氢氧化钙糊剂、替硝唑粉联合牙胶根管充填的疗效观察

目的:观察氢氧化钙糊剂、替硝唑粉联合牙胶进行根管充填的疗效。方法:将126例患者的180颗患牙随机分为观察组与对根管照。组比,各较920组颗的牙充,对填照效组果采。用结根果管:观糊察剂组加与牙对胶照充组填的根超管充,观填察、欠组充将填氢、氧适化充填钙效糊果剂比和较替,硝差唑异粉无以统2计∶1学的意比义例(调P>配0好.0后5)加。牙但胶治充疗后填7d,观察组的急性反应发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访1年,观察组充填有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组急慢性牙髓炎充填有效率、急慢性根尖周炎充填有效率分别明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:氢氧化钙糊剂、替硝唑粉联合牙胶根管充填效果好,值得临床推广。     

Vitapex配合超声治疗窦道型根尖周炎的临床分析

目的观察Vitapex配合超声治疗窦道型根尖周炎的临床疗效。方法 Vitapex糊剂＋超声震荡治疗窦道型根尖周炎。治疗后2～3周、6个月、1年后回访,通过临床和X线检查评价其疗效。结果经治156例患牙,成功142例,2～6周窦道消失,6个月后经X线片检查可见尖周稀疏区减少或消失,成功率达91.03%,14例失败,6例出现牙根纵裂,后行牙半切术后部分保留,8例为多窦道患牙拔除。结论 Vitapex配合超声震荡法治疗窦道型根尖周炎疗效确切。     

Determination of trace vanadium(V) by adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetry on an acetylene black paste electrode in the presence of alizarin violet

A sensitive and simplified voltammetric method is developed for the determination of trace amounts of vanadium(V) by adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetry using an acetylene black (AB) paste electrode. The method is based on the preconcentration of the V(V)–alizarin violet (AV) complex at open circuit while stirring the solution for 90 s in 0.15 mol dm⁻³ hexamethylenetetraamine–hydrochloric acid buffer (pH 4.4), the adsorbed complex is then oxidized, producing a response with a peak potential of 564 mV when scanning linearly from 0 to 1000 mV. For voltammetric determination of V(V), the parameters influencing the peak current have been optimized. Under the selected conditions, the peak current and concentration of V(V) accorded with linear relationship in the range of 8.0 × 10⁻¹⁰ mol dm⁻³–1.0 × 10⁻⁷ mol dm⁻³ (c_AV = 2.0 × 10⁻⁶ mol dm⁻³) and 1.0 × 10⁻⁷ mol dm⁻³–8.0 × 10⁻⁶ mol dm⁻³ (c_AV = 2.0 × 10⁻⁵ mol dm⁻³), the detection limit (three times signal to noise) was estimated to be 6.0 × 10⁻¹⁰ mol dm⁻³ for 90 s accumulation. The relative standard deviation (RSD) is 1.9% and 2.3% for V(V) concentrations of 1.0 × 10⁻⁷ mol dm⁻³ and 1.0 × 10⁻⁸ mol dm⁻³ respectively. Finally, this proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of V(V) in natural water samples.     

MTA和Vitapex糊剂治疗成人慢性根尖周炎伴根尖孔闭合不全的疗效比较

目的：比较三氧化物多聚体（mineral trioxide aggregate,MTA）和Vitapex糊剂应用于成人慢性根尖周炎伴根尖闭合不全恒牙的临床疗效。方法：选取成人慢性根尖周炎伴根尖孔闭合不全的恒牙共38颗,随机分为2组,实验组在根管显微镜下用MTA严密封闭根尖开放部位,硬固后根管行热牙胶充填;对照组用Vitapex糊剂行根尖诱导成形,在根尖部有硬组织形成后行根管充填。两组术后均定期复查,评价临床效果及X线片结果。结果：经过2年的复查,实验组所有病例在治疗后均无临床不适症状,X线片显示患牙11颗根尖阴影完全消失,8颗明显缩小,1颗无变化,有效率95%。对照组2颗磨牙因冠根折拔除,8颗根尖有硬组织形成,8颗根尖无硬组织形成,有效率为44.4%,两者差异有统计学意义。结论：MTA治疗成人根尖孔未闭合恒牙是一种较理想的根尖诱导成形材料,短期临床疗效好,长期效果有待于进一步观察。     

康中医口腔膏在固定正畸早期保护牙龈的临床观察

目的观察康中医口腔膏在固定正畸治疗早期对牙龈炎的防治效果。方法将200名固定正畸患者随机分成实验组125例（使用康中医口腔膏刷牙）和对照组75例（常规口腔卫生保健措施）,对比观察正畸治疗前及治疗后1个月、2个月、3个月发生牙龈指数、菌斑指数改变的病例数。结果实验组1个月、2个月、3个月后,牙龈指数、菌斑指数改变病例数均明显少于对照组,差异均有显著性（P〈0.01）。结论康中医口腔膏对正畸早期牙龈炎症的发生有一定的预防效果。     

The treatment of oral aphthous ulceration or erosive lichen planus with topical clobetasol propionate in three preparations: a clinical and pilot study on 54 patients

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the clinical use of a corticosteroid in three preparations (topical clobetasol propionate ointment, clobetasol propionate in an oral analgesic base, and clobetasol propionate in an adhesive denture paste). METHODS: Fifty-four patients (34 males and 20 females) with a history of vesiculo-ulcero-erosive oral lesions were selected: 24 with oral erosive lichen planus and 30 with aphthae. The subjects enrolled were randomly divided into three groups, each of 18 patients (10 with aphthae and 8 with lichen planus): the first was treated with topical clobetasol propionate ointment (0.05%) directly on the lesion(s) three times a day; the second with clobetasol propionate in an adhesive denture paste in equal amounts (1:1) two times a day; the third with clobetasol propionate in an oral analgesic base (Orabase-B) in equal amounts (1:1) two times a day. Each subject scored his or her symptoms daily from most severe (7) to none (0) by verbal assessments using a categorical scale. RESULTS: In all cases, the administration of the corticosteroid was effective in producing remission of symptoms in each group of patients. Significant differences (P<0.05) between groups were determined by the Kruskal-Wallis test. The Dunn test was used in order to detect which group differs from the others; clobetasol and adhesive denture paste correlated with an early remission of pain in lichen and apthous lesions. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that topical application of clobetasol in an adhesive denture paste is an effective drug for symptomatic oral vesiculo-erosive and/or ulcerative lesions.     

Graphite oxide bulk modified carbon paste electrode for the selective detection of dopamine: A voltammetric study

A novel electrochemical sensor for the selective and sensitive detection of dopamine (DA) in presence of large excess of ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) at physiological pH was developed by the bulk modification of carbon paste electrode (CPE) with biocompatible graphite oxide (GO). Very small quantity of GO in carbon paste matrix imparted selectivity through electrostatic interactions. The modifier was characterized using infrared spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. Large peak separation, good sensitivity and stability allow this modified electrode to analyze DA individually and simultaneously along with AA and UA. Applying differential pulse technique, DA could be detected even in the presence of 1000 fold excess of AA and UA. A linear dynamic range of 0.07–70 μM with detection limit of 1.5 × 10⁻⁸ M was obtained for DA. None of the bulk modified electrodes reported in the literature have shown such a low detection limit at the physiological pH. The practical application of the modified electrode was demonstrated by spiking the human blood serum and cerebral fluid with dopamine and the results obtained were satisfactory.     

Cyclic voltammetric studies of alumina supported monometallic Pt and bimetallic PtSn catalysts using carbon paste electrodes

The present work relates to the cyclic voltammetric studies of alumina supported monometallic Pt and bimetallic PtSn catalysts using solid carbon paste electrodes. The cyclic voltammetric data of the solid catalysts, which were reproducible, were in agreement with those of electro-deposited Pt and PtSn electrode systems. The reversibility of the H-adsorption–desorption system in representative 0.3 Pt–Al₂O₃ monometallic catalyst was confirmed by the difference between the anodic and cathodic peak potentials. The unit ratio of the cathodic to anodic peak currents observed, indicated the equality of the transfer coefficient in the kinetics for the respective processes. The O₂-adsorption–desorption reaction was found to be irreversible as expected. The lower area of the curve for H-adsorption–desorption in the case of bimetallic catalysts gives an indication for the formation of alloys. The use of a carbon paste electrode in studying the cyclic voltammetric behavior of heterogenous catalysts yielded qualitative information about the activity of the catalysts. Good correlations were found between cyclic voltammetric parameters and activity results in both monometallic and bimetallic catalysts.     

复方羟基磷灰石抗菌糊剂诱导根尖形成的疗效观察

目的:观察复方羟基磷灰石抗菌糊剂对根尖诱导成形的作用。方法:选年轻恒牙68颗,随机分为两组,分别充填复方羟基磷灰石抗菌糊剂和氢氧化钙糊剂,于术后3、6个月和1年观察两种糊剂对根尖诱导的作用。结果:复方羟基磷灰石抗菌糊剂和氢氧化钙糊剂对根尖形成的诱导作用无显著性差异。结论:复方羟基磷灰石抗菌糊剂可促进根尖孔钙化封闭,为临床用药提供了新的选择。