江苏省卫生地方标准工作现状分析

目的分析江苏省卫生地方标准发展现状，提出优化建议。方法采用数据库检索方式进行分析。结果江苏省卫生地方标准制定主体以卫生行政部门为主，技术标准数量较多。75.00%的标准标龄较短，标准更新较少。江苏省卫生地方标准以职业健康领域标准为主，存在总体标准数量较少、分类依据不清晰、缺乏系统性及全面性指导、第三方主体作用不突出、标准重制定而轻执行等问题。结论江苏省卫生地方标准在促进江苏省卫生领域发展，完善卫生健康管理体系方面发挥着重要作用。建议建立健全标准化工作政策法规，强化标准实施，建立标准专业化队伍，推动行业标准化工作发展。     

Neonatal status epilepticus due to lamination disorder without significant cell death

Background: Malformations of the cerebral cortex may be associated with severe epilepsy and status epilepticus. It has been shown that status epilepticus models induce excitotoxic cell death. In humans, very few data are available. Case and results: We report a case of a multifocal disorder of the lamination diagnosed in a neonate, borne at 30 weeks’ gestation, who died from a refractory status epilepticus at two months and half. This abnormality was not detected by repeated MRI studies. Only microscopic investigations permitted to identify this disorder of the lamination. We found also little cell death or cell loss. Discussion: Our report highlights the possible false negative results of MRI in a newborn. We can also discuss that immature human brain maybe less sensitive to neuronal injury than mature as described in animal models.     

Ventilator Strategy for Status Asthmaticus in Pregnancy: A Case-Based Review

Asthma is a common and potentially serious condition complicating pregnancy. However, the literature available on the management of severe asthma in pregnancy is limited. We describe two episodes of respiratory failure due to asthma in pregnant women and discuss their management in the context of a review of the literature. In both patients, adequate oxygenation was maintained by using controlled hypoventilation with a permissive hypercapnia strategy. Both patients received aggressive steroid therapy, aerosolized bronchodilators, sedation, and paralysis. Aggressive asthma treatment as in a nongravid female is recommended.     

Causes and outcomes of new onset status epilepticus and predictors of refractoriness to therapy

We aimed to evaluate the determinants of outcome in new onset refractory status epilepticus (SE). A retrospective analysis of patients with new onset SE admitted between May 2005 and October 2013 was performed. Regression analysis was used to determine factors that affect progression of new onset SE to refractory status epilepticus (RSE) and mortality. Among 114 patients with new onset SE, 52 patients progressed to RSE. Sixty seven (58.7%) were men. New onset RSE patients were younger than new onset SE patients (mean 35.9 ± standard deviation18.2 versus 28.7 ± 20.2 years; p = 0.050). Cryptogenic aetiology was the most significant determinant of progression of new onset SE to RSE (Exp [β] = 5.68; p = 0.001). The overall mortality in the entire group was 23.7%, significantly higher in new onset RSE group (40.4% versus 9.7%; p < 0.0001). New onset RSE patients with symptomatic and cryptogenic etiology did not differ for clinical characteristics and outcome. Acidosis was the strongest predictor of mortality in the entire cohort (Exp [β] = 8.72; p = 0.005). Nearly half of the patients with new onset SE progressed to RSE. While cryptogenic aetiology determined progression of new onset SE to RSE, acidosis was associated with mortality. The outcome was similar between symptomatic and cryptogenic new onset RSE.     

2010—2013年六安市某中学学生体检结果分析

目的了解六安市某中学生2010—2013年身体健康状况及常见病的检出情况,为拟定预防控制对策提供科学依据。方法对2010—2013年高一高二学生健康体检资料进行统计分析。结果 2010—2013年中学生四大主要常见病依次为视力减退、龋齿、沙眼、色弱,其中视力减退检出率高达75.17%,稳居第一,视力减退呈逐年增长的趋势;不同年份高一新生、高二年级学生视力减退检出率均呈逐年上升的趋势,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.001）,不同年份高一新生和高二年级学生的沙眼、色弱、心脏疾病、血压异常的检出率差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.001）;相同年份高一视力减弱检出率与高二比较,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.001）;同一批高一新生随着年级的增长,视力减弱检出率高一普遍高于高二（P〈0.001）,提示视力减弱有进展趋势;龋齿检出率随着年级的增长差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001）。结论该校中学生常见病以视力减退、龋齿、沙眼较为突出,而视力低下率一直居常见病之首,应引起有关部门的重视,加强防治工作,提高中学生的健康水平。     

Association of body weight with condition-specific quality of life in male veterans

PURPOSE: We hypothesized that obese adults with coronary heart disease, obstructive lung disease, or depression would report greater impairments in health-related quality of life owing to their angina, dyspnea, or depressive symptoms as compared with persons with normal body weight. METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the Ambulatory Care Quality Improvement Project, a multicenter study of veterans enrolled in general internal medicine clinics. Health-related quality of life was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36, the Seattle Angina Questionnaire, the Seattle Obstructive Lung Disease Questionnaire, and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist for Depression. RESULTS: Compared with patients of normal weight (body mass index: 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2), underweight patients (body mass index <18.5 kg/m2) reported health-related quality-of-life scores that were at least 5% lower (worse) in all 15 quality-of-life domains examined. Patients with class III obesity (body mass index > or =40 kg/m2) reported quality-of-life scores that were at least 5% lower than those of normal weight patients in eight domains. Scores of overweight patients (body mass index: 25 to 29.9 kg/m2) were higher (better) than those of normal weight patients in 11 domains. CONCLUSION: Body mass index was strongly associated with generic- and condition-specific health-related quality of life. Our results suggest that, when considering health-related quality-of-life outcomes among veterans, the optimal body mass index may be above the "normal" range. Further research should test the validity of the 1998 National Institutes of Health body mass index categories as predictors of health outcomes among veterans.     

Assessment of cardiovascular risk and social framework of Cape Verdean university students studying in Portugal

Introduction

The migration of African populations to Europe poses problems of adaptation that may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. We assessed the cardiovascular risk of Cape Verdean university students studying in Portugal (CV-PT) compared to Cape Verdean university students in Cape Verde (CV-CV) and to Caucasian university students in Portugal (PT-PT).

Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Modestly Enhance Prediction of Readmission in Patients with Cirrhosis

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常州市有螺环境现状调查分析

目的 调查常州市有螺环境改造现状,为螺情监测提供依据.方法 收集全市有螺环境资料,对所有有螺环境进行现场调查并进行环境分类,建立数据库分析各类环境特点,并应用Google Earth软件绘制分布图.结果 常州市有螺环境共计6 174个,面积3 911.97万m2,分布于7市(县、区)的51个乡(镇)、414个村.根据环境分类,Ⅱ类环境最多,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ类环境面积的构成比分别为24.8％、54.4％、11.3％、9.5％.金坛市、武进区、溧阳市的有螺环境面积最大,分别占全市总面积的31.0％、24.4％、24.0％.金坛市、溧阳市、武进区、新北区以现况Ⅱ类环境居多,天宁区、钟楼区、戚墅堰区以现况Ⅰ类环境居多.Ⅳ类环境主要分布在武进区和新北区,分别占68.3％、25.9％.江湖滩、内陆和山丘3种类型流行区有螺环境面积的构成比分别为9.9％、49.8％、40.3％.3种类型流行区均以Ⅱ类环境居多,面积分别占52.3％、50.1％、60.2％,Ⅳ类环境所占比例分别为22.5％、14.1％、0.7％.结论 常州市有螺环境分布广,面积大,应重点加强对Ⅲ类、ⅣV类环境的监测.     

Ultrasound-Guided Versus Landmark-Guided Local Corticosteroid Injection for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Objective

To review the literature and assess the comparative effectiveness of ultrasound-guided versus landmark-guided local corticosteroid injections in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).