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991.
Apaf-1与MODS时的细胞凋亡 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
细胞凋亡是一种以凋亡小体的形成为特点的,不引起周围组织的炎性反应的活体内单个细胞死亡的形态学改变,它是依赖能量的细胞内死亡程序活化而致的细胞自杀.已知细胞凋亡的途径有3条途径:死亡受体途径、线粒体途径、内质网途径.线粒体在凋亡信号传导通路中起重要作用,研究提示死亡受体和内质网通路的信号最终都汇集在线粒体通路中.线粒体介导的细胞内凋亡通路的信号传导级联反应均以Apaf-1为靶子而调节凋亡体. 相似文献
992.
目的检测汉族人VKORC1 G3673A基因的分布情况。方法应用PCR技术对正常人外周血VKO-RC1 G3673A基因进行扩增,以Msp I进行限制性酶切图谱分析。结果219名(男112人,女107人)中国汉族人VKORC1 G3673A基因中,表现型A/A的频率是81.3%(男90人,女88人),表现型G/A是18.7%(男22人,女19人),表现型G/G是0。VKORC1 G3673A基因A的频率是90.6%,基因G的频率是9.4%。结论中国汉族人VKORC1 G3673A基因的分布有自己的特点,为研究VKORC1 G3673A基因在华法林个体化给药方案的制定提供了可靠的理论资料。 相似文献
993.
The effect of lithium administration (800 mg daily for 7 days) on the neuroendocrine and temperature responses to the 5-HT1A receptor agonist, gepirone, was studied in eight healthy male volunteers. Gepirone (20 mg orally) significantly increased plasma levels of prolactin, growth hormone, corticotropin and cortisol, and lowered oral temperature. None of these responses was significantly altered by lithium treatment. The results suggest that the ability of short-term lithium treatment to increase 5-HT-mediated neuroendocrine responses in humans is unlikely to be related to changes in the sensitivity of pre- or post-synaptic 5-HT1A receptors. 相似文献
994.
本文研究了小儿糜烂性口腔炎的病毒病因,用人胚肾细胞及Hep—2细胞分离病毒,26例患儿有21例阳性(80.7%),从中取五株病毒进行鉴定,细胞病变特点属疱疹病毒,且均可被抗HSV—I抗体中和,结果表明HSV—I是本病的主要病原。体外实验证明,白细胞干扰素对新分离的HSV—I有较强的抑制病变作用,2.4~2.9Iu/ml白细胞干扰素即可抑制病毒的50%CPE。临床上试用干扰素局部治疗必获得显著的疗效。 相似文献
995.
996.
R. Grant Steen Wilburn E. Reddick Raymond K. Mulhern James W. Langston Robert J. Ogg Andrea A. Bieberich Peter B. Kingsley Winfred C. Wang 《Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI》1998,8(3):535-543
Conventional MRI (cMRI) has shown that brain abnormalities without clinical stroke can manifest in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). We used quantitative MRI (qMRI) and psychometric testing to determine whether brain abnormalities can also be present in patients with SCD who appear normal on cMRI. Patients 4 years of age and older with no clinical evidence of stroke were stratified by cMRI as normal (n = 17) or abnormal (n = 13). Spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) of gray and white matter structures was measured by the precise and accurate inversion recovery (PAIR) qMRI method. Patient cognitive ability was assessed with a standard psychometric instrument (WISC-III or WISC-R). In all 30 patients with SCD, qMRI T1 was lower than in 24 age- and race-matched controls, in cortical gray matter (P < .0006) and caudate (P < .0009), as well as in the ratio of gray-to-white matter T1 (P < .008). In the 17 patients who were shown to be normal by cMRI, qMRI T1 was still lower than in controls, in both cortical gray matter (P < .02) and caudate (P < .004). Histograms of voxel T1 show that the proportion of voxels with T1 values intermediate between gray and white matter (ie, consistent with encephalomalacia) was 9% higher than controls in patients shown to be normal by cMRI (P < .05) and 15% higher than controls in patients shown to be abnormal by cMRI (P < .0005). The full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) of all patients with SCD was 75, compared to the FSIQ of 88 in a historical control group of patient siblings (P < .001). The FSIQ of patients shown to be normal by cMRI was 79, significantly lower than the FSIQ of patient siblings (P < .04). The FSIQ of 71 in patients shown to be abnormal by cMRI was significantly lower than both the patient siblings (P < .005) and the patients shown to be normal by cMRI (P < .04). Patients shown to be abnormal by cMRI scored lower than patients shown to be normal by cMRI, specifically on the subtests of vocabulary (P = .003) and information (P = .03). Cognitive impairment is thus significant, even in patients with SCD who were shown to be normal by cMRI, suggesting that cMRI may be insensitive to subtle neurologic damage that can be detected by qMRI. Because cognitive impairment can occur in children normal by cMRI, our findings imply that prophylactic therapy may be needed earlier in the course of SCD to mitigate neurologic damage. 相似文献
997.
D. M. Jackson C. E. Wallsten E. Jerning P.-S. Hu A. M. Deveney 《Psychopharmacology》1998,139(4):300-310
The aim was to study firstly, the motor effects of a new 5-HT1A antagonist, NDL-249 [(R)-3-(N-cyclopentyl-N-propylamino)-8-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-5-carboxamide hydrochloride] and of the reference 5-HT1A antagonist WAY-100 635 [N-(2-(1-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazinyl))ethyl)-N-(2-pyridinyl) cyclohexanecarboxamide trihydrochloride], in comparison to the 5-HT1A agonist (±)-8-OH-DPAT [(8-hydroxy-2-(di-N-propylamino) tetralin, hereafter 8-OH-DPAT], in rats acclimatised to the automated activity cages; secondly, to study whether
the behavioural effects of NDL-249 and 8-OH-DPAT are sensitive to the 5-HT depleting effects of p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA); thirdly, to characterise the nature of the antagonist-induced activation seen in the automatic
activity cages with the aid of a behavioural observation analysis; fourthly, to examine the interaction between the 5-HT1Areceptors mediating the behavioural effects and dopamine (DA) receptors. NDL-249 was found to bind in vitro to rat hippocampal
5-HT1A receptors with high affinity and selectivity. In second messenger studies, it was devoid of agonist-like effects. In the
locomotor activity studies, each antagonist significantly increased the incidence of horizontal activity, peripheral activity
and rearing. 8-OH-DPAT, while significantly increasing peripheral and horizontal activities, decreased the incidence of rearing.
PCPA blocked the motor effects of NDL-249 but did not affect those of 8-OH-DPAT. Observational analyses indicated that NDL-249
induced significant increases at one or more doses in sniffing, rearing and locomotion together with a significant reduction
in stillness. WAY-100 635 significantly increased the incidence of rearing, intense grooming and vacuous chewing. The significant
increases in sniffing, grooming and intense grooming and the significant decrease in stillness induced by the DA D1 agonist, SK&F 38393 [(±)-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-(1H)-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol hydrochloride], were not altered by concomitant
pre-treatment with NDL-249. Pre-treatment of rats with either the DA D1 antagonist SCH-23390 (2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-methyl-5-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepin-7-ol) or the DA D2 antagonist, raclopride, blocked the reduced stillness and increased sniffing and rearing induced by NDL-249. In conclusion,
5-HT1A antagonists including the new selective antagonist, NDL-249, induce mild behavioural activation in rats, which is mediated
probably indirectly via DA systems.
Received: 3 April 1997/Final version: 23 February 1998 相似文献
998.
Summary— Acidosis affects multiple steps in the excitation-contraction coupling pathway of myocardium, producing decreased calcium sensitivity of myofibrils and modification of the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of three different classes of inotropic agents under acidotic conditions: 1) forskolin, an adenylate cyclase activator that enhances cellular cyclic AMP concentrations, 2) elevated extracellular Ca2+ and 3) endothelin-1, an activator of the inositol triphosphate, diacylglycerol pathway. Ferret papillary muscles were mounted in organ baths containing normal physiological solution (pH = 7.4). After baseline tension was measured, the muscles were bathed in an acidotic solution (pH = 6.98) that decreased tension to 40% of the control; subsequently, the muscles were washed with normal physiological solution until they returned to baseline. Each inotropic agent was added to the bathing solution in a concentration sufficient to increase tension by 40% above the baseline. Then the solution was made acidotic (pH = 6.98) in the continuous presence of that concentration of inotropic agent and the resultant steady-state developed tension measured. The increases in tension induced by each inotropic agent at normal pH were adjusted to be similar; in contrast, the response to each drug in acidosis was significantly different. Under acidotic conditions, endothelin-1 was the most effective inotropic agent in restoring the depressed developed tension. This was possibly due to enhancement of the myofilament sensitivity to Ca2+ , which was more effective than increasing [Ca2+ ]i through elevating extracellular Ca2+ or the addition of forskolin which increased [Ca2+ ]i but desensitized the myofilaments to Ca2+ . 相似文献
999.
Peripheral and central injections of recombinant human interleukin-1β (IL-1β) have been shown to decrease social exploration and to induce body weight loss in rats. To characterize the receptor mechanisms of these effects, we used as a tool a specific antagonist of the receptors of IL-1, IL-1ra. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of IL-1ra (8 mg/kg) blocked the effect of i.p. injection of IL-1β (4 μg/rat) on social behaviour but not on body weight. Central administration of IL-1ra (60 μg/rat, i.c.v.) abrogated the effects of centrally administered IL-1β (30 ngn/rat, i.c.v.) on both social behaviour and body weight. Central injection of IL-1ra (4 μg/rat, i.c.v.) also attenuated the effects of i.p. administered IL-1β (4 μg/rat) on social behaviour but not on body weight. These results suggest that the effects of IL-1β on social behavior are mediated centrally and that its effect on the loss of body weight involves different receptor mechanisms. 相似文献
1000.
A. Alonso P. Martin C. Albarran M. Sancho 《International journal of legal medicine》1993,105(6):311-314
Summary The polymorphism of the D1S80 locus has been analyzed in a population sample of 203 unrelated individuals living in Madrid (central Spain) by PCR and subsequent semi-dry discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Tris-chloride/Tris-glycine buffer system) followed by silver staining, The electrophoretic system described in this study offers high resolution in the separation of the different D1S80 alleles allowing the detection of microvariability around the allele T22 in the spanish population. Twenty different alleles containing 17–40 repeats of the basic 16bp unit were distinguished. The alleles T18 and T24 were found to be relatively common in Spain, as in other populations:, with frequencies of 0.224 and 0.372, respectively. No evidence of significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was found in these preliminary population data. 相似文献