抗乙肝植物药叶下珠的研究进展

叶下珠含黄酮类、木脂素类、生物碱类、鞣质等多种成分,具有明显的抗乙型肝炎病毒活性及对肝损伤的保护作用,且毒副作用低,是一种值得深入开发的抗乙肝药物。本文综述了叶下珠化学成分、药理作用及临床研究的成果。     

正交试验研究珍珠草的人工种植技术

目的研究在人工栽培条件下,珍珠草的种植方法、生长条件、生长规律,探讨大面积人工栽培的可能性,为总结珍珠草的GAP技术打下基础。方法采用种子繁育和人工移栽相结合的方法,比较野生与家种,人工栽培、种子种植与幼苗移栽种植等的生长规律、生长条件、产量等。结果在人工栽培条件下,珍珠草的各项指标均优于野生;采用种子繁育与人工移栽相结合的栽培方法明显优于单纯种子种植。结论广东省云浮地区适合珍珠草的人工种植,栽培试验成功。     

Antioxidant, anti-semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase, and anti-hypertensive activities of geraniin isolated from Phyllanthus urinaria

The wrinkle-fruited leaf flower (Phyllanthus urinaria L.) (Euphorbiaceae) is widely used as a traditional folk medicine for inflammatory relief. Geraniin, the hydrolysable tannin, was purified by a series of chromatographic processes from the 70% aqueous acetone extracts of P. urinaria and identified by NMR [1H (500 MHz) and 13C NMR (126 MHz)] spectra and mass spectroscopy. The scavenging activities of geraniin against DPPH radicals (half-inhibition concentration, IC50, were 0.92 and 1.27 microM, respectively, for pH 4.5 and pH 7.9), hydroxyl radicals (IC50 was 0.11 microM by deoxyribose method and 1.44 microM by electron spin resonance method), and superoxide radicals (IC50 were 2.65 microM) were determined in comparison with positive controls. The inhibitory activities against xanthine oxidase (IC50 were 30.49 microM) were measured. Geraniin also showed dose-dependent inhibitory activities against semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO, IC50 were 6.58 microM) and against angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE, IC50 were 13.22microM). For kinetic property determinations, geraniin showed competitive inhibitions against SSAO (the apparent inhibition constant, Ki, was 0.70microM) and mixed noncompetitive inhibitions against ACE. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR, 10-week age) were orally administered to once (5 mg geraniin/kg SHR), and changes of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured over 24 h and compared with the positive control of captopril (2 mg/kg SHR). The geraniin showed antihypertensive activity in lowering SBP and DBP and showed a significant difference from the blank (distilled water) at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 h. Healthy food products could use geraniin for antioxidant protection and therapeutic effects in the future.     

叶下珠人工种植正交实验研究

目的:研究人工种植条件下叶下珠的生长发育规律、产量构成及影响因素,为叶下珠规范化种植提供依据。方法:3因素3水平正交设计田间实验,并将种植叶下珠与野生叶下珠进行性状比较。结果与结论:人工种植条件下叶下珠的株高、分枝数、单株干重等性状均比野生叶下珠有极大的提高,其中单株产量提高达3.27倍;播种期是影响叶下珠单位面积产量和单株性状的最敏感因素,不同播种密度和施肥水平对产量也有显著影响;叶下珠4月中旬前期播种,20 cm行距条播,1周左右开始出苗,6至8月为生长旺盛期,9月份生长减缓,10月下旬采收,每公顷产量可达5 750 kg。     

广西余甘子叶导数光谱鉴别的研究

[目的]为广西余甘子叶的鉴别提供科学依据。[方法]采用紫外-可见光谱法。[结果]广西余甘子叶紫外-可见光谱法具有一定的光谱特征，且大多数回流液比冷浸液的吸收峰强。[结论]本研究可为广西余甘子叶的鉴别提供辅助手段。     

In vitro antiviral activity of Phyllanthus orbicularis extracts against herpes simplex virus type 1

The antiviral activity of butanol- and acetic acid-soluble fractions, prepared from the leaves and stems of Phyllanthus orbicularis H.B.K., has been investigated against acyclovir-sensitive or -resistant herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) strains, using human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) and green ape kidney (Vero) cell lines. Both fractions showed antiviral selectivity indexes (SI) from 10.3 to 22.8, while their extracellular virucidal activities reached SI values ranging from 371 to 1,040. Time-addition experiments suggested that the active compounds present in the studied fractions acted on early steps of the virus replication cycle.     

叶下珠复方Ⅱ号对HSC—T6增殖及TIMP—lmRNA表达的影响

目的观察叶下珠复方Ⅱ号对肝星状细胞（HSC～T6）增殖及基质金属蛋白酶抑制因子mRNA（TIMP—lmRNA）表达的影响，探讨叶下珠复方Ⅱ号抗肝纤维化效果和作用机理。方法体外培养HSC—T6，随机分为对照组和叶下珠复方Ⅱ号5．00、2．50和1．25mg／ml组。加药后用MTT法检测各组HSC—T6增殖变化，且采用RT—PCR方法测定各组HSC—T6的TIMP—lmRNA表达。结果叶下珠复方Ⅱ号各剂量组药物对HSC—T6的增殖有明显的抑制作用，且TIMP—lmRNA表达都低于正常对照组。结论叶下珠复方Ⅱ号能押制HSC—T6增殖和TIMP—lmRNA表达，从而减弱TIMP—l对基质金属蛋白酶的抑制作用，促进ECM的降解，这可能是叶下珠复方Ⅱ号抗肝纤维化的作用机制之一。     

Antidiabetic and antioxidant effect of various fractions of Phyllanthus simplex in alloxan diabetic rats

Aim of the study

To evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of various fractions of Phyllanthus simplex on alloxan induced diabetes in rats.

Materials and methods

Hypoglycemic effect of Phyllanthus simplex fractions was evaluated in normal and diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate (120 mg/kg). Normal and diabetic rats were divided into different groups (six rats each group) and orally administered with petroleum ether (P.E.) (200 and 400 mg/kg), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) (100 and 200 mg/kg), methanol (125 and 250 mg/kg), water fraction (150 and 300 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (10 mg/kg) for 21 days. Blood samples were collected from overnight fasted normal rats on day 21, from overnight fasted diabetic rats at 7, 14 and 21 days of treatment and analyzed for blood glucose level. On day 22 blood samples were collected from diabetic rats to estimate biochemical parameters, rats were sacrificed by single stunning and tissues were excised to measure their antioxidant and glycogen status.

Results

In the normoglycemic rats, MeOH (125 and 250 mg/kg) and aqueous fractions (150 and 300 mg/kg) showed a significant (P < 0.05) hypoglycemic effect on day 21. In diabetic control rats, MeOH (125 and 250 mg/kg) and aqueous fractions (150 and 300 mg/kg) showed significant antihyperglycemic effect (P < 0.001). The active fractions (MeOH and aqueous) of Phyllanthus simplex also increased the body weight of diabetic rats significantly compared to the control group. The active fractions were able to normalize the marked alterations in antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant parameters levels in liver and kidney. Treatment with the active fractions also normalized the diabetic induced hyperlipidemia and liver glycogen.

Conclusions

These results demonstrate the antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of fractions of Phyllanthus simplex and suggests that the plant may have therapeutic value in diabetes and related complications.     

余甘子提取物的抗炎作用研究

目的 研究余甘子提取物对炎症的抑制作用.方法 选用18.0～22.0 g小白鼠建立炎症模型.设正常对照组,余甘子高浓度组与低浓度组,阿司匹林组.用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀、醋酸至小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加.结果 余甘子提取物高浓度与低浓度对二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀、醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加均有显著的抑制作用.结论 余甘子提取物具有明显的抗炎作用.     

二仙汤合苦味叶下珠治疗慢性乙型肝炎32例疗效观察

[目的]观察二仙汤合苦味叶下珠治疗慢性乙型肝炎的效果。[方法]对32例非干扰素、核苷类似物适应证的乙肝患者,用中药汤剂二仙汤合并叶下珠胶囊治疗。[结果]32例中,显效2例,有效25例,总有效率达84.4%。[结论]二仙汤结合叶下珠胶囊施治于非干扰素、核苷类似物适应证的乙肝患者,标本兼治,疗效显著。