七种媒介硬蜱基因组随机扩增多态性DNA分析

目的　研究7种硬蜱的基因组随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)以及种间的遗传距离。　方法　用5条不同的多聚核苷酸单链引物对草原革蜱、森林革蜱、青海血蜱、台湾血蜱、刻点血蜱、龟形花蜱、卵形硬蜱7种硬蜱基因组DNA进行随机扩增,分析DNA图谱并计算 7种硬蜱间的遗传距离。　结果　 7种硬蜱基因组随机扩增产物均有各自独特的DNA条带,种间的平均遗传距离为071。　结论　RAPD技术可以区分这7种硬蜱。     

Molecular analysis of Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from fowl cholera infection in backyard chickens

Objective

To characterize Pasteurella isolated from backyard chickens using whole cell protein lysate profiles and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) techniques to show their genetic relationship because Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) is an important cause of fatal infections in backyard chickens.

Methods

Twenty one P. multocida isolates were recovered previously from clinical cases of fowl cholera belonging to individual owners and phenotypically analyzed using biochemical tests and serotyping were used for the genetic characterization.

Results

Phylogenetic study based on both methods revealed that the recovered population of P. multocida isolated from backyard chickens differs markedly, constituting a well-separated cluster and appearance of 3 distinguishing lineages with greater discrimination shown by RAPD-PCR that resulted in two suclusters in cluster A and three subclusters in cluster B and were related greatly with capsular serogroups for the examined strains. The whole cell protein revealed the presence of dominant protein bands at approximately 41 and 61 kDa in all of the examined isolates that may be a virulent proteins share in the increasing of its pathogenicity. Clear distinctive bands ranged from 123 to 1 554 bp.

Conclusions

Based on the previous findings, there are three spreading clusters that may indicate the association of a small number of P. multocida variants with the majority of cases suggesting that certain clones of P. multocida are able to colonize the examined backyard chickens. Also, the ease and rapidity of RAPD-PCR support the use of this technique as alternative to the more labour-intensive SDS-PAGE system for strain differentiation and epidemiological studies of avian P. multocida. Further application of RAPD technology to the examination of avian cholera outbreaks in commercially available flocks may facilitate more effective management of this disease by providing the potential to investigate correlations of P. multocida genotypes, to identify affiliations between bird types and bacterial genotypes, and to elucidate the role of specific bird species in disease transmission.     

冠心病患者舌苔变化规律研究概况

冠心病患者不同分型舌苔间存在明显变化,准确辨识舌苔,在中医药治疗冠心病中发挥重要作用。本文综述了冠心病患者舌苔相关研究的进展,以及冠心病不同分型及不同中医证型舌苔的变化特点及比较。     

新生儿窒息的免疫学研究

探讨窒息缺氧对新生儿免疫功能的影响,为新生儿窒息复苏后易患感染性疾病的机理及治疗提供理论参考.方法 以正常新生儿为对照,检测了窒息新生儿外周血T淋巴细胞亚群、血清可溶性白细胞介素-2受体、免疫球蛋白及补体的变化.结果新生儿窒息后:(1)CD_4~+细胞减少,CD_8~+细胞增加,CD_4/CD_8比值降低(P<0.01、0.0025);而且重度窒息儿CD_3~+细胞亦明显减少(P相似文献   

拇收肌后间隙内独立肌束的形态学研究

解剖观察成人手标本94侧（左52，右42），在拇收肌后间隙内独立肌束的存在率为72．34％，肌束远端肌腿终止于拇收肌腱近侧及拇指指背腱膜，依肌束近端附着位置和状态分为第一掌骨型（57．35％，第二掌骨型（7．35％），掌筋膜型（5．88％）及混合型（29．42％），肌束由尺神经支配，可视为拇内收肌的重要协同肌。     

一例幼儿女尸之右肾及其血管变异

报告一例4岁左右女尸右肾及其血管变异。主要结果如下。1.右肾低于左肾达第5腰椎。外观呈锥体形。肾门绝大部分位于肾的前面,小部分在内侧缘。2.右肾动脉分4大支。其主干绕下腔静脉前面右行,依不同部位又反复分支入肾。3.肾副动脉仅限于右侧,属二支型。肾副动脉上支起于肠系膜上动脉下方腹主动脉右壁,肾副动脉下支由腹主动脉末端,左、右髂总动脉交界处稍上方发出。4.右肾静脉分上、下二支,收集范围和注入点互异。     

The nature,content and interpractice variation of general practice: A regional study in Italy

The activity of 34 general practitioners (GP) working in solo practices in six Local Health Units were assessed, as a preliminary step of a main study, to evaluate and possibly improve the quality of GP professional performance using peer review and feed-back information. A wide interpractice variation was observed in patient visit and patient visiting rates, drug and test prescribing, in- and out-patient referrals, as well as in the composition of the practice case-mix. The extent of interpractice variation for relevant actions in the process of care was unchanged after adjusting for case-mix, suggesting that case-mix differences have little effect in explaining differences among physicians' overall pattern of care and health care resource consumptions.     

国人胎儿脊柱发育的X线照相研究——Ⅰ.椎骨骨化中心的变异

用X线摄片的方法,对120例正常胎儿脊柱发育中所出现的变异,作了描述和分析。第七颈椎肋突存在独立骨化中心的发现较为多见(16％),占本文研究总数的1/6,其中双侧出现者为10％。腰椎肋突独立骨化中心的出现较为少见(1.6％)。椎体中心的初级骨化中心,影像清楚,外形各异。提示其在骨化之初,可能不只是一个初级骨化中心,而存在左、右和前、后向的2个或4个骨化中心。但未见有椎骨发育来自两个体节的变异。这些发现不支持脊柱发育的再分节理论。     

Circadian Variation in Plasma Homovanillic Acid Level During and After Alcohol Withdrawal in Alcoholic Patients

Alcohol withdrawal symptoms in alcoholics were objectively evaluated and classified into three groups according to the severity of their symptoms, and circadian variation in their plasma homovanillic acid (HVA) concentrations was determined at three different intervals after cessation of drinking. The subjects studied were 19 male alcoholic patients and five age-matched healthy male volunteers. Circadian variation in plasma HVA was compared between each patient group and the control group by two-way ANOVA. In the sympathetic overactivity (SO) group comprising nine patients and in the clouding of sensorium (CS) group comprising five patients, plasma HVA concentrations on the 2nd and 3rd day and on the 6th and 7th day after cessation of drinking were low but recovered almost normal levels on the 21st and 22nd postcessation day. The delirium tremens group (DT) comprising five patients, however, showed significantly higher plasma HVA than the control group except on the 6th and 7th postcessation day. The higher plasma HVA in the DT group indicates that there is some sort of preparatory state whereby dopamine metabolism is involved in the appearance of hallucinations at alcohol withdrawal and can possibly be used as a predictor of otherwise hardly predictable delirium tremens.