HIV感染者和AIDS患者抑郁与社会支持调查

目的:了解艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者和艾滋病(AIDS)患者的社会支持、抑郁状况,分析其相关的影响因素.方法:通过立意抽样采用一般情况问卷、社会支持评定量表(SSS)和自评抑郁量表(SDS)对106名HIV感染者和AIDS患者进行调查.采用方差分析和多元线性回归方法对凋查结果进行分析.结果:HIV感染者和AIDS患者S...     

儿童急性下呼吸道感染常见病毒的流行状态分析

目的分析长沙地区儿童急性下呼吸道感染（ALRTI）常见病毒的流行状态。方法对2007年9月至2008年8月本院儿科医学中心住院临床诊断为ALRTI的患儿1165例,采集患儿鼻咽部分泌物,应用RT—PCR进行常见呼吸道病毒核酸检测,包括RSV、HRV、PIV1～3、和IFA、IFB,PCR方法检测ADV,分析急性下呼吸道感染患儿病毒检出率及病毒感染与年龄、季节的关系。结果1165例患儿中,783例检出至少1种病毒,检出率为67．2％。其中RSV检出率27％,其次是HRV（17．4％）和PIV3（13．9％）。病毒感染的高峰在秋冬季节。不同年龄组病毒的总检出率比较差异有统计学意义,≤12个月组病毒检出率较高为67．5％,〉60个月组病毒检出率最低为42．9％。783例中2种或2种以上病毒混合感染检出率为36．3％,≤12个月组混合感染检出率最高为63．7％,〉36个月组混合感染检出率仅为8．5％。结论ALRTI患儿中常见病毒感染的高峰在秋冬季节;检出的呼吸道病毒中RSV感染检出率最高,其次为HRV和PIV3;≤12个月患儿病毒感染检出率及混合感染率最高;最常见的混合感染类型是RSV和HRV两种病毒混合感染。     

Animal movement and establishment of vaccinia virus Cantagalo strain in Amazon biome, Brazil

To understand the emergence of vaccinia virus Cantagalo strain in the Amazon biome of Brazil, during 2008-2010 we conducted a molecular and epidemiologic survey of poxvirus outbreaks. Data indicate that animal movement was the major cause of virus dissemination within Rondonia State, leading to the establishment and spread of this pathogen.     

Organoids in modelling infectious diseases

Approaches based on animal and two-dimensional (2D) cell culture models cannot ensure reliable results in modeling novel pathogens or in drug testing in the short term; therefore, there is rising interest in platforms such as organoids. To develop a toolbox that can be used successfully to overcome current issues in modeling various infections, it is essential to provide a framework of recent achievements in applying organoids. Organoids have been used to study viruses, bacteria, and protists that cause, for example, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and liver diseases. Their future as models of infection will be associated with improvements in system complexity, including abilities to model tissue structure, a dynamic microenvironment, and coinfection.Teaser.Organoids are a flexible tool for modelling viral, bacterial and protist infections. They can provide fast and reliable information on the biology of pathogens and in drug screening, and thus have become essential in combatting emerging infectious diseases.     

Telemedicine in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is a positive single-stranded RNA virus that can be immediately translated and integrated into the host cell with its own RNA messenger, facilitating replication inside the cell and infectivity. The rapid progression of the disease presents a real challenge for the whole world. As the usual capacity for citizen care is exceeded, health professionals and governments struggle. One of the most important strategies to reduce and mitigate the advance of the epidemic are social distance measures; this is where telemedicine can help, and provide support to the healthcare systems, especially in the areas of public health, prevention and clinical practices, just as it is doing in others sectors.Telemedicine connects the convenience, low cost, and ready accessibility of health-related information and communication using the Internet and associated technologies. Telemedicine during the coronavirus epidemic has been the doctors’ first line of defense to slow the spread of the coronavirus, keeping social distancing and providing services by phone or videoconferencing for mild to focus personal care and limited supplies to the most urgent cases.     

Current and emerging therapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer: A comprehensive review

Colorectal cancer (CRC) affects 1 in 23 males and 1 in 25 females, making it the third most common cancer. With roughly 608000 deaths worldwide, CRC accounts for 8% of all cancer-related deaths, making it the second most common cause of death due to cancer. Standard and conventional CRC treatments include surgical expurgation for resectable CRC and radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and their combinational regimen for non-resectable CRC. Despite these tactics, nearly half of patients develop incurable recurring CRC. Cancer cells resist the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs in a variety of ways, including drug inactivation, drug influx and efflux modifications, and ATP-binding cassette transporter overexpression. These constraints necessitate the development of new target-specific therapeutic strategies. Emerging therapeutic approaches, such as targeted immune boosting therapies, non-coding RNA-based therapies, probiotics, natural products, oncolytic viral therapies, and biomarker-driven therapies, have shown promising results in preclinical and clinical studies. We tethered the entire evolutionary trends in the development of CRC treatments in this review and discussed the potential of new therapies and how they might be used in conjunction with conventional treatments as well as their advantages and drawbacks as future medicines.     

A Randomized Phase II Study of FOLFOX6/Bevacizumab With or Without Pelareorep in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: IND.210, a Canadian Cancer Trials Group Trial

Background

Oncolytic reovirus pelareorep might preferentially infect and destroy rat sarcoma (RAS)-activated cells, and has preclinical and early clinical activity against colorectal cancer (CRC).

河北省虫媒病毒分离鉴定

目的 研究河北省蚊虫携带虫媒病毒情况。方法 在蚊虫孳生地采集标本液氯保存，按照20—30只／组经无菌处理后研磨，研磨液离心后接种C6／36细胞，连续三代观察致细胞病变情况；对细胞病变阳性的分离物，进行血清学和分子生物学鉴定。结果 在河北省涉县两个村共采集蚊虫1310只，分46组进行处理，共获得13株阳性分离物，其中两株分离物经间接免疫荧光检测提示为甲病毒属成员，用甲病毒属特异性引物RT-PCR扩增阳性，经核酸序列测定证实该序列与Getah病毒（AY702913．1）同源性最高（98％），初步鉴定为Getah病毒，其他病毒分离物尚在鉴定。结论 本研究从河北省蚊虫标本中分离到Getah病毒，这是我国内陆地区首次分离到该病毒。