Electrophysiological evaluation in 4 patients with diabetic pseudotabes

BACKGROUND: Researches on diabetic nervous system lesion are mainly focus on peripheral nerve and vegetative nerve, so there are few investigations on diabetic pseudotabes. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the electrophysiological examinations on the diagnosis of diabetic pseudotabes. DESIGN: Case study. SETTING: Department of Electrophysiology and Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 4 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, including 3 males and 1 female aged from 50 to 72 years, were selected from Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University from March 2002 to February 2005. All accepted subjects met the modified diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus, which was set by American Diabetes Mellitus Association (ADA) in 1997. Otherwise, the subjects had typical symptoms and physical signs of spinal posterior funiculus damage. However, patients with spinal cord lesion which was caused by other factors were excluded. All accepted subjects provided the confirmed consent. METHODS: Nicolet NT electromyography (EMG)/evoked potential meter (made in the USA) was used to detect spinal cord conduction velocity (SCCV), somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) of lower limbs, motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) of extremities. Determining criteria: Measurements were performed based on the laboratory standards. SCCV, which was less than lower limit of normal value (T2–12: 40–55 m/s, T12–L4: 20–41 m/s, T2–L4: 36–45 m/s), was regarded as abnormal. SEP value of lower limbs: P40, P60 and PF, which were more than standard deviation of normal value (x(—)+2.5), were regarded as the abnormality. Normal value of P40, P60 and PF latencies (x(—)±s) in this study: P40, P60 and PF in males were (37.6±1.9) ms, (59.8±3.9) ms and (7.6±0.9) ms, respectively; meanwhile, those in females were (35.5±1.7) ms, (55.2±2.7) ms and (6.3±0.7) ms, respectively. MNCV and SNCV, which were less than 50 m/s in upper limbs and 40 m/s in lower limbs, were regarded as the abnormality. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Electrophysiological examinations. RESULTS: All 4 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were involved in the final analysis. ① SCCV: Among 4 patients, SCCV of three patients was decreased in T2–12, T12–L4 and T2–L4, and that of the other one was decreased in T2–12 and T2–L4; however, SCCV in T12–L4 was normal. There was significant difference as compared with normal value (P < 0.01). ② SEP of lower limbs: SEP values of lower limbs were abnormal in all 4 patients. Among them, P40, P60 and PF latencies of two patients were delayed; P40 of one patient was delayed and PF was not drained out; P40 and P60 of the last one were delayed and PF was normal. ③ MNCV and SNCV: The MNCV and SNCV were normal in one patient and abnormal in three patients. The results demonstrated that MNCV and SNCV of extremities decreased; especially, sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) of both lower extremities of one patient were not drained out. CONCLUSION: Detections of SCCV, SEP of lower limbs, MNCV and SNCV of extremities are helpful to investigate whether peripheral nerve and deep sensory passage are damaged or not and determine whether deep sensory damage is caused by peripheral nerve and spinal posterior funiculus.     

腰椎间盘突出症的注射疗法

腰椎间盘突出症是临床上一种常见病，是引起腰腿痛的主要原因，目前对该病的治疗方法有多种，本文只对骶管注射疗法进行阐述。骶管注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症（PNP）引起的腰腿痛，因方法简便、安全可靠、效果肯定。在国内外被广泛采用。由于应用者多，在许多方面，如注射液中含药种类及其剂量、注射液的总量、注射速度及其适应症等，差异甚大，各行其法。为便于统一规范，复习大量文献，综述讨论，以求指正。     

人工流产吸宫不全的临床分析

人工流产术是避孕失败的一种常用补救措施之一。虽然属于小手术，操作较简单，但施术者不能直视手术野，全凭手术者的临床经验和感觉进行操作，所以临床手术操作不管怎样仔细认真，仍然难免出现一些并发症。人工流产吸宫不全就是常见的并发症之一，下面将与人工流产吸宫不全的有关因素及防范措施报告如下。     

亦师亦友做婆媳

我和婆婆关系好，是亲友们众所皆知的。我把婆婆当作母亲、老师，我多了一位在人生道路上温婉关照、鼎力相助的女性长辈。     

给没劲的中年人加点儿油

男人是一家的顶梁柱，但一过40，很多“项梁柱”都感觉很费劲，精力大不如从前了。甚至很多中年男性上班族还会觉得腰酸背痛、神经衰弱、食欲不振，特别是晚上加班之后，白天再怎么补觉也补不回来。精力一不好了，就经常坐在办公室发呆，体质明显感觉下降，去医院检查又没有什么大毛病。这到底是什么问题呢？     

幸福是心灵的感觉

<正>幸福常常是朦胧的,很有节制地向我们喷洒甘霖。你不要总希冀轰轰烈烈的幸福,它多半只是悄悄地扑面而来。你也不要企图把水龙头拧得更大,使幸福很快地流失。而需静静地以平和之心,体验幸福的真谛。     

老年病人的皮肤护理要点

老年人因生理特别是内分泌等功能的减退使皮肤营养不良，皮下脂肪减少，皮脂腺退化，而表现皮肤变的菲薄、弹性下降、干燥皱褶且毛发变白易脱落，特别是老年病人皮肤的防御能力和感觉功能随着肌体的衰老和疾病的影响而减弱，而保持一个完整的皮肤，是阻止病菌侵入人体的一道有益的屏障，因此，如何做好老年病人的皮肤护理是护理工作中的重点，其护理要点如下：     

卵巢动脉收缩期峰速度与促排卵治疗

目的探讨卵巢动脉收缩期峰速度对促排卵治疗的影响。方法经阴道彩色B超测量卵巢动脉收缩期峰速度并以均数分组,各组患者用克罗米芬100mg进行促排卵,通过卵巢对克罗米芬的敏感性来反映卵巢动脉收缩期峰速度与卵巢储备功能的关系。结果卵巢动脉收缩期峰速度血流越大,对克罗米芬反应性越好,经卡方检验差异具有统计学意义。结论经阴道彩色B超检测卵巢动脉收缩期峰速度可以反映卵巢的储备功能。     

家兔阴茎皮肤感觉脊神经来源的电生理研究

目的:探讨家兔阴茎感觉神经来源。方法:健康成年雄性新西兰白兔12只,随机均分为两组:每组6只,A组在左侧脊神经上记录,B组在右侧脊神经上记录。对家兔阴茎施加不同大小的机械刺激,用神经单纤维记录技术,在同侧S1~S4脊神经上记录单纤维放电。结果:通过对家兔阴茎施加各种不同机械刺激,在同侧S2~S3脊神经上能记录到放电,S1、S4脊神经上未能记录到放电。左侧脊神经放电纤维数量分别为:S2:39.67±3.14,S3:21.00±2.19;右侧脊神经放电纤维数量分别为:S2:40.00±3.16,S3:19.67±2.58,左右侧差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:家兔阴茎皮肤感觉来源于S2~S3脊神经。     

冈盂切迹腱鞘囊肿致肩胛上神经卡压一例报告

患者 男，35岁。因右肩胛部酸痛不适5个月，右肩外展无力1个月入院。患者无外伤史，曾被诊断为“肩周炎”、“颈椎病”，对症治疗无改善。查体：右肩外旋、外展能力较左侧明显减弱，冈下肌明显萎缩，冈上窝局部压痛，双上肢伸直前屈90。胸前交叉可诱发右肩胛部不适。肌电图示肩胛上神经运动传导速度明显下降，为20m／s。诱发电位振幅明显下降，冈