n=8)。分别测定干预前后各组大鼠体质量(BW)、空腹血糖(FBG)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TCH)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)及血清内脏脂肪素水平,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。结果 干预前,HD组的BW、FBG、TG、TCH、LDL-C、FINS、HOMA-IR、内脏脂肪素高于ND组,HDL-C低于ND组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,SITA组FBG、TG、TCH、LDL-C、FINS、HOMA-IR低于OB组,HDL-C高于OB组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清内脏脂肪素与BW、FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR、TCH、LDL-C呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论 高脂饮食诱导肥胖大鼠模型出现糖脂代谢紊乱及胰岛素抵抗,血清内脏脂肪素水平明显增加,西格列汀能下调血清内脏脂肪素水平,改善糖脂代谢,减轻胰岛素抵抗。     

Dexamethasone mediated downregulation of PGC-1α and visfatin regulates testosterone synthesis and antioxidant system in mouse testis

Dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid has been used as an immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory and affects reproduction. It has been suggested that testicular steroidogenesis involves PGC-1α and visfatin as key regulators. Previous studies have shown that dexamethasone down-regulates PGC-1α and visfatin expression in muscle and mammary epithelial cells respectively. However, the effect of dexamethasone on testicular visfatin and PGC-1α expressions has not been investigated. The aims of the present study were to investigate the effect of dexamethasone, on the expression of PGC-1α, visfatin and antioxidant enzymes activities in mouse testis. The results of the present study showed that dexamethasone treatment significantly decreased the expression of visfatin and PGC-1α in mice testis, along with significant decreased in testicular antioxidant enzymes activates. Further, dexamethasone treatment also significantly increased the testicular lipid peroxidation and decreased testosterone synthesis. The dexamethasone induced changes in PGC-1α and visfatin in the testis were significantly correlated with changes in serum testosterone concentrations and antioxidant enzymes activities. Thus, dexamethasone induced testicular toxicity may involve the PGC-1α and visfatin as important molecules to exhibit its effects.     

α-硫辛酸对2型糖尿病肾病患者 血清内脂素的影响研究

目的 探讨α-硫辛酸对2型糖尿病患者血清内脂素的影响。方法 选取2型糖尿病合并肾病患者90例,按照尿微量白蛋白/肌酐（尿ACR）分为微量蛋白尿硫辛酸治疗组（尿ACR 30~300 μg/mg）30例,微量蛋白尿常规治疗组30例,大量蛋白尿硫辛酸治疗组（尿ACR＞300 μg/mg）30例。常规治疗组给予降糖、降压治疗,硫辛酸治疗组分别在常规治疗基础上给予α-硫辛酸300 mg/d静脉滴注。疗程10 d。治疗前及疗程结束后测定所有参与者尿ACR及血清内脂素。结果 微量-常规组治疗后内脂素无改变（35.17±10.64 vs 33.28±9.51 pg/ml,P＞0.05）,尿ACR无改变（59.5±29.4 vs 60.14±32.51μg/mg,P＞0.05）;微量-硫辛酸组治疗后内脂素下降（33.31±9.5 vs 28.76±10.79 pg/ml,P＜0.01）,尿ACR无改变（62.09±35.1 vs 58.29±30.08 μg/mg,P＞0.05）;大量-硫辛酸组治疗后内脂素下降（65.7±17.0 vs 54.62±12.51 pg/ml,P＜0.01）,尿ACR无改变（459.1±103.5 vs 443.61±109.44 μg/mg,P＞0.05）。结论 α-硫辛酸治疗可以减低糖尿病肾病患者血清内脂素水平,但短疗程（10 d）硫辛酸治疗不能减少尿蛋白排泄率。     

Relations of Serum Visfatin and Resistin Levels with Endometrial Cancer and Factors Associated with its Prognosis

Background: The aims of this study were compare the serum visfatin and resistin levels between endometrialcancer (EC) patients and controls and evaluate their power to predict prognosis. Materials and Methods: Thisprospective study was conducted between March 2013 to June 2014 on the Gynecologic Oncology Departmentof the University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey. A total of 42 EC patients and 42 controls were included and assessedfor differences in serum visfatin and resistin levels, along with prognostic factors. Results: Endometrial cancerpatients had significantly higher visfatin levels than control s (p: 0.011), associated with deep myometrial invasion(p: 0.019). In contrast the serum level of resistin did not significantly differ between EC patients and controls (p:0.362). However, high resistin level in EC patients was associated with increase lymph node metastasis (p: 0.009).On logistic regression analysis, we found that serum visfatin elevation was associated with risk of myometrialinvasion (OR: 1,091; 95%CI: 1.021- 1.166; p: 0.010) and serum resistin with risk of lymph node metastasis(OR: 1.018; 95%CI: 1.000- 1.035; p: 0.046). For myometrial invasion prediction, a serum visfatin level greaterthan 26.8 ng/mL demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 66.6 % and 96.4%, respectively. For lymph nodemetastasis prediction, the best cut-off for serum resistin level was 599ng/mL. A serum resistin level greater thanthis demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 87.5% and 77.1%, respectively. Conclusions: Our data suggestthat serum visfatin is elevated in patients with EC and serum visfatin and resistin levels could be used to predictthe risk of advance stage lesions.     

Circulating Levels of Adipocytokines as Potential Biomarkers for Early Detection of Colorectal Carcinoma in Egyptian Patients

Background: Early detection of various kinds of cancers nowadays is needed including colorectal cancerdue to the highly significant effects in improving cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate thepotential value of adiponectin, visfatin and resistin as early biomarkers for colorectal cancer patients. Materialsand Methods: Serum levels of adiponectin, visfatin and resistin were measured by a sandwich-enzyme-linked(ELISA) assay technique in 114 serum samples comprising 34 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), 27 withcolonic polyps (CP), 24 with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and 29 healthy controls .The diagnostic accuracyof each serum marker was evaluated using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results:The mean concentration of adiponectin was significantly higher in CRC and CP groups than IBD and controlgroups (P-value <0.05). Also the mean concentration of serum resistin was significantly elevated in the IBD andcontrol groups compared to CRC and CP groups (P-value = 0.014). However, no significant difference was notedin patients of the CRC and CP groups. On the other hand, the mean concentration of visfatin was significantlyelevated in CRC and control groups compared to CP and IBD groups (P-value = 0.03). ROC analysis curves forthe studied markers revealed that between CRC and IBD groups serum level of adiponectin had a sensitivity of76.7% and a specificity of 76% at a cut off value of 3940, +LR being 3.2 and –LR 0.31 with AUC 0.852, while serumlevel of adiponectin between CP and IBD had a sensitivity of 77.8% and a specificity of 75% at a cut off value of3300, with +LR=3.11 and -LR = 0.3 with AUC 0.852. On the other hand the serum level of visfatin between CRCand CP groups had a sensitivity of 65.5% and a specificity of 66.7 at a cut off value of 2.4, +LR being 1.67 and-LR 0.52 with AUC 0.698. Also the serum level of resistin had a sensitivity of 62.5% and a specificity of 70.3%at a cut off value of 24500, with +LR=2.1 and -LR = 0.53 with AUC 0.685 between control and other groups.On the other hand by comparing control vs CP groups resistin had a sensitivity of 81.8% and a specificity of70.8% at a cut off value of 17700, with +LR=2.8 and -LR = 0.26 with AUC 0.763 while visfatin had a sensitivityof 68.2% and a specificity of 70.8% at a cut off value of 2.7, with +LR=2.34 and -LR = 0.0.45 with AUC 0.812.Conclusions: These findings support potential roles of adiponectin, visfatin and resistin in early detection ofCRC and discrimination of different groups of CRC, CP or IBD patients from normal healthy individuals.