A review of breastfeeding training intervention studies that evaluate staff knowledge outcomes in NICU

BackgroundThe NICU environment presents many barriers for mothers to provide breast milk for their infants. In order to succeed, mothers require advice and assistance from healthcare staff, however some staff lack the necessary knowledge and skills to support them. This review evaluates studies of breastfeeding education interventions on staff knowledge outcomes.MethodsA systematic search of the literature was conducted. Research studies that measured NICU staff knowledge outcomes of training were included.ResultsFrom 94 studies identified, four were included, each demonstrated significant positive effects on staff knowledge outcomes following a breastfeeding educational intervention in NICU. There were no RCTs, three studies used a pre and post-test design, and one used a post-test only design. One study performed a time series analysis of knowledge, staff attitudes and beliefs and two studies conducted an audit of breastfeeding rates.ConclusionsThis review identified a lack of good quality evidence on the effectiveness of breastfeeding educational interventions for staff in NICU. Future research should address the breastfeeding education needs of multidisciplinary healthcare staff in NICU through large, well-conducted RCTs.     

Supporting people with young onset dementia and their families: An evaluation of a training course for care workers

This article reports the findings of an evaluation of a training course for care workers who care for people with dementia in the community. Twenty-four care workers participated in the training which took place in London and Surrey, United Kingdom. The training had a significant positive impact on participants’ confidence in understanding the experiences and social care needs of people with young onset dementia (YOD) and their families. Participants also perceived that the training would help them improve their working practice by furthering their understanding of practical approaches to supporting and caring for people with dementia in general. Additionally, participants reported many ways in which they perceived being able to specifically support and empower people with YOD. It was concluded that the short training course improved knowledge and confidence for care workers on dementia care, and specifically in understanding how to support people with YOD and their families. Dementia specific training should be considered by service managers as a way of potentially increasing care worker job satisfaction.     

社会心理执业技能培训在住院医师规范化培训中的应用

【】 目的 探讨在住院医师规范化培训中开展社会心理执业技能的意义。方法 选择2012年在湖北医药学院附属人民医院17个住院医师规范化培训基地参加培训的138人,进行社会心理职业技能培训。 结果 ①对医患关系认知情况的问卷调查表明,培训后有56.5%的医师认为存在自身的医患沟通技巧不足,66.7%的认为良好的沟通技巧是接诊患者中最为主要的,较培训前有差异(P＜0.05)。②对社会心理执业技能掌握情况的对比结果表明,培训后有86.2%的医师认为问诊时应该倾听患者的诉说,79.8%认为有必要构建良好的沟通气氛,87.7%认为培训可以提高沟通技巧,79.8%认为住院医师规范化培训是进行社会心理执业技能培训的最佳阶段,较培训前有明显差异(P＜0.01)。③SEGUE问卷评分显示,培训后医师的医患沟通能力明显高于培训前,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。④OSCE评分成绩显示,培训后医师的总成绩及每一项合格率(＞60分)的人数与培训前比较,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。⑤进行笔试部分、8项技能操作及面试后进行考核成绩比较,培训前后医师在技能技能考核中差异明显(P＜0.05)。结论 住院医师规范化培训遵循医学教育和医学人才成长规律,在此阶段加强医师社会心理执业技能的培养,符合新的医学模式的要求,可持续提升医疗卫生服务能力和水平,值得推广。     

灌注师从受训到独立的成长体会

目的总结基层医院灌注师从接受培训到独立开展体外循环（CPB）管理的成长体会。方法作者由地方二级甲等医院选送到三级甲等医院进修,分两次为期15个月的CPB培训。从零基础到独立完成CPB管理,配合心脏手术从简单到复杂,从小儿到成人,不断加深认识,提高操作技术。结果独立开展200例CPB灌注,全部无中途被迫停机、管道进气等重大技术事件发生。结论在掌握CPB技术的基本原理和操作技能的基础上,建立足够的自信心、加强团队间的沟通和协调,充分做好术前准备、才能更好的完成CPB临床工作。     

Students’ artistic experience before and during graduate training

This qualitative study investigated creative arts therapies students’ relationship with the arts during a pre-training phase beginning student phase, and advanced student phase. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes and patterns within the data. Major findings suggest that during the pre-training phase, art therapy students, followed by dance movement therapy students, had more extensive learning and practical experience in their art form than drama therapy students. Also during this phase, art therapy students use their art form for self-care more often than did dance movement therapy students, and there were no indications of drama being used for self-care by drama therapy students. During training, most students refrained from personal art making outside of training due to lack of time and money; students’ conception of their art form changed from aesthetic product to expressive process; and in-training exposure to different modalities as well as professional socialization in practicum cultivated students’ individual and collective professional identity. Policy and practice implications are suggested and recommendations for further research are offered.     

Inserción de la simulación clínica en el currículum de Anestesiología en un hospital universitario. Evaluación de la aceptabilidad de los participantes

IntroductionClinical simulation is currently an integral part of the curriculum of the Anesthesiology residency programs in other countries. We aimed to describe and evaluate the insertion of simulation in an anesthesia residency training program.MethodsActivities feasible to be used for training in a simulated environment were classified into 2 modules: workshops for technical skills conducted with first year residents, and high fidelity simulation scenarios performed with second and third year residents. After each activity, and using an anonymous questionnaire, residents assessed their satisfaction and objectives accomplished.ResultsA total of 18 activities: 6 skills workshops and 12 high fidelity scenarios were assessed. A total of 206 questionnaires were analyzed, corresponding to 41 residents. Almost all (96%) of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that workshops met the objectives and should be mandatory in the anesthesia curriculum; however, 11% agreed that the activity caused anxiety and/or nervousness. The high fidelity scenarios were considered realistic and consistent with the objectives by 97% of residents, and 42% felt that workshops caused anxiety and/or nervousness.ConclusionsThe inclusion of simulation has been well accepted by the residents. The activities have been described as realistic, and limited to the objectives, essential points in adult education, as according to Kolb's learning model this is associated with profound, useful and long lasting knowledge.     

Free Online Consumer Health Classes

Abstract

The National Library of Medicine (NLM) provides many avenues for consumers to find and evaluate online health information. In addition to the consumer health Web sites NLM has developed, there are numerous online training modules available through The National Network of Libraries of Medicine's “National Training Center and Clearinghouse's Educational Database.” This database lists available classes and provides contact information for libraries across the country that offer training and education in using the NLM Web sites and in finding and evaluating health information online.     

社区医师中医外科培养模式探讨

社区中医医师工作虽取得了很大进展,但仍存在一定不足,如知识掌握不全面、缺乏中医特色治疗方法等,这在外科专业体现得尤为突出,本文归纳总结了目前社区医师中医外科知识技能培养中存在的不足及具体解决办法,以期优化社区医师中医外科培养模式,使社区工作能再上一个台阶。