硬膜外高渗氯化钠溶液术后镇痛的临床双盲研究

为观察高渗盐水硬膜外注射术后镇痛效果,用双盲法对60例病人进行了研究。生理盐水对照级术后镇痛优良率为3.33％,镇痛有效率为10％,均需用镇痛药;高渗盐水组术后镇痛优良率为86.67％,有效率为96.67％,很少使用镇痛药。两组差别显著(P<0.05,P<0.01)。对其他感觉和运动功能无明显影响。高渗盐水组与吗啡组比较镇痛效果相同(P>0.05),副作用少(P<0.01)。说明硬膜外高渗氯化钠溶液是一种安全有效的镇痛方法,有较高推广应用价值。     

异丙酚在硬脊膜外阻滞麻醉中防治内脏牵拉反应的临床观察

资料与方法 112例中男65例，女47例，年龄41—72岁，急诊手术26例，其中休克者19例，肝功能有改变者34例。手术方式：胆切除44例，胆总管探查27例，胆总管T型管引流术32例，胆总管括约肌成型术1例，胆肠吻合引流术8例。手术时间平均3．1小时，术中平均输血400ml，有4例输血超过2000ml。     

持续硬膜外输注法用于剖宫产术后镇痛的临床观察

目的 观察连续恒量硬膜外注射镇痛法用于剖宫产术后镇痛的效果及其副作用。方法80例剖宫产手术患者随机分为持续硬膜外输注镇痛组(CCEA组)和对照组(M组)。CCEA组术后保留硬膜外导管,采用负荷量+连续恒量法镇痛,给子负荷量后采用艾克孚镇痛泵2 ml/h持续输注低浓度吗啡、布比卡因、氟哌利多混合液镇痛。M组术毕拔出导管返病房,疼痛时肌注哌替啶1mg/kg。比较两组镇痛效果、术毕及术后生命体征和副作用发生率。结果 术后各时点VAS评分两组差异有极显著性意义;两组产妇术后平均血压、呼吸频率及副作用发生率差异无显著性意义。结论 剖宫产术后用CCEA法镇痛安全有效,是一种值得推广的镇痛方法。     

异丙酚静脉全麻复合硬膜外腔阻滞麻醉期间CO2气腹对血流动力学和氧耗的影响

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of intraperitoneal CO2 insufflation on the hemodynamics, oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) during intravenous anesthesia with propofol in combination with epidural block. METHODS: Intratracheal intubation was performed after rapid induction of anesthesia and mechanical ventilation was given. Maintenance of anesthesia was achieved using continuous intravenous propofol infusion (2 mg/kg/h) ?N2O inhalation and intermittent epidural administration. Indices of hemodynamics and respiratory function were collected 5 min before induction, 1 min before CO2 insufflation, and 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 min after the start of insufflation and 5 min after the termination of insufflation. RESULTS: The mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), end-tidal PCO2 (P(ET)CO2), VO2 and VCO2 1 min before insufflation were markedly reduced(P<0.01), compared with those recorded before induction. MAP and HR did not undergo any conspicuous changes during CO2 insufflation and 5 min after insufflation termination. Compared with that 1 min before insufflation, PETCO2 was significantly increased 20 min after the start of insufflation (P<0.01), and subsequently carried on the increase though of a lesser scale. VO2 and VCO2 gradually rose after the start of insufflation, and VO2 presented a significantly elevation (P<0.01) 10 min after the insufflation while VCO2 did not show this marked increase(P<0.05) till 20 min after the insufflation in comparison with the levels before insufflation. Subsequently, VO2 continued to rise and VCO2 also retained the increase but of smaller magnitude. CONCLUSION: Intravenous propofol anesthesia combined with epidural block assisted by well-managed excessive ventilation before insufflation can alleviate the adverse effects of CO2 insufflation on respiratory and circulatory systems.     

硬膜外阻滞复合异丙酚60例临床观察

目的：探讨异丙酚适时给药方法和剂量的临床效应。方法：组①异丙酚负荷量1．5mg/kg，5min后开始维持3.75mg.kg^-1.h^-1；组②负荷量0．75mg/kg，随之接与组①相同维持量；组③以0．2mg.kg^-1.h^-1共5min为负荷量，随后接维持量。结果：（1）组①血压下降，呼吸抑制、血氧饱和度低于90％的发生率较高。组②③不发生呼吸抑制和血氧饱和度严重降低。（2）有良好的镇静制动作用，其深度调整容易。（3）术中无恶心呕吐或鼓肠，停药后清醒迅速无不适。结论：以适当方式给一定量的异丙酚，是良好的硬膜外麻醉辅助用药。     

在硬膜外阻滞麻醉中温度对利多卡因诱导期影响的临床观察

在硬膜外阻滞麻醉中 ,局麻药潜伏期过长 ,止痛不完善 ,肌肉松弛不良 ,常影响手术进行 ,给患者带来一定痛苦 ,麻醉医生心理也产生压力 ,我们针对这一问题 ,通过给盐酸利多卡因加热 ,经临床观察获得了较好的麻醉效果。现介绍如下。1　资料和方法70例腹部手术患者 ,男 34例 ,女 36例 ,年龄 18～ 5 0岁 ,平均 (35± 7.2 )岁 ;ＡＳＡⅠ～Ⅱ级 ,随机分成二组 :观察组 36例 ,对照组 34例。二组同样用市售 2 %盐酸利多卡因 ,但温度分别为 37℃ (注 :自制恒温电热毯 ,先对装有 2 %盐酸利多卡因的安瓿加热 ,然后对硬膜外麻醉用药进行保温 )和 2 0～2 5…     

全麻复合硬膜外阻滞对老年人胸腔手术预后的影响

观察全凭静脉麻醉复合硬膜外麻醉对老年人胸腔手术的影响,并与单用全凭静脉麻醉进行比较,现报告如下。1临床资料1·1一般资料:择期胸科手术40例,男23例,女17例,ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级,随机分成两组,每组20例。全麻复合硬膜外麻醉组(GEA组),男12例,女8例,年龄67±11·5岁;单纯全麻组(GA组),     

持续泵注用于老年患者硬膜外麻醉的临床观察

目的观察泵注硬膜外麻醉在老年患者手术麻醉中的可行性、安全性及其临床效果。方法选择65~80岁老年患者100例,进行前列腺、会阴部及下肢各种手术。分为2组:I组采用泵注法,II组采用分次注入法。I组以0.08~0.10 ml.Kg-1.h-1的速度泵注利多卡因,直至手术结束。II组为10 ml利多卡因5 min分2次注入,以后每60min追加6 ml。记录2组HR、MAP、SPO2及麻醉平面相对固定时间和最高麻醉平面,镇痛效果、运动阻滞程度和麻醉用药总量。所得数据进行统计学分析。结果2组麻醉效果、麻醉平面、SPO2的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),I组比II组用药少,血压波动轻微(P<0.05)。结论微量泵硬膜外持续泵入法对老年病人血液动力学影响轻,是一种安全、有效、可行的硬膜外给药方法。