冠心病患者治疗前后血清SOD、ET及T淋巴细胞亚群水平

目的:探讨了冠心病患者治疗前后血清SOD、ET及T淋巴细胞亚群水平。方法:分别应用放免法和单克隆抗体法对42例冠心病患者进行了血清SOD、ET及T淋巴细胞亚群水平检测,并与35名正常健康人作比较。结果:冠心病患者在治疗前血清ET水平显著地高于正常人组(P<0.01),而SOD和CD4/CD8比值明显地低于正常人组(P<0.01),经治疗后一个月则与正常人组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:检测冠心病患者血清SOD、ET及T淋巴细胞亚群水平对判断病情及其预后均具有一定的临床实用价值。     

A monoclonal antibody (RH1-38) which inhibits multiple systems of cell-mediated cytotoxicity--I. Identification of a novel epitope on a killer cell surface bimolecular complex important in the cytotoxic response

This paper presents the initial characterization of a mouse monoclonal antibody (RH1-38) which blocks, in the absence of complement, three different systems of cell-mediated cytotoxicity. This monoclonal antibody markedly inhibits cytotoxicity mediated by human natural killer cells, a monocyte-like cell [phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) stimulated HL-60], and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes generated in a mixed leukocyte reaction. RH1-38 is not nonspecifically toxic to cells since antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity was not inhibited and viability as assessed by trypan blue exclusion was not affected. Inhibition is specific since control hybridoma culture supernatants, parent (NS-1) ascites supernatant, monoclonal anti-HLA and normal mouse IgG were not significantly inhibitory. In the NK system, the inhibitory effect appears to be due to binding of monoclonal antibody to effector cell surface since exposure of targets to antibody followed by washing yielded no inhibition of killing. Inhibition requires the antigen-binding portion of the antibody molecule and thus appears to be related to steric hindrance of an effector cell surface molecule which is important in the expression of cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Immunoprecipitation of surface-radioiodinated membranes from PMA-stimulated HL-60 cells and analysis on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels revealed a bimolecular complex (195,000 and 125,000 daltons) without significant change under reducing conditions. Control immunoprecipitates yielded no peaks of activity. This monoclonal antibody should serve as a useful probe of the function and biochemistry of a killer cell surface antigen important in the expression of cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Since RH1-38 inhibits cytotoxicity mediated by at least three apparently unrelated effector cells, the relevant antigen may be part of a common mechanistic step. As the companion paper demonstrates, this monoclonal antibody does not affect the conjugation step, but appears to block a late step in the NK cytolytic mechanism. Thus, RH1-38 recognizes either an epitope district from previously-described anti-LFA-1 antibodies or alternatively recognizes a distinct functional killer cell surface molecule.     

V3 sequence analysis and biological characterization of HIV-1 isolates from asymptomatic and early symptomatic Tanzanian individuals

The aim of this study was to determine HIV-1 V3 sequences, in vitro biological characteristics and co-receptor usage of virus isolates from Tanzania. Virus was isolated from 14 of 17 samples investigated. Four of the isolates induced syncytia in MT-2 cells and used the CXCR4 co-receptor, while the remaining 10 isolates used the CCR5 co-receptor characteristic of non-MT-2 tropic viruses. One of the four MT-2 tropic isolates also used the CCR5 and CCR3 co-receptors. Proviral DNA was detected in all 14 isolates and PCR products were subjected to DNA sequencing. Unambiguous V3 amino acid sequences were obtained from 11 amplificates. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these sequences were divergent and clustered in HIV-1 subtypes A, C or D. Sequences from the viruses that induced syncytia in MT-2 cells presented characteristic V3 phenotype-associated amino acids. Results of co-receptor analysis are in concordance with the isolate phenotype as determined by replication and induction of syncytia in MT-2 cells. The considerable diversity illustrated by a limited number of isolates from Tanzania is in accordance with reports from other regions of Africa.     

Typing of hepatitis B virus genomes by a simplified polymerase chain reaction

The amplification of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA sequences in sera for molecular epidemiology of HBV is an important application of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with regard to HBV. To simplify the PCR for this purpose, the optimal concentrations of SDS and detergents for carrying out the proteinase K digestion and the amplification of DNA by Taq polymerase were evaluated. It was found that by using 1% deoxycholic acid as detergent for the proteinase K step and diluting the digest 10 times before carrying out the PCR, the phenol extraction of DNA became superfluous. The sensitivity of this procedure equalled that of PCR after phenol extraction on comparable amounts of serum. Four pairs of oligonucleotide primers were compared for amplification of HBV DNA sequences in 48 sera previously subtyped with respect to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and in eight sera with different genotypes of HBV, representing the subtypes of HBsAg P1 to P8, defined at an international meeting [Couroucé-Pauty et al.: "HBs Antigen Subtypes." Basel: Karger, 1976]. Two primer pairs, selected from conserved regions in the X and S genes of HBV, gave a positive PCR with sera harbouring all the eight different strains of HBV, resulting in DNA fragments consistent with the sizes deduced from genome sequence data. Two other primer pairs were selected in order to discriminate genotypes with regard to differences between d/y and w/r strains.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

皖南地区336例恶性淋巴瘤回顾性病理分析

本文根据我国恶性淋巴瘤分类的修订洛阳方案对皖南地区1972-1982年336例恶性淋巴瘤进行了回顾性分析。发现其中非何杰金淋巴瘤325例(96.7％),何杰金氏病11例(3.3％)。非何杰金氏淋巴瘤中滤泡型19例(5.8％),弥漫型306例(94.2％),而弥漫型中以B细胞肿瘤(尤以滤泡中心细胞起源的肿瘤)占大多数(240例,73.8％)。T细胞肿瘤为54例(16.6％)。结果与国内各地的报告大致相同。本文还讨论了在应用修订洛阳方案进行恶性淋巴瘤分类过程中遇到的一些问题,着重指出对类型不同、大小不等起源于滤泡中心细胞的肿瘤如何结合其预后,归入适当的亚型是值得研究的问题。     

The M2 selective antagonist AF-DX 116 shows high affinity for mnscarine receptors in bovine tracheal membranes

Summary We have characterized the muscarine receptors in bovine tracheal and left ventricular membranes using ³H-dexetimide/pirenzepine and ³H-dexetimide/AF-DX 116 competition studies. Pirenzepinc exhibited low (M₂) affinity binding to both preparations; K _d was 590 nM in left ventricle and 463 nM in trachea. AF-DX 116 exhibited high (M₂) affinity binding to left ventricle (K _d = 95.6 nM); in tracheal membranes it bound with high (M₂) affinity (K _d = 40.7 nM) to 74% of the receptors and with low (M₃) affinity (K _d = 2.26 M) to 26% of the receptors. It is concluded that bovine tracheal muscle membranes contain a heterogeneous population of muscarine binding sites, the majority having M₂ (heart) subtype characteristics and being located on the smooth muscle membranes; a minority having M₃ (exocrine gland) subtype characteristics and presumed to be located in submucosal glands. This is the first report of high affinity binding of AF-DX 116 to non-cardiac peripheral muscarine receptors. Send offprint requests to A. F. Roffel at the above address     

The influence of radiation therapy on T-lymphocyte subpopulations defined by monoclonal antibodies

We studied the influence of radiation therapy on lymphocyte subpopulations in 17 patients undergoing adjuvant radiation therapy for primary breast cancer, and eight patients receiving brachytherapy and external beam irradiation for primary cancer of the uterus. Radiation therapy reduced B- and T-lymphocytes in proportion to the total lymphocyte population so that their percentages remained unchanged. Determination of helper and suppressor T-lymphocytes before, during and 6 months after completion of radiotherapy revealed that in both groups of patients suppressor T-lymphocytes were more resistant to and recovered faster after radiotherapy. This resulted in a decline of the "immunoregulatory balance" (helper/suppressor ratio). Although this ratio had been higher in both groups of patients than in healthy age- and sex-matched controls before therapy, it became normal and subnormal during and after radiotherapy. The clinical significance of the differential influence of radiotherapy on T-lymphocyte subpopulations remains to be determined.     

Dietary Patterns Are Differentially Associated with Atypical and Melancholic Subtypes of Depression

Diet has been associated with the risk of depression, whereas different subtypes of depression have been linked with different cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs). In this study, our aims were to (1) identify dietary patterns with exploratory factor analysis, (2) assess cross-sectional associations between dietary patterns and depression subtypes, and (3) examine the potentially mediating effect of dietary patterns in the associations between CVRFs and depression subtypes. In the first follow-up of the population-based CoLaus|PsyCoLaus study (2009–2013, 3554 participants, 45.6% men, mean age 57.5 years), a food frequency questionnaire assessed dietary intake and a semi-structured interview allowed to characterize major depressive disorder into current or remitted atypical, melancholic, and unspecified subtypes. Three dietary patterns were identified: Western, Mediterranean, and Sweet-Dairy. Western diet was positively associated with current atypical depression, but negatively associated with current and remitted melancholic depression. Sweet-Dairy was positively associated with current melancholic depression. However, these dietary patterns did not mediate the associations between CVRFs and depression subtypes. Hence, although we could show that people with different subtypes of depression make different choices regarding their diet, it is unlikely that these differential dietary choices account for the well-established associations between depression subtypes and CVRFs.     

三维重建技术在肺腺癌新分类标准诊断中的价值

目的探讨三维重建技术对肺腺癌新分类标准在术前外科诊断中的应用价值,助力于开发人工智能在肺癌辅助诊疗方面的深度学习模型系统。方法回顾性分析2018年10月至2020年6月我院收治的173例经手术病理证实且肿瘤直径≤2 cm肺磨玻璃结节患者的临床资料,其中男55例、女118例,中位年龄61(28~82)岁。同一患者不同部位肺结节视为独立事件,共纳入181例研究对象。按照病理类型新分类标准,将其分为浸润前病变[不典型腺瘤样增生(AAH)和原位腺癌(AIS)]、微浸润腺癌(MIA)及浸润性腺癌(IAC),利用多平面重建(multiplanar reconstruction,MPR)和容积重建(volume reconstruction,VR)等技术,分析研究三维重建相关参数与肺腺癌不同病理亚型之间的关系及其诊断价值。结果肺腺癌不同病理类型肺结节的直径(P<0.001)、平均CT值(P<0.001)、实性成分比值(P<0.001)、结节类型(P<0.001)、结节形态(P<0.001)、胸膜凹陷征(P<0.001)、空气支气管征(P=0.010)、结节内有无血管出入(P=0.005)、TNM分期(P<0.001)差异均有统计学意义,而结节生长部位差异无统计学意义(P=0.054)。同时还发现随着肺腺癌不同病理亚型侵袭性增加,各组参数显性征象比例也逐渐升高。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,结节直径和平均CT值或实性成分比值是浸润前病变进展为IAC的独立危险因素。结论三维重建下肺小结节各种影像征象,包括结节直径、平均CT值、实性成分比值、形态、类型、血管出入情况、空气支气管征、胸膜凹陷征对肺腺癌新分类标准的诊断具有重要价值,在临床能够为患者个性化治疗提供指导。     

五种免疫相关性心血管疾病的免疫学研究

对扩张型心肌病、风湿性心脏病，原发性高血压，冠心病及肥厚型心肌病进行外周血清可溶性白细胞介素２受体，Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群及自然杀伤细胞活性的检测，并与健康对照组比较，结果显示：ＤＣＭ组，ＲＨＤ组及ＥＨＴ组的ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ明显高于ＮＣ组，而ＤＣＭ、ＲＨＤ风湿活动组的ＮＫ活性低于ＮＣ组，ＥＨＴ组ＮＫ活性高于ＮＣ组。