妊高征患者治疗前后血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8检测的临床意义

目的：探讨了妊高征患者治疗前后血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平的变化及意义。方法：采用放射免疫分析对36例妊高征患者进行了血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平检测并与35名正常孕妇作比较。结果：在治疗前血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平非常显著地高于正常孕妇组（P〈0．01），经治疗后2周，血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平与正常孕妇组比较，无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论：炎性细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8在妊高征的发病机理中具有重要的作用，有一定的临床价值。     

Timing of bimanual movements in human and non-human primates in relation to neuronal activity in primary motor cortex and supplementary motor area

It has been established that repeated presentation of a transient target motion stimulus such as a constant-velocity ramp leads to the build up of steady state (SS), anticipatory smooth pursuit eye movements after two or three presentations. Each SS response is then composed of the anticipatory component of nonvisual origin, a visual component associated with the stimulus presentation and another nonvisual component that represents the decay of the response after extinction of the stimulus. Here we investigated the interactions that occur when each motion stimulus was itself a sequence containing more than one ramp component. Ramp components had a velocity of 15 degrees /s or 30 degrees /s to left or right and were separated by gaps of 200 ms duration. In an initial experiment, responses to 2-ramp stimuli were examined and compared with responses to the single-ramp stimuli from which they were constituted. We present evidence that the anticipatory, nonvisual components of the double-ramp response result from the linear summation of the nonvisual components of the responses to the constituent single-ramp components. In a 2nd experiment, we examined responses to a wide variety of 4-ramp sequences and again found evidence that, in the SS, the responses were formed from the linear summation of the constituent single-ramp components. Regression analysis performed on the velocity at onset of each ramp component indicated that this nonvisual part of the response was predictive of the upcoming ramp component. To confirm this, unexpected changes were introduced into single ramp components of the 4-ramp sequence after at least five prior presentations of the sequence had allowed a SS response to be established. Subjects continued to initiate a response to the modified component that was appropriate in velocity and direction for the corresponding part of the previous sequence and inappropriate for the newly modified stimulus. This preprogrammed response persisted unmodified for more than 170 ms after onset of the modified ramp component. In contrast, in the second presentation of the new sequence, the anticipatory component of the response was highly correlated with the SS response of the new sequence, but not with that of the prior sequence, showing that the preprogrammed response had been modified very rapidly. Similar behaviour was observed whichever of the 4-ramp components was modified, indicating that the velocity and direction of the anticipatory response to each component had been preprogrammed. The results suggest that velocity information related to at least four elements of a sequence can be temporarily stored and subsequently released with appropriate temporal order to form an anticipatory response throughout the whole sequence.     

编码N端截短的IκBα突变体重组腺病毒的构建与鉴定

目的：通过去除N端丝氨酸32/36磷酸化位点，获得人胎盘组织IκBα突变体（IκBαM）基因，构建其复制缺陷型重组腺病毒（AdIκBαM），并进行体外表达和活性检测。方法:PCR定点克隆IκBαM基因（203-1 003 bp），亚克隆至pShuttle和pGEM-T，进行PCR、双酶切、DNA测序和同源性分析。将重组质粒pShuttle-IκBαM中含CMV启动子、IκBαM cDNA和PolyA信号的表达单元定向插入Ad5腺病毒载体，构建成重组腺病毒AdIκBαM，再经脂质体介导共转染293细胞进行包装。Western blotting检测AdIκBαM在293细胞中蛋白表达情况，电泳迁移率实验观察AdIκBαM抑制佛波酯诱导的ECV304细胞核因子κB（NF-κB）激活的作用。结果:成功克隆长801 bp的新型IκBαM基因，与GenBank中登陆的IκBα基因（接受号M69043）相应核苷酸序列一致。所制备的AdIκBαM滴度为4.0×1012 pfu/L。AdIκBαM介导IκBαM基因在293细胞中表达，并以剂量依赖性方式显著抑制佛波酯诱导的ECV304细胞NF-κB活化 。结论：AdIκBαM有效介导IκBαM基因表达并特异性抑制NF-κB活性，有望应用于哮喘的基因治疗。     

平衡针法对局灶性脑缺血大鼠血清TNF-α、sICAM-1的影响及其相关性的分析

目的 :通过研究缺血性脑卒中大鼠针刺前后的血清TNF α、sICAM 1水平变化 ,探讨缺血性脑损伤机制及平衡针法在缺血性损伤中对脑的保护作用。方法 :将 60只大鼠随机分为空白组、假手术组、模型组、治疗组 ,光化学法诱导局灶性脑缺血模型 ,酶联法 (ELISA)测量血清TNF α、sICAM 1值。结果 :血清TNF α、sICAM 1水平模型组较空白组明显上升 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,平衡针治疗组较模型组有所降低 (P <0 .0 5) ,血清TNF α与sICAM 1呈正相关 (r=0 .83 4,P <0 .0 5)。结论 :局灶性脑缺血大鼠血清TNF α、sICAM 1含量明显上升 ,二者呈正相关。平衡针法治疗可降低其TNF α、sICAM 1水平 ,从一定程度上抑制缺血性脑损伤。     

Correlation between deletion patterns of SMN and NAIP genes and the clinical features of spinal muscular atrophy in Japanese patients

We conducted molecular analysis of two candidate genes for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), the survival motor neuron gene (SMN) and the neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein gene (NAIP), in 16 Japanese patients with SMA and compared the phenotypic features of SMA in these patients with the corresponding genotypes. Exons 7 and/or 8 of SMN were homozygously deleted in 11 SMA type I (Werdnig-Hoffmann disease) patients, two SMA type II patients and one SMA type III patient. Exons 5 and 6 of NAIP were homozygously deleted in six SMA type I patients. No patient had a deletion in NAIP without a deletion in SMN. Mechanical ventilation was required during the first 7 months of life in the SMA type I patients who had a deletion in both SMN and NAIP. Ventilatory support was initiated within 2 years after birth in patients who had a deletion in SMN but not in NAIP. We detected homozygous deletion of exon 5 of NAIP in the unaffected mothers of two SMA type I patients. In these families, the patients exhibited a deletion in both SMN and NAIP. The parents and unaffected siblings of these patients did not have a deletion in SMN. The present findings support the hypothesis that SMN deletion plays an important role in the development of SMA and suggest that combined deletion of both SMN and NAIP may be relevant for determining the disease severity.     

针刺对单纯性肥胖症患者TNF-α和Resistin水平的影响

目的:明确针刺治疗单纯性肥胖的机理,为治疗的客观化提供依据。方法:取足阳明胃经穴位梁丘、丰隆、天枢施泻法,足太阴脾经穴位箕门、腹结、大横、阴陵泉、血海施以补法,同时配以任脉穴位下脘、中脘平补平泻,治疗单纯性肥胖患者,并与正常人进行对照研究。观察单纯性肥胖患者治疗前后的体重指数(BMI)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、抗肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、抵抗素(Resistin)、空腹血糖(FBG)的变化。结果:单纯性肥胖患者不同程度地存在胰岛素抵抗,其TNF-α、Resistin血浆浓度较正常对照组明显升高,且与胰岛素抵抗指数存在一定的相关性;经过针刺治疗,患者的胰岛素抵抗状况得以改善,TNF-α、Resistin浓度明显降低。结论:针对单纯性肥胖脾虚、胃热、痰结病机选穴的针刺治疗通过降低可溶性TNF-α、Resistin浓度,影响糖与脂的代谢,改善患者的胰岛素抵抗状态,起到治疗单纯性肥胖的作用。     

慢性肾功能衰竭血液透析前后血清TGF-α和IGF-Ⅱ水平变化

目的探讨慢性肾功能衰竭患者血液透析前后TG F-α和IG F-Ⅱ含量变化与血液透析的关系。方法采用放射免疫分析法,检测45例慢性肾功能衰竭血液透析患者和30名正常人TGF-α和IG F-Ⅱ水平,并进行相关分析。结果患者血清TG F-α含量显著低于正常对照组(P<0.01),而透析后显著高于透析前(P<0.01);IG F-Ⅱ含量显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01),而透析前后无显著性差异(P>0.05)。患者12h尿液中TG F-α和IGF-Ⅱ含量均显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01和P<0.05)。结论TGF-α和IGF-Ⅱ两种多肽生长因子参与了机体自稳功能的调节,在慢性肾功能衰竭患者血液透析过程中,TG F-α和IGF-Ⅱ水平变化起着重要的病理生理作用。     

Autoantibody production in patients treated with anti-TNF-α

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease or spondyloarthritis who are treated with selective TNF-α inhibitors may develop autoantibodies, such as antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) and anti-dsDNA antibodies. Various methods have shown that infliximab led to ANAs in 29–76.7% and anti-dsDNA antibodies in 10–29% of rheumatoid arthritis patients participating in clinical trials. Furthermore, ANAs and anti-dsDNA antibodies have appeared in 11–36 and 5–15% of rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with etanercept and 12.9% and 5.3% of those treated with adalimumab, respectively. Antiphospholipid antibodies, which are mainly detected by means of anticardiolipin assays, have also been found in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving TNF-α blockers. There have been a number of reports of the development of antidrug antibodies, of which those against infliximab lead to infusion reactions and shorter responses to treatment. This has led some authors to conclude that it is necessary to add methotrexate to infliximab in order to reduce the risk of the appearance of anti-idiotype autoantibodies