Helicobacter pylori and colorectal neoplasia: Is there a causal link?

Ever since Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) was recognized as an infectious cause of gastric cancer, there has been increasing interest in examining its potential role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Data from casecontrol and cross-sectional studies, mostly relying on hospital-based samples, and several meta-analyses have shown a positive statistical relationship between H. pylori infection and colorectal neoplasia. However, the possibility exists that the results have been influenced by bias, including the improper selection of patients and disparities with respect to potential confounders. While the evidence falls short of a definitive causal link, it appears that infection with H. pylori /H. pylori-related gastritis is associated with an increased, although modest, risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer. The pathogenic mechanisms responsible for this association remain uncertain. H. pylori has been detected in colorectal malignant tissues; however, the possibility that H. pylori is a direct activator of colonic carcinogenesis remains purely hypothetical. On the other hand, experimental data have indicated a series of potential oncogenic interactions between these bacteria and colorectal mucosa, including induction and perpetuation of inflammatory responses, alteration of gut microflora and release of toxins and/or hormonal mediators, such as gastrin, which may contribute to tumor formation.     

丹芪祛瘀止痛汤对慢性萎缩性胃炎患者血清胃蛋白酶原及相关指标的影响

目的:探讨丹芪祛瘀止痛汤对慢性萎缩性胃炎患者血清胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ(PGⅠ)、胃蛋白酶原Ⅱ(PGⅡ)及血清相关指标的影响。方法:以90例慢性萎缩性胃炎患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组(45例,给予四联杀菌方治疗)和研究组(45例,在对照组治疗的基础上给予丹芪祛瘀止痛汤治疗)。观察两组治疗后临床疗效及不良反应,对比治疗前后中医证候积分、胃黏膜血流量、PGⅠ、PGⅡ、胃泌素17(G-17)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、表皮生长因子(EGF)水平。结果:治疗前,两组胃脘隐痛且痛有定处拒按、夜间疼痛明显、嗳气吐酸、口干发苦、乏力、食少、便溏、胃窦小弯、胃窦前壁、胃窦大弯、胃窦后壁的血流量、PGⅠ、PGⅡ、G-17、TNF-α、IL-1β、EGF水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05); 治疗后,两组胃脘隐痛且痛有定处拒按、夜间疼痛明显、嗳气吐酸、口干发苦、乏力、食少、便溏、PGⅠ、G-17、TNF-α、IL-1β水平均较治疗前降低,胃窦小弯、胃窦前壁、胃窦大弯、胃窦后壁的血流量较治疗前更快,PGⅡ、EGF水平较治疗前升高,与对照组相比,研究组临床疗效、胃脘隐痛且痛有定处拒按、夜间疼痛明显、嗳气吐酸、口干发苦、乏力、食少、便溏、PGⅠ、G-17、TNF-α、IL-1β水平更低,胃窦小弯、胃窦前壁、胃窦大弯、胃窦后壁的血流量更快,PGⅡ、EGF水平更高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在治疗过程中,两组均未出现不良反应。结论:丹芪祛瘀止痛汤能够有效改善慢性萎缩性胃炎患者临床症状,且能够调节胃黏膜血流量、血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ及血清相关指标水平,可在临床应用。     

Serum levels of gastric-acid-stimulating factors in children undergoing open heart surgery

Purpose  Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a feared consequence of open heart surgery in children. Increased gastric acid secretion is a known key factor in the pathogenesis of gastritis and upper intestinal ulcerations. The aim of this study is to evaluate the serum kinetics of acid-stimulating factors and associated perioperative parameters after heart surgery in children. Methods  Fifteen pediatric patients after open heart surgery and 15 children with cardiac catheterization were included in this study. Serum levels of gastrin, histidine, alanine, and tryptophan were analyzed before and up to 26 h after surgery. Results  In the postoperative period there was a significant elevation of gastrin with a peak at 4 h after surgery. Serum histidine was increased significantly immediately after surgery only in patients undergoing heart surgery with cardioplegia. No association of gastrin and histidine elevation with ischemia, perfusion time or lactate was observed. Conclusion  Factors that are responsible for postoperative gastrin elevation still have to be determined. Circumstances of extracorporeal circulation (ECC) in low-risk patients most likely do not lead to relevant elevation of amino acids with acid-stimulatory effect in our study population.     

θ��Ѫ��θ���غ������ߵ�ԭ�����

目的 研究胃癌病人血清胃泌素（Gs）含量升高的原因。方法 应用放免法测定胃癌病人血清Cs含量,并分析其与胃癌发生部位、临床病理分期、预后的关系以及手术前后血清Gs的变化。结果 胃口地底贲门癌病人血清Gs值明显升高,而胃窦癌、胃体癌血清Gs值与正常对照组接近;随着胃癌临床病理分期的进展,血清Gs含量逐渐升高;胃癌术后2周血清Gs含量虽明显下降,但术后3个月恢复到与术前水平相当;对41例不能手术切除的胃癌病人进行随访,发现生存期超过1年者血清Gs含量与生存期未超过1年者接近。结论 胃癌病人血清Gs升高是一种继发性改变,不能作为一种肿瘤标志物,也不能作为一个预后因素。     

保留幽门的胃窦黏膜切除加高选择性迷走神经切断术后临床疗效观察

目的观察保留幽门的胃窦黏膜切除加高选择性迷走神经切断术(高选迷切术)治疗十二指肠溃疡的疗效。方法对实施该术式的48例患者术后3～6个月及8～12年临床随访结果进行分析总结。结果全组无死亡病例。术后3～6个月及8～12年VisickⅠ～Ⅱ级分别为93.8％和95.3％。术后胃酸及胃窦黏膜幽门螺杆菌感染率与术前比较明显降低(P＜0.05),术后胃液胆酸及血清胃泌素无明显改变,X线钡餐及胃镜检查未发现溃疡复发。结论保留幽门的胃窦黏膜切除加高选迷切术不仅能保留胃窦、幽门功能,使胃内环境保护相对稳定,而且能有效、持久地降低胃酸分泌,减少溃疡复发和术后并发症的发生,是治疗十二指肠溃疡较理想的术式。     

胃泌素和Ki-67在胃癌及其癌前病变中的表达

目的研究不同胃黏膜病变组织中胃泌素和Ki-67的表达,探讨胃泌素在胃癌发生中的作用。方法96例不同胃黏膜病变组织来自胃镜活检标本。采用免疫组织化学染色技术检测胃泌素和Ki-67表达。结果胃泌素在浅表性胃炎（CSG）、萎缩性胃炎（CAG）、肠化生（IM）、异型增生（Dy）和胃癌（GC）中表达的阳性率分别为58.8 %、30.0%、57.9 %、68.2%和77.8%,CAG组与GC组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);从CSG→GC,Ki 67增殖指数（PI）呈逐渐递增趋势,且从CAG→GC,胃泌素的表达与PI呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论胃泌素在萎缩性胃炎中呈低表达,在胃黏膜肠化生、异型增生及胃癌中,表达异常增高;胃泌素与胃癌的发生有关。     

胃泌素对胃癌细胞粘着斑激酶酪氨酸磷酸化的影响

背景与目的:胃泌素能够刺激胃癌细胞的生长和增殖,这一作用同酪氨酸激酶有关。本研究旨在阐明胃泌素对人胃癌细胞内粘着斑激酶(focaladhesion kinase,FAK)酪氨酸磷酸化的影响。方法:用人胃泌素受体(gastrinreceptor,GR)的真核表达载体pCR3.1/GR,转染人胃癌细胞株SGC7901,增强胃泌素受体表达;用胃泌素受体拮抗剂L-365260,抑制胃泌素和其受体结合;以不同浓度和作用时间的胃泌素刺激胃癌细胞,利用免疫沉淀和蛋白质印迹法检测上述情况下,FAK酪氨酸磷酸化的变化。结果:分别用0.1nmol/L、1nmol/L和10nmol/L的胃泌素作用后,转染pCR3.1/GR的SGC7901细胞内FAK酪氨酸磷酸化表达量分别为0.64±0.06、0.91±0.10和1.00±0.10,高于SGC7901细胞的0.40±0.05、0.52±0.07和0.62±0.06(P<0.01);转染pCR3.1/GR的SGC7901细胞内FAK酪氨酸磷酸化表达量分别为0.72±0.08、0.83±0.05、0.88±0.06和1.00±0.08,高于SGC7901细胞的0.59±0.05、0.65±0.07、0.58±0.03和0.47±0.10(P<0.01或P<0.05)。胃泌素受体拮抗剂L-365260使转染pCR3.1/GR的SGC7901细胞内FAK酪氨酸磷酸化表达量从1.00±0.07降至0.72±0.07(P<0.01),使SGC7901细胞内表达量由0.62±0.06降至0.45±0.05(P<0.01)。在此过程中,FAK蛋白表达量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:FAK是胃泌素和其受体结合后发挥效应的关键下游信号分子,酪氨酸磷酸化是其活性形式。     

柴芍六君子汤治疗消化性溃疡的随机平行对照研究

目的:观察柴芍六君子汤治疗消化性溃疡的临床症状改善、胃镜疗效、组织学炎症改善等方面的疗效。方法:采用随机平行对照方法对经胃镜检查确诊为消化性溃疡患者进行分析,对照组给予埃索美拉唑治疗,治疗组在上述治疗的基础上予柴芍六君子汤,疗程6周。结果:两组临床总有效率、血清胃泌素(Gas)比较均有统计学意义。结论:柴芍六君子汤治疗消化性溃疡能够发挥协同作用、增强疗效,降低不良反应,值得推广。     

清热解毒凉血化瘀中药对慢加亚急性肝衰竭内毒素胃泌素及胃动素的干预作用

目的:分析慢加亚急性肝衰竭患者内毒素、胃泌素、胃动素的病情相关性并评价清热解毒凉血化瘀中药的干预作用。方法:临床收集69例慢加亚急性肝衰竭患者,其中早期26例,中期21例,晚期22例(并发上消化道出血12例),并设立22例Child-PughA级肝硬化患者对照观察,检测内毒素、胃泌素、胃动素水平并观察中药疗效。结果:①治疗后显效22例,有效32例,无效15例,总有效率78.26%,各期疗效差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。②血清内毒素、血浆胃泌素、胃动素与肝损伤程度呈正相关,合并上消化道出血时各指标水平均值最高;各组之间两两比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗后慢加亚急性肝衰竭患者各期以及对照组ET、Gas、MTL值组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);慢加亚急性肝衰竭患者各期与对照组ET、Gas、MTL值比较,除早期无统计学意义外,其余各期均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:慢加亚急性肝衰竭患者内毒素、胃泌素、胃动素水平升高与肝损伤程度相关,其水平变化有助于肝衰竭病情判断及预后估计,是上消化道出血的重要因素;在西医综合治疗基础上运用中医清热解毒凉血化瘀法可有效治疗慢加亚急性肝衰竭,疗效与病情分期相关,早期疗效明显。     

康复护理加用药饼灸对慢性萎缩性胃炎患者血清胃蛋白酶原及胃泌素的影响探究

目的探究康复护理加用药饼灸对慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)患者血清胃蛋白酶原及胃泌素(GS)的影响。方法 120例慢性萎缩性胃炎患者,随机分为实验组及对照组,每组60例。对照组患者在康复护理基础上加用常规药物治疗,实验组患者在康复护理基础上联合药饼灸治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后症状评分、血清胃蛋白酶原及胃泌素水平。结果治疗后,实验组患者症状评分为(2.32±0.28)分,显著低于对照组的(4.98±0.32)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组患者血清胃蛋白酶Ⅰ(PGⅠ)、胃蛋白酶Ⅱ(PGⅡ)及胃泌素水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组患者的血清胃蛋白酶Ⅰ及胃泌素水平均明显高于本组治疗前,且实验组显著高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。但两组患者治疗前后血清胃蛋白酶Ⅱ水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论康复护理加用药饼灸可有效改善慢性萎缩性胃炎患者的临床症状,同时使患者血清胃蛋白酶原及胃泌素表达升高,可调控疾病的发生发展,对临床治疗起到了一定的指导意义。