HPLC测定肉桂配方颗粒中的桂皮醛和桂皮酸

目的 建立测定肉桂配方颗粒中桂皮醛和肉桂酸含量的方法.方法 采用HPLC法,色谱柱为Hydrosphere C_(18)(250mm×4.6 mn,5 μm),流动相为乙腈-水-0.1%磷酸溶液(35:25:40),流速为1.0 mL·min~(-1),检测波长为287 nm.结果 桂皮醛的线性范围为0.75～7.50μg(r=0.9995),平均回收率为98.2%(RSD=1.61%);肉桂酸的线性范围为0.22～1.32μg(r=0.9992),平均回收率为97.9%(RSD=1.32%).结论 所建方法简便、灵敏、准确,专属性较强,可有效地控制肉桂配方颗粒的质量.     

Influence of composition upon the variety of tastes in Cinnamomi Cortex

Cinnamomi Cortex, which is normally referred to as cinnamon, is a very popular spice as well as an important natural medicine. High-quality cinnamon is traditionally believed to taste sweet and be strongly pungent without astringency. Cinnamomi Cortex with larger amounts of cinnamaldehyde was sweeter in taste comparisons. The contents of tannins and sugars in cinnamon powder had little effect on the taste. Evaluations of the sweetness and pungency of cinnamaldehyde solutions (0.1, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/ml) were performed using volunteers. The scores for sweetness increased significantly from 0.10 to 0.50 mg/ml (P < 0.05, Mann–Whitney U-test), but there was no significant difference above 0.75 mg/ml. The concentration threshold for the sweet taste of cinnamaldehyde appeared to be less than 0.75 mg/ml, and the more concentrated solutions gave excessive pungency. Therefore, two contrastive tastes of Cinnamomi Cortex, sweet and pungent, were both attributed to cinnamaldehyde. Consequently, its taste, one of its indices of quality, seems to vary mainly according to the content of cinnamaldehyde.     

肉桂枝和叶中肉桂油的分析

对不同采收期的肉桂树叶、肉桂树枝和叶混合品、肉桂枝的鲜品和干品所含挥发油的理化常数作了分析。结果可为改进肉桂油的加工及提高肉桂树的利用度提供依据。     

Cinnamaldehyde induces changes in the protein profile of Salmonella Typhimurium biofilm

The effect of cinnamaldehyde against biofilm cells of Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028 was evaluated. We also assessed differential protein patterns that were expressed by biofilms compared with planktonic cells and protein expression by cinnamaldehyde-treated biofilms cells. This compound decreased biofilm biomass and metabolic activity of biofilms at both concentrations tested. Cinnamaldehyde treatment reduced the number of attached cells in polypropylene, reflected by colony count and scanning electron microscopy. The proteomic analysis of biofilms compared with planktonic cells indicated that several proteins were upregulated or downregulated, especially proteins that are involved in energy metabolism. Peroxiredoxin, ATP synthase alpha chain protein, conjugal transfer nickase/helicase TraI and elongation factor G were upregulated in untreated-biofilm cells, and their expression decreased as a function of cinnamaldehyde treatment. Cinnamaldehyde had antibiofilm activity, and several differentially expressed proteins identified provide potential and interesting targets to explore new control strategies for S. Typhimurium biofilms.     

高效液相色谱法测定八味肉桂胶囊中桂皮醛与桂皮酸的含量

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定八味肉桂胶囊中桂皮醛与桂皮酸的含量方法。方法：色谱柱：kromasil C18柱;流动相∶乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液（22∶78）;检测波长：285nm;流速：1.0mL·min-1。结果：桂皮酸线性范围为0.0042～0.0420mg·mL-1（r=0.9999）,回收率为98.28%,RSD为1.40%;桂皮醛线性范围为0.1224～1.2240mg·mL-1（r=0.9999）,回收率为98.35%,RSD为1.32%。结论：本方法简便、可靠、重现性较好,能起到控制八味肉桂胶囊质量的作用。     

蚁参蠲痹胶囊中桂皮醛的鉴别方法探讨

目的对蚁参蠲痹胶囊中桂皮醛的鉴别方法进行研究与改进,提高桂皮醛的鉴别灵敏度。方法采用高效液相色谱法对蚁参蠲痹胶囊中桂皮醛进行鉴别,色谱柱为Agilent HC-C18（5μm,250mm×4.6mm）;流动相为乙腈-水（30∶70）;流速1mL/min;柱温25℃;检测波长为290nm。结果改进后的方法使样品中的桂皮醛得到很好的分离,检出效果好。结论改进方法结果更真实,检出效果更好,可作为替代方法。     

复方藁本内酯微乳的制备和含量测定

目的:制备复方藁本内酯微乳并测定其主要成分藁本内酯和桂皮醛的含量.方法:制备复方藁本内酯微乳,HPLC法测定其主要成分含量.色谱柱为Inertsil ODS-3 (250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm).测定藁本内酯时流动相为乙腈∶甲醇∶水(10∶60∶30),柱温为5℃,检测波长为280 nm;测定桂皮醛时流动相为甲醇∶水(60∶ 40),柱温为25℃;检测波长为290 nm.流速均为1.0 ml·min-1.结果:藁本内酯在0.50 ～50.00 μg·ml-1(r =0.999 9),桂皮醛在1.30 ～130.18 μg· ml-1(r =0.999 8)范围内线性良好,藁本内酯的回收率为99.65％,RSD为0.97％(n=9);桂皮醛的回收率为99.81％,RSD为0.62％(n=9).结论:复方藁本内酯微乳制备简单,以HPLC方法测定其主成分含量快速,准确,可靠.     

Cinnamic aldehydes affect hydrolytic enzyme secretion and morphogenesis in oral Candida isolates

Effect of cinnamaldehyde (CD), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy cinnamaldehyde (HMCD) and 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxy cinnamaldehyde (HDMCD) on growth and virulence factors of standard (Candida albicans 90028) and 26 oral isolates of C. albicans has been investigated. Growth was significantly inhibited by all three compounds in both solid and liquid medium, no systematic difference was observed between various isolates. MIC₉₀ ranged from 125 to 450 μg/ml for CD, 100–250 μg/ml for HMCD and 62.5–125 μg/ml for HDMCD. All oral isolates were found to be proteinase and phospholipase secretors, both proteinase and phospholipase secretion was significantly inhibited by all the three tested molecules. No systematic difference in secretion or its inhibition was observed between standard and oral isolates as also between various isolates. Average drop in proteinase and phospholipase secretion caused by ½ MIC of CD was 33% and 28%, HMCD; 46% and 44%, HDMCD; 59% and 54%. The standard strain and all the 26 oral isolates displayed morphogenesis under triggering experimental conditions; no difference was seen between standard and various isolates. In the absence of test compounds hyphae development at 300 min was 83% for standard strain whereas average hyphae development for oral isolates was 85%. Average hyphal transition was suppressed by all tested compounds. At ½ MIC concentration at 300 min average hyphal transition of standard and oral isolates was CD; 49% and 57%, HMCD; 45% and 38%, HDMCD; 5% and 5%. Average haemolytic activity of the three tested compounds varied from 10 to 15% at their highest MIC compared to 20% shown by fluconazole at typical MIC of 30 μg/ml.     

Cinnamaldehyde suppresses NLRP3 derived IL-1β via activating succinate/HIF-1 in rheumatoid arthritis rats

Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is an essential component of cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia Presland), which is often used as a flavoring condiment in beverages, pastries, perfumes, etc. Cinnamon is also used as herbal medicine in China and Southeast Asia to treat rheumatoid arthritis. However, the molecular mechanism is unclear. In this study, we aim to investigate its anti-inflammatory effects against Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using activated macrophages (Raw246.7) in vitro and adjuvant arthritis rats (AA) in vivo. The results demonstrated that CA significantly reduced synovial inflammation in AA rats, possibly due to suppression of the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially the IL-1β. Further investigation found that CA also suppressed the activity of HIF-1α by inhibiting the accumulation of succinate in cytoplasm. As we know, the reduction of HIF-1α nucleation slows down IL-1β production, because HIF-1α activates the expression of NLRP3, which is involved in the assembly of inflammasome and processing of IL-1β. In addition, CA also inhibited the expression of the succinate receptor GPR91, which in turn inhibited the activation of HIF-1α. In conclusions, our results suggested that CA might be a potential therapeutic compound to relieve rheumatoid arthritis progress by suppressing IL-1β through modulating succinate/HIF-1α axis and inhibition of NLRP3.