HPLC-MS2法分析朝鲜淫羊藿中的化学成分

目的 研究朝鲜淫羊藿中的化学成分。方法 采用Merck LichroCAR分析柱，乙腈-水-冰醋酸梯度洗脱，流速：1mL／min，检测波长：270nm，质谱记录总离子流图(TIC)。结果 从朝鲜淫羊藿中鉴定出9个化合物。结论HPLC—MS^2能快速、准确的鉴定出天然产物中的化学成分。     

不同光强对柔毛淫羊藿生长特性和淫羊藿酮醇苷含量的影响

目的 分析不同光照强度（以下简称光强）对柔毛淫羊藿（“贵同柔毛1号”品种）生长、光合特性及有效成分含量的影响,为确定适宜的栽培生产措施提供参考。方法 设置L1[（36.4±5.0）μmol·m^–2·s^–1]、L2[（91.0±5.0） μmol·m^–2·s^–1]、L3[（145.6±5.0） μmol·m^–2·s^–1]和L4[（200.2±5.0） μmol·m^–2·s^–1]4种光强,连续处理40 d,分别在10、20、30、40 d测定生长发育指标（分枝数、叶片数）,于第40天测定处理期间同期萌发且已经成熟的叶片的光合生理指标[净光合速率（P_n）、蒸腾速率（T_r）、气孔导度（G_s）和胞间CO₂浓度（C_i）]及淫羊藿黄酮醇苷类成分（朝藿定A、朝藿定B、朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷）含量。结果 生长指标方面,随着光强从L1增大至L4,总分枝数及总叶片数显著增加,快速增加期出现在20~40 d,其中,L1~L3处理均在30 d时增幅最高,分别为48.52%、70.00%和83.53%,L4处理下在20 d达到最高增幅165.00%,约为L3处理的2倍;光合生理指标方面,叶绿素含量整体呈小幅下降趋势,P_n、T_r、G_s整体呈上升趋势,C_i整体呈下降趋势;药用成分方面,淫羊藿黄酮醇苷类成分质量分数先增加后基本持平,L3处理下达到最高,为（61.49±1.00） mg·g^–1。结论 柔毛淫羊藿在强光下的分枝数增加、P_n增加和淫羊藿黄酮醇苷类成分含量增加的趋势和其他淫羊藿属物种一致,但对更高光强的适应性和耐受性显著高于其他物种。     

Chemical pattern-aided classification to simplify the intricacy of morphological taxonomy of Epimedium species using chromatographic fingerprinting

Epimedium herb (Yinyanghuo), one of the popular Chinese materia medica, is a multiple species colony of Epimedium genus belonging to Berberidaceae. There are five species of Epimedium that have been officially adopted in Chinese Pharmacopoeia under the same crude drug name ‘Yinyanghuo’ comprising Epimedium brevicornu, E. koreanum, E. sagittatum, E. pubescens, and E. wushanense. In addition, non-official species like E. acuminatum, E. miryanthum and E. leptorrhizum are also mix-used. Frequently, the morphological taxonomical identification is very difficult during on-site inspection for species authentication in the market. Researchers are often bewildered by the multiple species ambiguity when putting this crude drug in use. Referring to the bioactive constituents that are vital for therapeutic efficacy, the key to clarifying the multiple species confusion should rely on analysis of the bioactive composition. It is well known that medicinal Epimedium herbs contain special C-8 prenylated flavonol glycosides which contribute to various bioactivities and the major four, epimedin A (A), epimedin B (B), epimedin C (C) and icariin (I), are unanimously used as bioactive markers for quality control. In this study, HPLC-DAD fingerprinting was performed for investigating the molecular spectrum of various Epimedium species. It was found that the four major flavonoids constitute the middle part of the chromatographic profiles to form a specific region (named as ‘ABCI fingerprint region’) being dominant in the HPLC profiles of all medicinal Epimedium species, and the five official species express five different ‘ABCI’ patterns (different peak: peak ratios). Our study found that the convergent tendency of the ‘ABCI region’ among multiple species of Epimedium could facilitate differentiation of complex commercial samples based on similar bioactive composition should confer similar bioactivities. Merging the different species that possess the same ‘ABCI region’ pattern into the same group can create a simpler bioactive-fraction-aided classification array by clustering the commercial samples into three bioactive ingredients-based fingerprint patterns – ‘E.b. pattern’, ‘E.k. pattern’ and ‘extensive E.w. pattern’. This approach offers the feasibility of characterizing and quality-controlling complex samples in the same genus designated under a single herbal drug entity on the premise of possessing the same bioactive ingredients pattern and supported by long-term traditional usage.     

心叶淫羊藿化学成分研究

目的 研究心叶淫羊藿Epimedium brevicornum的化学成分.方法 通过多种色谱手段,对淫羊藿的叶子进行成分分离,通过理化方法和化合物波谱数据进行结构鉴定.结果 分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为对硝基乙基苯酚(Ⅰ)、毛柳苷(沙立苷,Ⅱ)、5,7,4'-三羟基-8,3'-二异戊烯基黄酮(Ⅲ)、山柰酚-3-O-a-L-鼠李糖苷(Ⅳ)、宝藿苷-Ⅰ(Ⅴ)、箭藿苷B(Ⅵ)、鼠李糖基淫羊藿次苷(Ⅶ)、7,3',4',5'-四羟基黄酮醇(Ⅷ)、去甲基淫羊藿素(Ⅸ)、1-O-β-葡萄糖苷-1,4-二羟基-2-(3'-羟基-3'-甲基丁基)苯(Ⅹ).结论 化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅹ为首次从本属植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅵ为首次从本植物中分离得到.     

一起农村婚宴引起的沙门氏菌食源性疾病暴发

目的 分析该次农村婚宴集体食源性疾病暴发事故的原因。方法 运用《食物安全事故流行病学调查技术指南》开展流行病学调查、卫生学调查和实验室检验,运用EipInfo12.0和SPSS18.0 进行统计分析。结果 本次事件参加宴会735人,发病人数80人,发病率10.88%,临床表现以腹泻、呕吐、发热为主,平均潜伏期15h,危险暴露因素为猪头肉,在猪头肉和病人粪便中检验出韦太夫雷登沙门菌。结论 确认此次事件是一起因食用受韦太夫雷登沙门菌污染的猪头肉引起的聚集性食源性疾病。     

大黄鱼幼鱼鳃结构的光镜和透射电镜观察

目的 探讨大黄鱼幼鱼鳃的显微和超微结构,为大黄鱼幼鱼的呼吸和对盐度的适应生理提供参考。方法 应用石蜡及超薄切片,采用HE染色,分别在光镜和透射电镜下观察大黄鱼幼鱼鳃的显微和超微结构。结果 大黄鱼幼鱼鳃丝结构和其他硬骨鱼基本相似,鳃丝呈梳状连续排列在鳃弓上,鳃小片紧密排列在鳃丝两侧。鳃小片由上皮细胞、内皮细胞、柱细胞和毛细血管网构成。鳃小片上和鳃小片基部都分布有泌氯细胞,鳃小片基部泌氯细胞数量较多,细胞内具有微小管系统,线粒体数量丰富。 结论 大黄鱼幼鱼鳃结构与其他硬骨鱼基本类似,大黄鱼鳃的结构可能是其对盐度变化有较强适应能力的原因。     

三类生物因子对涡虫生殖和再生的影响

目的 以国内广布种日本三角涡虫（Dugesia japonica）为受试动物,探讨三类生物因子对涡虫生殖和再生的影响。 方法 选择与生殖相关的激素（雌二醇、甲基睾丸素）,生物胺（5-羟色胺、多巴胺）和D-氨基酸（D-色氨酸、D-精氨酸、D-苯丙氨酸）对日本三角涡虫进行急性毒性实验,用SPSS 17. 0统计学软件计算出适宜的实验浓度,对整体及再生涡虫进行培养,观察并记录实验现象。 结果 雌二醇、5-羟色胺、D-色氨酸和D-苯丙氨酸处理组分别引起20%、40%、20%和20%涡虫卵巢及交配器官的发育;而多巴胺则引起40%～50%涡虫生殖腺退化。另外,5-羟色胺处理组涡虫头部再生速度加快,而多巴胺处理组则头部再生速度减慢。 结论 雌二醇、5-羟色胺、D-色氨酸和D-苯丙氨酸能够诱导涡虫生殖腺的发育,并且5-羟色胺促进涡虫头部再生;多巴胺则引起涡虫生殖腺退化并对涡虫再生有抑制作用。     

淫羊藿联合骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗肾病大鼠的作用

BACKGROUND: A large number of studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with differentiation ability can be used to treat kidney injury. Epimedium has good anti-inflammatory and immune restoration ability. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of epimedium with BMSC transplantation on rat’s kidney disease caused by adriamycin nephrosis. METHODS: Fifty rats were equivalently randomized to receive no treatment in control group, tail vein injection of normal saline plus intragastric injection of normal saline in model group, tail vein injection of BMSCs plus intragastric injection of epimedium decoction in combined group, tail vein injection of BMSCs in BMSCs group, and intragastric injection of epimedium decoction in epimedium group. Rat models of adriamycin nephrosis were made in the latter four groups through tail vein injection of doxorubicin hydrochloride, while rats in the control group were only given the same volume of normal saline. Twenty-four hours after modeling, rats in the latter four groups began to be given the corresponding treatments. Epimedium decoction was given in the combined and epimedium groups at a dose of 1 mL/d, for consecutive 1 week.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the model group, mitigated kidney injury and reduced urinary protein level were found in rats undergoing BMSCs and/or epimedium decoction treatment; the levels of plasma albumin and catalase were significantly increased in the combined group and epimedium group, while the levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides and malondialdehyde decreased; the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor β1 in the kidney tissues was dramatically declined in the combined group and BMSC group. To conclude, the combined use of epimedium and BMSCs is superior to their use alone in the treatment of kidney disease.     

四川产淫羊藿属植物的黄酮类成分分析

利用ＲＰ－ＨＰＬＣ法对分布于四川的淫羊藿属植物主要种类１０种进行了６种黄酮类成分的分析，评价了川产淫羊藿属药用植物的质量。     

淫羊藿对小鼠成骨细胞增殖、功能及凋亡的影响

目的:观察淫羊藿提取液对体外培养的小鼠成骨细胞增殖、功能及凋亡的影响.方法:利用序列酶消化法从新生小鼠颅盖骨中分离和培养成骨细胞,用组织化学和免疫组化染色进行细胞鉴定.用四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT)检测淫羊藿对成骨细胞增殖的影响,通过检测成骨细胞碱性磷酸酶的活性反映淫羊藿对细胞功能的作用.建立地塞米松诱导的成骨细胞凋亡体系,并利用流式细胞仪观察淫羊藿对这一凋亡体系的影响.结果:分离和获得的大量单一多角形细胞,经碱性磷酸酶组织化学染色呈强阳性,经Ⅰ型胶原、骨桥蛋白、骨涎蛋白免疫组化染色呈阳性,证实获得的细胞为成骨细胞.淫羊藿提取液不影响成骨细胞的增殖,但可以显著提高成骨细胞碱性磷酸酶的活性,其中相当于生药1 g/L组的作用最明显.100 nmol/L和1 000 nmol/L地塞米松可以显著增加成骨细胞凋亡率,但同时加入相当于生药1 g/L的淫羊藿提取液,并不引起细胞凋亡率的明显变化.结论:淫羊藿对成骨细胞的增殖和凋亡没有明显作用,但却显著增加了成骨细胞碱性磷酸酶的活性.淫羊藿防治骨质疏松症的重要机制之一可能是促进成骨细胞的成骨功能.