经皮闭合复位Pyrford式内固定术选择性治疗髌骨骨折

目的探讨经皮闭合复位Pyrford式张力带钢丝内固定术选择性治疗髌骨骨折的疗效。方法对28例髌骨骨折患者采用Pyrford式张力带钢丝进行闭合复位及固定。结果 28例均获随访,时间9~53个月。术后功能恢复良好,按Bostman髌骨骨折功能评定标准评分:优27例,中1例。结论经皮闭合复位Pyrford式内固定选择性治疗髌骨骨折手术创伤小,内固定稳定可靠,可早期行走,有利于骨折早期愈合,患者术后功能恢复好。     

自制踝足矫形带对痉挛型偏瘫脑性瘫痪足下垂患儿下肢运动功能的疗效

目的观察自制自制踝足矫形带对痉挛型偏瘫脑瘫足下垂患儿下肢运动功能的疗效。方法 24例痉挛型偏瘫脑瘫足下垂患儿随机分为观察组和对照组各12例。两组患儿均行常规康复训练,对照组行步态训练,观察组佩戴自制踝足矫形带行步态训练,共12周。治疗前后分别采用腓肠肌改良Ashworth量表(MAS)、踝关节主动背屈活动度(ROM)和粗大运动功能测量(GMFM-88)D区(站立)、E区(走跑跳)进行评定。结果治疗后,两组MAS评分明显降低(P0.01),观察组低于对照组(P0.05);两组ROM、GMFM-88的D区和E区评分均明显高于治疗前(P0.01),观察组高于对照组(P0.05)。结论佩戴自制踝足矫形带行步态训练能进一步降低痉挛型偏瘫脑瘫患儿患侧的腓肠肌张力,增加踝关节活动度,提高下肢运动功能。     

医用钛缆环扎加"8"字张力带内固定在髌骨骨折治疗中的应用

目的 探讨医用钛缆张力带在髌骨骨折中的应用价值.方法 2009年10月至2012年12月102例髌骨骨折,均遵循张力带原则,行环扎加"8"字张力带内固定术治疗,根据内固定材料分成医用钛缆组和带针钢丝组.比较两组术后首次锻炼时间、住院时间、医疗费用、并发症及远期膝关节功能情况.结果 102例患者术后随访10周~8个月,末次随访时骨折均达骨性愈合标准.两组患者在术后首次锻炼时间、住院时间方面无明显差异.医用钛缆组费用较高.医用钛缆组在并发症及远期膝关节功能上优于带针钢丝组.结论 医用钛缆在行张力带内固定治疗髌骨骨折具有内固定坚强、便于术后早期功能锻炼,弥补带针钢丝内固定强度不足的缺点.     

Effects of Deposition and Annealing Temperature on the Structure and Optical Band Gap of MoS2 Films

In this study, molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) film samples were prepared at different temperatures and annealed through magnetron sputtering technology. The surface morphology, crystal structure, bonding structure, and optical properties of the samples were characterized and analyzed. The surface of the MoS₂ films prepared by radio frequency magnetron sputtering is tightly coupled and well crystallized, the density of the films decreases, and their voids and grain size increase with the increase in deposition temperature. The higher the deposition temperature is, the more stable the MoS₂ films deposited will be, and the 200 °C deposition temperature is an inflection point of the film stability. Annealing temperature affects the structure of the films, which is mainly related to sulfur and the growth mechanism of the films. Further research shows that the optical band gaps of the films deposited at different temperatures range from 0.92 eV to 1.15 eV, showing semiconductor bandgap characteristics. The optical band gap of the films deposited at 200 °C is slightly reduced after annealing in the range of 0.71–0.91 eV. After annealing, the optical band gap of the films decreases because of the two exciton peaks generated by the K point in the Brillouin zone of MoS₂. The blue shift of the K point in the Brillouin zone causes a certain change in the optical band gap of the films.     

Electronic Structure and Surface Properties of Copper Thiocyanate: A Promising Hole Transport Material for Organic Photovoltaic Cells

Considering the significance of hexagonal copper thiocyanate (β-CuSCN) in several optoelectronic technologies and applications, it is essential to investigate its electronic structure and surface properties. Herein, we have employed density functional theory (DFT) calculations to characterise the band structure, density of states, and the energy-dependent X-ray photoelectron (XPS) valence band spectra at variable excitation energies of β-CuSCN. The surface properties in the absence and presence of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a solvent additive for improving perovskite solar cells’ power conversion efficiency, have also been systematically characterised. β-CuSCN is shown to be an indirect band gap material (E_g = 3.68 eV) with the valence band edge demonstrated to change from being dominated by Cu-3d at soft X-ray ionisation photon energies to Cu-3p at hard X-ray ionisation photon energies. The adsorption energy of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on the (100) and (110) β-CuSCN surfaces is calculated at −1.12 and −0.91 eV, respectively. The presence of DMSO on the surface is shown to have a stabilisation effect, lowering the surface energy and tuning the work function of the β-CuSCN surfaces, which is desirable for organic solar cells to achieve high power conversion efficiencies.     

Three-Year Experience of Pouch Dilatation and Slippage Management after Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding

Purpose

Pouch dilatation and band slippage are the most common long-term complications after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). The aim of the study is to present our experience of diagnosis and management of these complications.

Materials and Methods

The pars flaccida technique with anterior fixation of the fundus was routinely used. All band adjustments were performed under fluoroscopy. We analyzed the incidence, clinico-radiologic features, management, and revisional surgeries for treatment of these complications. We further presented the outcome of gastric plication techniques as a measure for prevention of these complications.

Results

From March 2009 to March 2012, we performed LAGB on 126 morbidly obese patients. Among them, 14 patients (11.1%) were diagnosed as having these complications. Four patients (3.2%) had concentric pouch dilatations, which were corrected by band adjustment. Ten (7.9%) had eccentric pouch with band slippage. Among the ten patients, there were three cases of posterior slippage, which were corrected by reoperation, and seven cases of eccentric pouch dilatation with anterior slippage. Three were early anterior slippage, which was managed conservatively. Two were acute anterior slippage, one of whom underwent a revision. There were two cases of chronic anterior slippage, one of whom underwent a revision. The 27 patients who underwent gastric plication did not present with eccentric pouch with band slippage during the follow-up period.

Conclusion

The incidence of pouch dilatation with/without band slippage was 11.1%. Management should be individualized according to clinico-radiologic patterns. Gastric plication below the band might prevent these complications.     

Overview of Surgical Scar Prevention and Management

Management of incisional scar is intimately connected to stages of wound healing. The management of an elective surgery patient begins with a thorough informed consent process in which the patient is made aware of personal and clinical circumstances that cannot be modified, such as age, ethnicity, and previous history of hypertrophic scars. In scar prevention, the single most important modifiable factor is wound tension during the proliferative and remodeling phases, and this is determined by the choice of incision design. Traditional incisions most often follow relaxed skin tension lines, but no such lines exist in high surface tension areas. If such incisions are unavoidable, the patient must be informed of this ahead of time. The management of a surgical incision does not end when the sutures are removed. Surgical scar care should be continued for one year. Patient participation is paramount in obtaining the optimal outcome. Postoperative visits should screen for signs of scar hypertrophy and has a dual purpose of continued patient education and reinforcement of proper care. Early intervention is a key to control hyperplastic response. Hypertrophic scars that do not improve by 6 months are keloids and should be managed aggressively with intralesional steroid injections and alternate modalities.

Graphical Abstract

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关节镜辅助下克氏针、钢丝张力带治疗髁间棘骨折的疗效分析

目的:分析克氏针、钢丝张力带治疗髁间棘骨折的临床疗效。方法:对我科2011年-2017年收治的58例Ⅱ型及以上的髁间棘骨折采用关节镜辅助下克氏针、钢丝张力带的方法进行固定,术后定期复查评估膝关节稳定性、活动度及骨折愈合情况,并采用Lysholm评分系统对膝关节功能进行评估。结果:58例患者均获得随访,术后6周复查膝关节屈伸0°-120。及以上,术后3个月复查X线提示骨折愈合良好,抽屉实验、Lachman实验阴性,末次随访Lysholm评分(94.6±1.1)分,较术前(73.6±2.6)分显著提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:关节镜辅助下克氏针、钢丝张力带治疗髁间棘骨折固定牢靠,方法简单实用,经济低廉,膝关节功能恢复满意。     

髌骨针结合钛缆与克氏针张力带治疗髌骨骨折疗效研究

目的 探讨应用髌骨针结合钛缆与克氏针张力带治疗髌骨骨折疗效。方法 回顾性分析2015 年10 月～2018 年2 月因髌骨骨折于我院行手术治疗的113 例患者的临床资料,其中髌骨针结合钛缆组52 例,克氏针张力带组61 例,使用Bostman 髌骨骨折临床结果评估标准来评价两组术后膝关节功能,术后骨折愈合时间通过复查髌骨正侧位片评估,比较两组术后1 年内并发症总发生率。结果 113 例患者随访10～16 个月。髌骨针结合钛缆组的骨折愈合时间为（12.32±2.21）周,克氏针张力带组为（14.12±1.65）周,髌骨针结合钛缆组的骨折愈合时间更短（P＜0.05）。髌骨针结合钛缆组的并发症总发生率为5.77%,克氏针张力带组为11.48%,髌骨针结合钛缆组具有更少的并发症发生率（P＜0.05）。两组术后VAS 评分比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。术后功能优良率髌骨结合钛缆组为88.46%、克氏针张力带组为80.32%,髌骨针结合钛缆组可获得更好的膝关节功能,两组比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 与传统的克氏针张力带相比,髌骨针结合钛缆可使骨折愈合时间缩短、获得更好的术后膝关节功能,减少并发症发生率。