鱼精蛋白对牛主动脉平滑肌细胞增殖的影响

应用细胞培养新生牛主动脉平滑肌细胞传代培养，取第４－６代平滑肌细胞进行实验，采用细胞计数法观察不同浓度的鱼精蛋白以对牛主动脉平滑肌细胞增殖的影响。结果显示：不同浓度鱼精蛋白均能刺激牛主动脉平滑肌细胞增殖，鱼精蛋白的浓度与平滑肌细胞增殖量呈正相关。上述     

利用人工心肺机行自体血液回收的临床观察

目的探索自体血液回收的简便方法。方法利用人工心肺机单泵及贮血过滤配套装置将没有污染的胸、腹腔积血或手术切口渗血吸入贮血器,过滤并加入肝素后输入出血者体内。着重观察血液回收方法、抗凝、过滤及术后并发症等问题。结果观察组回收血量:550—6 200ml,平均(1 201.92±233.92)ml。观察组围术期输库存血量:0~800 ml,平均(292.3l±44.69)ml。而对照组使用库存血量600—3 000ml,平均(826.67±189.10)ml。观察组术后渗血量:50～680ml,平均(164.23±34.42)ml。与对照组无明显差别。观察组少数患者术后有一过性血红蛋白尿。观察组术后ACT均在正常范围。本组病例无术后脑栓塞并发症发生。结论 利用人工心肺机单泵及贮血过滤装置即可完成自体血液回收,该方法具有简单、经济、实用的优点,有一定推广应用价值。     

Analysis of the methylation pattern of six gene promoters in sperm of men with abnormal protamination

It has recently been shown that alteration of the methylation pattern of imprinted genes is associated with different types of male infertility. The objective of our study was to investigate the methylation pattern of selected gene promoters in sperm of patients with abnormal protamine replacement. The promoters of OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, HOXC11, miR-17 and CREM were analyzed using bisulfite sequencing and the percentage of DNA methylation was compared between patients with an abnormal protamine 1/protamine 2 (P1/P2) ratio and normozoospermic controls. No significant quantitative differences were found between groups of patients with either an abnormally high or low P1/P2 ratio compared to normal controls. However, two individual samples from infertile subjects (2/20, 10%) showed an altered methylation pattern for the CREM gene promoter that was not found in control samples. These two samples had a significantly higher (P<0.05) promoter methylation (5.58 and 4.23%, respectively) compared to the control group (0.46%). In conclusion, in our pilot study, extreme methylations defects were not seen broadly in severely infertile men. However, two patients exhibited altered methylation of the CREM gene, which may be either causative or a result of abnormal protmaine replacement.     

经升主动脉注射鱼精蛋白的肺保护作用

目的 探讨经升主动脉注射鱼精蛋白对婴幼儿体外循环心脏直视手术的肺保护作用.方法 60例(年龄≤1岁,体重≤10 kg)行体外循环心脏直视手术患儿,随机分为升主动脉组和中心静脉组各30例,比较2组注射鱼精蛋白前和注射鱼精蛋白后10 min、1 h、3 h气道峰压(Ppeak)、气道平台压(Pplate)及肺顺应性(CL)、氧合指数(OI)、肺隔离白细胞、中性粒细胞计数和术后呼吸机辅助通气时间的差异.结果 在注射鱼精蛋白1、3 h后,升主动脉组肺隔离白细胞、中性粒细胞计数、Ppeak、Pplate较中心静脉组明显减低(t值分别为2.743、3.512,3.218、3.469,3.716、5.243,3.853、4.783,P均＜0.05),升主动脉组CL及OI较中心静脉组明显增高(t值分别为3.976、4.267,4.557、4.265,P均＜0.05);升主动脉组较中心静脉组呼吸机辅助通气时间明显缩短[(8.03±5.14)、(10.56±6.95)h,t=2.599,P＜0.05].结论 经升主动脉注射鱼精蛋白能够减轻体婴幼儿体外循环心脏直视手术肺损伤,是一种良好的肺保护措施.

Abstract：

Objective To study the protective effect of intraaortic protamine injection on lung in infants undergwent opening heart operation by cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Methods Sixty infants (age ≤ 1 year,weight ≤ 10 kg)who accepted opening heart operation by cardiopulmonary bypass surgery were randomly assigned into 2 groups ( n = 30 in each group) reciving intra-aortic and intra-venous protamine injection respectively. P-peak, P-plate, CL, Oxygenation Index, the number of WBC and neutrophil segregated in lungs were compared between two groups before injecting protamine and 10 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours after injecting protamine. The time of mechanical ventilation were compared as well. Results P-peak, P-plate, the number of WBC and neutrophil segregated in lungs of intra-aortic injection group significantly decreased than intra-venous injection group at 1 hour, 3 hours after injecting protamine (t =2.743, 3.512; 3.218, 3.469; 3.716, 5.243; 3.853,4. 783 respectively, Ps ＜ 0. 05 ), while the CL and Oxygenation Index increased significantly ( t = 3. 976,4. 267; 4. 557,4. 265 respectively, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The duration of mechanical ventilation follow operation in intraaortic injection group ( [8. 03 ± 5. 14] h ) was shorter compared with intra-venous injection group ( [10. 56 ±6.95]h) (t =2.599,P＜0.05). Conclusion By intra-aortic protamine injection the lung injury decreased significantly. It shows good protective effect on lung in infants underwent opening heart operation by cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.     

地特胰岛素——一种用于治疗1型和2型糖尿病的长效胰岛素类似物

许多糖尿病患者对胰岛素治疗存在顾虑,担心注射带来不适、害怕发生低血糖以及体重增加,这给获得最佳血糖控制带来了挑战。基础胰岛素治疗对T2DM患者来说是一种有效且安全的方式。随着患者胰岛β细胞功能的进行性衰退,基础联合餐时速效胰岛素治疗成为了生理性胰岛素替代治疗的金标准方案。与中性鱼精蛋白锌胰岛素（NPH）相比,地特胰岛素（DET）治疗对体重增加影响较小和低血糖发生更少,是基础胰岛素治疗很好的选择。     

鱼精蛋白与特发性男性不育的研究进展

男性不育是一个较为复杂的临床综合征.WHO已明确指出不育症是指正常育龄夫妇12个月无保护性交而未能受孕. 近年来,越来越多的学者从遗传角度上对特发性男性不育患者进行分析.目前已经确定的遗传异常,包括染色体异常、精子mtRNA 突变,单/多基因遗传病以及遗传因素引起的内分泌异常等[2].从核酸与蛋白质水平上的进行了多角度的分析,其中鱼精蛋白的研究成为特发性男性不育症研究的一大热点.     

小量预注法预防鱼精蛋白毒性反应的临床观察

目的：观察小量预注法预防鱼精蛋白毒性反应的临床效果。方法：心内直视手术200例,体外循环结束,随机分为两组,每组100例：鱼精蛋白中和肝素时预注法（A组）从中心静脉注入0.2mg/kg的鱼精蛋白,3分钟后再缓慢注入其余量,给药过程中发生鱼精蛋白毒性反应时暂停给药,待毒性反应缓解后继续给药,与鱼精蛋白首次注入量1mg/kg的对照组（B组）比较临床效果。结果B组发生毒性反应的时间早于A组,两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;发生毒性反应时SABP降低的程度A组和B组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;Pmax升高的程度B组明显大于A组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：通过小量预注法能减轻鱼精蛋白毒性反应所致气道压升高、肺损伤的发生,有效降低鱼精蛋白毒性反应的严重程度。     

基础胰岛素的临床效果及药物经济学评价综述

采用文献综述法,系统地分析国内外已发表的地特胰岛素(IDet)、甘精胰岛素(IGlar)和中性鱼精蛋白胰岛素(NPH)的临床研究和经济学评价结果,以评价地特胰岛素、甘精胰岛素和中性鱼精蛋白胰岛素治疗1型和2型糖尿病患者(T1DM/T2DM)的临床疗效和经济学价值。研究结果表明,在临床效果方面,患者从应用口服降糖药转换成口服药合并中性鱼精蛋白锌胰岛素(NPH)、甘精胰岛素注射液(IGlar)或地特胰岛素注射液(IDet)后,均有助于进一步降低患者的血糖水平,减少体重增加、夜间低血糖等不良反应的发生。许多国家的经济学研究显示,与NPH相比,IGlar是具有成本-效果的治疗方案;与NPH或IGlar相比,IDet是成本节约或具有成本-效果的治疗方案。     

升主动脉注射鱼精蛋白对婴儿体外循环心脏直视手术肺泡灌洗液中炎性因子的影响

目的 探讨经升主动脉注射鱼精蛋白对婴儿体外循环心脏直视手术肺泡灌洗液中炎性因子的影响,进一步证实其肺保护作用机制.方法 随机抽取60例(年龄≤10个月,体质量≤8 kg)行体外循环心脏直视手术患儿,分为实验组(升主动脉组,30例)和对照组(中心静脉组,30例),比较两组注射鱼精蛋白前肺泡灌洗液中组胺、类胰蛋白酶及白三烯B4含量变化.结果 实验组及对照组体外循环前肺泡灌洗液中组胺、类胰蛋白酶及白三烯B4含量差异均无统计学意义(P均＞0.05);对照组注射鱼精蛋白6h肺泡灌洗液中组胺[(61.1±10.2) μg/L与(35.4±8.9)μg/L]、类胰蛋白酶[(73.9±10.2)U/L与(56.5±7.1) U/L]及白三烯B4[(86.8±8.1)ng/L与(68.4±5.9) ng/L]均较实验组显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为2.005、1.862、2.114,P均＜0.05).术后机械通气时间实验组比对照组缩短[(6.3±0.8)h与(10.1±1.2)h;t=1.895,P＜0.05].结论 经升主动脉注射鱼精蛋白能够减轻婴儿体外循环心脏直视手术肺泡灌洗液中炎性因子的产生,减轻肺损伤,是一种良好的肺保护措施.