新建或迁建血站正式运行前的确认工作探讨

在迁建新业务大楼正式投入运行前,采用质量审核、试运行、目视检查等方法,分阶段确认新建血站的基础设施、设备、环境、工作流程等是否达到预期要求,探讨新血站系统化确认方法。新建或迁建后的血站在正式启用前应对其所涉及的建筑设施、设备、环境、工作流程等进行全面且系统的确认,以更好地保障血液质量与安全。     

医学科技期刊新媒体爆款文章的特征及生成策略——以《协和医学杂志》实践为例

【目的】 探析医学科技期刊新媒体爆款文章的特征及生成策略。 【方法】 以《协和医学杂志》为例,筛选出其在今日头条平台2018年10月至2020年12月阅读量为“10万+”的爆款文章,分析文章特征,并从资源挖掘、内容生产及推广传播环节提出有效策略。 【结果】 医学科技期刊新媒体爆款文章具有话题热、标题靓、排版精、互动深的特点;借力平台优势、融合科普定位、发挥“意见领袖”作用、巧搭新闻热点事件、精心设计版式以及多网媒滚筒式传播均为医学科技期刊新媒体爆款文章生成的有力之举。 【结论】 医学科技期刊新媒体深挖优势资源,把好内容及传播环节,策略性运营,可为爆款文章生成提供保障,进而提升期刊品牌影响力和新媒体综合实力。     

Rising Ethnic Inequalities in Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease,New Zealand, 2000–2018

We describe trends in acute rheumatic fever (ARF), rheumatic heart disease (RHD), and RHD deaths among population groups in New Zealand. We analyzed initial primary ARF and RHD hospitalizations during 2000–2018 and RHD mortality rates during 2000–2016. We found elevated rates of initial ARF hospitalizations for persons of Māori (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] 11.8, 95% CI 10.0–14.0) and Pacific Islander (aRR 23.6, 95% CI 19.9–27.9) ethnicity compared with persons of European/other ethnicity. We also noted higher rates of initial RHD hospitalization for Māori (aRR 3.2, 95% CI 2.9–3.5) and Pacific Islander (aRR 4.6, 95% CI 4.2–5.1) groups and RHD deaths among these groups (Māori aRR 12.3, 95% CI 10.3–14.6, and Pacific Islanders aRR 11.2, 95% CI 9.1–13.8). Rates also were higher in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods. To curb high rates of ARF and RHD, New Zealand must address increasing social and ethnic inequalities.     

COVID-19 and Infant Hospitalizations for Seasonal Respiratory Virus Infections,New Zealand, 2020

In March 2020, a national elimination strategy for coronavirus disease was introduced in New Zealand. Since then, hospitalizations for lower respiratory tract infection among infants <2 years of age and cases of respiratory syncytial or influenza virus infection have dramatically decreased. These findings indicate additional benefits of coronavirus disease control strategies.     

What components are important for effective healthcare alliance governance? Findings from a modified Delphi study in New Zealand

Alliance governance is a form of governance developed in industry settings and more recently applied to healthcare. The core idea behind alliance governance is to involve the many stakeholders in the system to collaboratively develop a joint programme that promotes an integrated and whole of systems approach to care. Little is known about the model in healthcare, nor what those involved in an alliance should be focused upon. Using a modified Delphi method, this research presents a set of components that research participants agreed should underpin development of an effective alliance governance arrangement.These characteristics include a systems perspective—a truly shared governance protocol based on a shared vision and a common purpose; performance measurement—collecting and using real-time data that depicts the realities of an end-to-end system to establish better and more achievable goals based on alliance performance; a relational perspective to promote trust, respect and collaboration amongst alliance members, who historically have been competing for contracts and resources; structural changes that enable and promote a shared governance system; and, finally, equity and inclusion to ensure a diverse alliance which promotes diversity of ideas, and involvement of all stakeholders in the decision making process. This research is relevant to policymakers seeking to develop effective alliance-type arrangements as well as to those involved in the practice of alliance governance.     

北京地区病毒性脑炎患者病原体的分离和初步鉴定

１９９１年夏秋季，我们从４１例北京儿童医院临床诊断为病毒性脑炎（非乙脑）患者的７５份急性期血和／或脑脊液中分离到３３株病毒。对其中１２株进行电镜观察，电镜下均见大小相同的球形病毒颗粒，毒粒的直径约为４４．７８±１．３５ｕｍ，无囊膜，具双层蛋白外壳，视野内多见空心颗粒。超薄切片显示病毒在感染细胞的胞浆内发生，直径约为４７．６±２．３ｕｍ。正常细胞中未见病毒颗粒。对其中３株病毒进行理化性状分析，多次试验均显示该病毒抵抗５＇－碘脱氧尿苷，抵抗乙醚，耐酸，能在地鼠肾ＢＨＫ－２１和白纹伊蚊Ｃ６／３６细胞上增殖并出现细胞病变。该病毒与本室制备的披膜病毒科甲组、乙脑病毒和布尼亚病毒科的组特异性免疫腹水均不反应。脑内接种３日龄乳小白鼠可引起不规律的发病和死亡。上述结果表明，该病毒是一类４５ｕｍ左右、无囊膜、耐酸的ＲＮＡ病毒。