降糖饮降糖作用的实验研究

降糖饮以８．１，１５．０，３０。０ｇ．ｋｇ＾－１灌胃予鼠，连续１０天。结果表明降饮对正常小鼠大鼠血糖血脂无明显影响，但对四氧嘧啶或链脲霉素引起的大鼠高血糖及蛋黄引起的小鼠高脂血症，高胆固醇饲料引起的大鼠高脂血症均有显著降低作用。本研究为降糖饮的应用提供了可靠的药理学依据。     

铝致神经细胞Ca^2＋浓度升高的可能机制

本文就Ａｌ＾３＋引起神经细胞内Ｃａ６２＋浓度升高的实验依据提出了几种可能性机制，着重介绍了Ａｌ＾３＋通过信号传导系统，谷氨酸，β－淀粉样蛋白聚保，钙调蛋白以及其它机制引起胞内Ｃａ＾２＋浓度升高的过程，指出了某些尚待深入研究之处，并揭示了目前和今后的研究动向。     

顺铂肾毒性动物模型的实验研究

顺铂(DDP)一次尾静脉注射8mg/kg可使大鼠血中尿素氮(BUN)明显增加,超微结构观察肾小管上皮细胞内线粒体肿胀,空泡增多,溶酶体及吞饮小泡体积变大,数量增加,至第49天仍未恢复,提示8mg/kg顺铂引起的大鼠不易恢复的肾毒性是研究预防减轻顺铂的肾毒性并提高临床疗效的一个良好的动物模型。     

唾液蛋白与脾肾两虚、气血不足的关系

实验表明,脾肾两虚、气血不足患者唾液蛋白明显下降,与正常人相比差异明显(P<0.01);脾肾两虚患者唾液蛋白与血浆白蛋白及总蛋白量成正相关性,气血不足患者唾液蛋白与血色素、红细胞量亦成正相关性。     

甲醛对小鼠精子影响的实验研究

目的：通过对雄性昆明种小鼠经腹腔注射甲醛(Formaldehyde）后，观察动物的一般中毒情况；研究甲醛对精子的影响。方法：选用雄性昆明种成年鼠，采用腹腔注射染毒，染毒的甲醛低、中、高剂量分别为0．20mg/kg,2.00mg/kg和20.00mg/kg，每天1次，连续7d，第8天处死。显微镜下观察精子数及精子头畸形。结果：甲醛导致小鼠睾丸组织以生殖细胞变性为主的病理改变，引起精子数减少，精子畸形率升高，与阴性对照组比较差异均有显著性。结论：甲醛能导致小鼠精子数的减少及精子头畸形率的增加。     

读者．作者．编者

炉甘石洗剂是医院制剂室经常配制的临床用药，该药是典型的混悬剂。稳定性是反映混悬剂质量优劣的一项重要指标，我们在配制中发现，用软皂助悬时，若对软皂液作加热处理、调整加入混研的次序均能影响该药稳定性。关于软皂液的热处理与加入混研次序能影响炉甘石洗剂质量的实验未见报道，现就此作了比较性实验，为提高和评价该制剂的配制质量，制订合理的配制工艺程序提供实验依据。     

地塞米松对布比卡因诱导小鼠神经元毒性的影响

Objective To investigate the effect of dexamethasone on the toxicity of bupivacaine in murine neurons.Methods Murine neuroblastoma cell line N2a was obtained from ATCC cell bank (USA). The cells were cultured in 10% fetal cow serum/MEM culture medium and divided into 4 groups voup I control (Con); group II bupivacaine ( Bup); group Ⅲ dexamethasone (Dex) and group IV Dex + Bup. The culture medium contained bupivacaine 900 μmol/L in group Bup and dexamethasone 1 μmol/L in group Dex respectively. In group Dex + Bup ( IV ) Bup was added to the culture medium with a final concentration of 900 μmol/L at 12 h after pretreatment with Dex 1 μmol/L. The cells were inoculated in 24 well plates (0.5 ml in each well, 24 wells in each group) and 10 cm culture dishes (7 ml in each dish, 4 dishes in each group). The release rate of LDH was calculated and the morphology of the cells and nucleus condensation (by Hoechst 3334224 fluorescent staining) was detected at 9 h of incubation in 24 well plates. The mitochondrial transmembrane potential (by JC-1 assay) and phosphorylation of Akt and ERKs (by Western blot) were measured at 5 h of incubation in 24 well plates and in culture dishes respectively. ResultsBupivacaine caused severe damage to the N2a cells as evidenced by increase in LDH release and nucleus condensation (apoptosis), dephosphorylation of Akt and ERKs, decrease in mitochondrial transmembrane potential and severe morphological changes. Dexamethasone pretreatment significantly attenuated bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity. Conclusion Dexamethasone can protect N2a cells from bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity through stabilization of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and inhibition of dephosphorylation of Akt and ERKs.     

氟乙酰胺致中毒性脑病32例临床分析

氟乙酰胺是一种有机氟高毒农药 ,不少地方用于灭鼠。由于管理不当、使用不善造成中毒人数逐年增多。为提高对该农药中毒认识处理 ,作者收集１９９５年１２月～２０００年１２月收治的３２例氟乙酰胺中毒患者 ,对其中枢神经系统表现分析报告如下。１临床资料１．１一般资料本组３２例中男１７例 ,女１５例。年龄８～８０岁 ,平均３３．４岁 ,其中＜１０岁１５例 ,１７～６０岁１４例 ,＞６０岁３例。消化道中毒２９例 ,其中误服２１例 ,轻生８例 ,皮肤、呼吸道吸入中毒３例。潜伏期长短不一 ,经消化道中毒２９例为１０ｍｉｎ～数小时 ,３例因…