超声引导下小针刀联合双针穿刺抽吸治疗钙化性冈上肌腱炎的临床观察

目的探讨改良型超声引导下小针刀经皮穿刺联合双针抽吸治疗钙化性冈上肌腱炎的效果及安全性。方法将60例钙化性冈上肌腱炎患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各30例。对照组在超声引导下先以小针刀穿刺后再行单针头经皮抽吸治疗;观察组在超声引导下先以小针刀穿刺后再行双针头经皮抽吸治疗。两组分别于治疗前,治疗后3 d、7 d、1个月、6个月采用数字评价量表(NRS)评价患者疼痛程度;采用美国加州大学肩关节评分系统(UCLA)和Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分系统评价患者肩关节功能和活动范围。比较两组患者DR片检查结果及二次、三次治疗比率。同时记录治疗和随访期间不良反应发生情况。结果两组患者治疗前NRS评分比较,差异无统计学意义;治疗后3 d、7 d观察组患者NRS评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);治疗后1个月、6个月两组NRS评分比较差异均无统计学意义。两组患者治疗前与治疗后3 d、7 d、1个月、6个月UCLA评分和Constant-Murley评分比较差异均无统计学意义。观察组患者DR片显示,治疗后7 d钙化灶减小或消失。观察组患者二次、三次治疗比率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。两组患者治疗期间不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义。结论与传统超声引导下小针刀联合单针头抽吸术比较,超声引导下小针刀联合双针头穿刺抽吸治疗钙化性冈上肌腱炎可在早期缓解患者症状,治疗效果显著,具有较好的安全性。     

Levofloxacin-induced Achilles tendon rupture in a patient with systemic microscopic polyangiitis

We report a case of spontaneous Achilles tendon rupture associated with myeloperoxidase–anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA)-related microscopic polyangiitis in a 77-year-old man who was treated with oral corticosteroids. Several days after 10 days of treatment with levoflaxacin (daily dose 200 mg) for bacterial pneumonia, he noted discomfort around both Achilles tendons. The discomfort developed into swelling around his left ankle, and he could not walk well. We diagnosed bilateral Achilles tendinitis with spontaneous rupture induced by levofloxacin. Epidemiological studies show that the risk of fluoroquinolone-related tendon rupture is highest among patients over the age of 60 years who are receiving a corticosteroid. Rupture of the Achilles tendon is a rare but serious side effect of fluoroquinolone usage. Thus, physicians should be aware of this adverse effect, especially when prescribing medication for aged patients being treated with corticosteroids.     

The “Hoover” (vacuum cleaner) technique for calcifying tendonitis deposits excision and removal of the calcific debris

A new technical tip for the improvement of the arthroscopic treatment of symptomatic calcifying tendinitis is described. Arthroscopic excision of calcifying tendonitis may result with multiple minute calcific debris in the subacromial bursa, causing severe post operative pain due to chemical irritation of the bursa. We suggest the use of a bladeless shaver barrel as a “Hoover” (vacuum cleaner) for arthroscopic clearance of these miniature calcific debris from the subacromial space after resection of the major deposits. The use of this technique resulted in good clinical outcome with improved post operative pain.     

肩关节钙化性肌腱炎急性期手术与非手术的疗效比较

目的 比较肩关节钙化性肌腱炎急性期手术治疗与非手术治疗的效果。方法 回顾分析同济大学附属东方医院自2012年3月—2021年6月门诊或住院处置的33例肩关节钙化性肌腱炎急性期患者（女21例,男12例）。随机分成手术组与非手术治疗组（口服药物治疗组）,手术组15例记录术前、术后疼痛视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale, VAS评分）,肩关节病例行肩关节功能评分（American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon’s Form, ASES）;非手术组18例记录就诊当天、治疗后的VAS评分,对两组进行ASES评分。结果 两组VAS评分术前（8.68±0.48）分,就诊当天（8.38±0.50）分;术后第1天为（3.85±0.31）分,治疗后第1天（6.68±0.82）分;术后2周为（2.06±0.21）分,治疗后第2周（3.98±1.21）分。ASES评分术前（19.03±2.17）分,就诊当天（21.75±4.95）分;术后2周为（85.78±3.00）分,治疗后第2周（81.15±2.46）分,两组治疗后两周的VAS评分及ASES评分均较治疗前明显改善,而手术组改善更明显。结论 钙化性肌腱炎急性期患者发病有性别差异,微创手术治疗恢复更快。     

Incidence and Risk Factors of Iliopsoas Tendinopathy After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Radiographic Analysis of 1,602 Hips

BackgroundIliopsoas tendinopathy (IPT) can cause persistent groin pain and lead to dissatisfaction after total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study aimed to report the characteristics, incidences, risk factors, and treatment outcomes of IPT after THA.MethodsWe reviewed primary THAs performed at a single institution between January 2012 and May 2018. Clinical and radiographic analyses were performed on 1,602 THAs (1,370 patients). Patient characteristics, component sizes, inclination and anteversion angles, and antero-inferior cup prominence (≥8 millimeters (mm)), were compared between the groups with and without IPT. Changes in teardrop to lesser trochanter distance were measured to estimate changes in leg length and horizontal offset caused by THA. Logistic regression models were used to identify the risk factors for IPT. IPT was identified in 53 hips (3.3%).ResultsPatients with IPT had greater leg lengthening (12.3 versus 9.3 mm; P = .001) and higher prevalence of antero-inferior cup prominence (5.7 versus 0.4%; P = .002). There was no significant difference in inclination, anteversion, and horizontal offset change between the two groups. In multivariate analyses, greater leg lengthening, prominent acetabular cup, women, and higher body mass index were associated with IPT. All patients reported improvement in groin pain after arthroscopic tenotomy, while 35.7% with nonoperative management reported improvement (P < .001).ConclusionsSymptomatic IPT occurred in 53 (3.3%) of the 1,602 primary THAs. Our findings suggest that leg lengthening as well as prominent acetabular cup in THAs can be associated with the development of IPT. Arthroscopic tenotomy was effective in relieving groin pain caused by IPT.     

深层横向弹拨联合浮针治疗冈上肌肌腱炎的临床研究Δ

摘要 目的 探讨深层横向弹拨（DTFM）联合浮针治疗冈上肌肌腱炎的临床效果。方法 根据研究目的和受试对象的标准（诊断标准、纳入标准和排除标准），将东阳市人民医院2021年1月～2022年12月符合标准的80例冈上肌肌腱炎患者作为研究对象，按随机数表法随机分为研究组和对照组，每组患者40例。研究组采用DTFM联合浮针治疗，对照组采用浮针治疗。两组均治疗10 d。治疗结束后、治疗结束后3个月两组患者均进行临床疗效评估，于治疗前、首次治疗后即刻、治疗结束后、治疗结束后3个月采用疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）、Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分（C-M）评估两组疼痛程度及肩关节功能，采用量角器测量肩关节外展、前屈角度，采用拉力计测定肌力强度。比较两组治疗期间不良事件发生率。结果 研究组治疗结束后、治疗结束后3个月总有效率大于对照组（P＜0.05）；首次治疗后即刻、治疗结束后、治疗结束后3个月研究组静息、活动时VAS评分小于对照组，C-M评分、肩关节屈伸度及外展肌力大于对照组（P＜0.05）；两组治疗期间均未发生不良事件。结论 DTFM联合浮针治疗冈上肌肌腱炎疗效显著，减轻疼痛，增加肩关节活动度及肌力强度，改善肩关节功能，安全性有保证。     

Supraspinatus muscle atrophy in relation to aging with or without shoulder pathology: A radiographic study

IntroductionSupraspinatus muscle atrophy is commonly associated with shoulder disease, but the effect of ageing on atrophy is not well understood. It was the aim of this study to investigate this effect using MRI scans in older patients.Methods and materialsA retrospective review of MRI scans in patients aged >70 years was performed between Jan 2016–Dec 2018.Both normal and abnormal scans were included in the analysis which included quantifying muscle atrophy of the supraspinatus using Thomazeu's occupation ratio.ResultsThere were 39 normal shoulder MRI scans with a mean age of 75 years (range: 70–88) and 163 abnormal scans with a mean age of 77 years (range: 70–93). The mean supraspinatus occupation ratio for normal MRI scans was 0.57 (range: 0.33–0.86) and abnormal scans 0.35 (range: 0.17–0.90). Occupation ratio was maintained with advancing until the age of 85 years before undergoing a significant declin following this.ConclusionThis study has shown that the occupation ratio is significantly reduced with shoulder disease, but normal shoulders do not undergo significant atrophy of supraspinatus tendon with increasing age. An occupation ratio of <0.32 is unlikely to occur in normal shoulders and this awareness may be useful when planning shoulder surgery, specifically shoulder arthroplasty.     

Arthroscopic versus mini-open rotator cuff repair: A meta-analysis

BackgroundAn all-arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ASR) may result in less postoperative pain and better functional outcomes than the mini-open (MOR) approach. This meta-analysis provides an updated assessment of the current literature which compares the clinical outcomes of mini-open versus all arthroscopic rotator cuff repair techniques.Material and methodsThe main online databases were accessed in October 2021. All the trials directly comparing primary ASR versus MOR for rotator cuff rupture were accessed. Studies concerning revision settings were not eligible, nor where those combining the surgical procedures with other adjuvants.ResultsA total of 21 articles were retrieved. Data from 1644 procedures (ASR = 995, MOR = 649) were collected. The mean follow-up was 26.7 (6.0–56.4) months. Comparability was found between ASR and MOR groups at baseline with regards to age (P = 0.3), gender (P = 0.7) and mean duration of the follow-up (P = 0.7). No difference was found between ASR and MOR with regard to surgical duration (P = 0.05), Constant score (P = 0.2), University of California at Los Angeles Shoulder (P = 0.3), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Shoulder (P = 0.5), VAS (P = 0.2), forward flexion (P = 0.3), abduction (P = 0.3), external rotation (P = 0.2), internal rotation (P = 0.7), re-tear (P = 0.9), adhesive capsulitis (P = 0.5).ConclusionArthroscopic and mini-open rotator cuff repair result in similar clinical outcomes. Male gender and older age lead to greater rates of rotator cuff re-tears, while longer surgical duration was associated with a greater rate of adhesive capsulitis.