新法加工附子与附片抗炎镇痛作用比较研究

目的：比较新法加工附子在总生物碱高于附片13倍时，其抗炎、镇痛的效果是否有差异。方法：通过小鼠热板法、扭体法、小鼠耳廓肿胀法和大鼠足趾肿胀法进行镇痛和抗炎作用比较。结果：二者对热板法小鼠的痛阈值均无提高．均能减少酒石酸钾所致小鼠扭体次数．对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀和角叉菜胶所致大鼠足趾肿胀具有抑制作用。但二者之间比较差异无显著性。结论：新法加工附子保存了其原有疗效，但和总生物碱无量效相关性，其中是否有新的活性成份，有待进一步研究探讨。     

Influence of bradykinin B1 and B2 receptors in the immune response triggered by renal ischemia–reperfusion injury

Bradykinin B1 receptors are exclusively expressed in inflamed tissues. For this reason, they have been related with the outcomes of several pathologies. Ischemia–reperfusion injury is caused by the activation of inflammatory and cytoprotective genes, such as macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 and heme oxygenase-1, respectively. This study was aimed to analyze the involvement of bradykinin B1 and B2 receptors (B1R and B2R) in tissue response after renal ischemia–reperfusion injury. For that, B1R (B1−/−), B2R (B2−/−) knockout animals and its control (wild-type mice, B1B2+/+) were subjected to renal bilateral ischemia, followed by 24, 48 and 120 h of reperfusion. At these time points, blood serum samples were collected for creatinine and urea dosages. Kidneys were harvested for histology and molecular analyses by real-time PCR. At 24 and 48 h of reperfusion, B1−/− group resulted in the lowest serum creatinine and urea levels, indicating less renal damage, which was proved by renal histology. Renal protection associated with B1−/− mice was also related with higher expression of HO-1 and lower expression of MCP-1. In conclusion, the absence of B1R had a protective role against inflammatory responses developed after renal ischemia–reperfusion injury.     

中西医结合治疗酒精性肝病的疗效观察

目的　观察用常规方法及中西医结合方法治疗酒精性肝病的疗效差异。方法　将 5 6例酒精性肝病患者随机分为二组 ,对照组常规方法治疗 ,治疗组常规方法加中医辩证施治。结果　两组治疗三个月后 ,治疗组消化道症状消除 ,GOT/GPT恢复正常 ,γ -GT恢复正常 ,B超声像图好转等四个观察指标明显优于对照组。结论　中西医结合治疗酒精性肝病目前仍是可靠和可取的方法     

心肌缺血患者白细胞计数动态变化及其活性研究

目的:探讨心肌缺血患者外周血白细胞计数及活性与心肌缺血发生发展的相关性。方法:对74例心肌缺血患者进行回顾性统计,以白细胞计数lO×109/L分组,大于此数患者归于异常组,小于此数则属于正常组.把心肌缺血患者分为两组.一组为心肌梗死组,另一组为心绞痛组,以健康体检者为对照组,分别就患者组与健康对照组在ld～3d/4d~6d/7d—lOd/lld—14d分四个阶段进行白细胞计数及活性测定。结果:心肌梗死组的白细胞计数明显高于冠心病组及正常对照组;随着病情的减轻白细胞计数逐渐下降,其白细胞活性与其记数呈正相关;且心肌梗死组白细胞教异常的病例数明显高于冠心病组及正常对照组。结论:白细胞数及活性的升高参与了心肌缺血的病理生理过程。     

Risk factors of type 2 diabetes among Korean adults: The 2001 Korean national health and nutrition examination survey

This study aimed to identify risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Korea, a rapidly changing country. Data of 5,132 adults aged 20-85 were used from the 2001 Korean Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multiple logistic regression was carried out to identify risk factors for T2D. Three models were specified: (i) socioeconomic and demographic factors (model 1: age, gender, education, poverty income ratio, employment), (ii) behavioral risk factors and covariates (model 2: obesity, physical activity, smoking, alcohol drinking, dietary quality, family history of T2D, co-morbidity) and (iii) socioeconomic, demographic, and behavioral factors (model 3). The prevalence of T2D was 7.4%. Less education (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.08-1.84), age (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.56-3.08 in 40-59 yrs, OR 4.05, 95% CI 2.76-5.95 in 60 yrs + comparing to 20-39 yrs) and abdominal obesity (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.79-2.82) were risk factors for T2D even after controlling for other factors simultaneously. There was a significant association of T2D with ever smoking (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.06-1.67). The relationship of age with T2D was modified by gender in model 1 and the relationship of smoking with T2D was modified by obesity in model 2. Less educated, older, obese or ever smokers were more likely to have T2D. Gender mediated the relationship of age, and obesity mediated the relationship of smoking, with T2D. Intervention programs for T2D in Korea should take the interactions among risk factors into account.     

高温高湿环境下守岛官兵训练时脑血流和脑电生理的变化研究

目的 探讨高温高湿环境下守岛官兵训练前后脑血流和脑电生理的变化,为临床防治热致疾病提供依据.方法 从守岛官兵中随机抽取在常温常湿环境下温度(27.40±1.37)℃,湿度(50.25±6.76)%]新兵100名为常温新兵组,高温高湿环境下(温度≥35℃,湿度≥80%)新兵100名为高温新兵组;高温高湿环境下服役2～3 年的官兵100名为高温老兵组.受试者负重15 kg,分次在3000 m/15 min,5000 m/30 min和10 000 m/45 min内完成跑步训练.10 000 m训练后,根据受试者脑血流高低又分为脑血流增高组(24名)、脑血流降低组(46名)和脑血流正常组(230名).训练前后行经颅多普勒血流诊断仪和脑电图仪检测.结果 (1)3000 m训练后3组受试官兵脑平均血流速度(Vm)较训练前均显著增高(P＜0.01),但5000 m和10 000 m训练后,常温新兵组降低6%和16%,高温老兵组降低5%和15%,高温新兵组降低14%和31%,比常温新兵组和高温老兵组低(P＜0.01);(2)10 000 m训练前后3组脑电图均在正常范围,3组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);(3)10 000 m训练后脑血流增高组和降低组脑电图比正常血流组活跃(P＜0.01).结论 高温高湿环境下10 000 m训练对官兵的脑血流有较大的影响,但对脑电生理无影响,老兵在此环境下则表现出较好的热耐受力和适应性.     

血管性痴呆小鼠海马突触后致密物95表达的研究

目的:探讨血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,VD)小鼠海马突触后致密物95(postsynaptic density95,PSD-95)表达的变化。方法:双侧颈总动脉线结,反复缺血-再灌注法制备小鼠VD模型,跳台试验观测其行为学改变,免疫组织化学方法观察海马齿状回PSD-95的表达。结果:模型组小鼠学习、记忆成绩下降(P<0.05),其海马齿状回(dentategyrus,DG)PSD-95免疫阳性产物较对照组明显减少(P<0.05)。结论:VD模型小鼠学习记忆能力下降可能与海马PSD-95的表达减少有关。     

极重度骨髓型和肠型急性放射病细菌感染的防治

目的 探讨极重度骨髓型和肠型急性放射病细菌感染的防治经验,为今后急性放射病的治疗提供治疗经验.方法 2例急性放射病患者整个病程中均合并不同菌种的感染,通过观察患者的临床症状、影像学检查及相关的病原体检测而给予不同强度的抗细菌和真菌治疗,通过观察临床症状、影像学检查及病原学检测评价疗效.结果 2例急性放射病患者在治疗中均出现多次反复的细菌感染,同时伴有持续的真菌感染,经强有力的抗细菌和真菌治疗后细菌感染得到暂时控制,真菌感染始终没有控制.病例A于受照后14天出现急性腹膜炎,照后19天出现肺部感染,经泰能加万古霉素等抗生素治疗细菌感染得到控制,于照后33天死于真菌感染败血症和多脏器功能衰竭.病例B于受照后反复出现肺部感染,且于照后55天和照后71天出现G-杆菌败血症,经泰能加万古霉素等抗生素治疗后细菌感染均控制,但真菌感染一直存在,于照后75天因多脏器功能衰竭抢救无效死亡.结论 极重度骨髓型和肠型急性放射病患者的细菌感染呈阶段性.全身性阶段性应用高强抗生素是防治细菌感染的主要有效措施.     

History of haemophilia

Summary.  Haemophilia, an ancient disease, now has sophisticated methods for diagnosis and treatment. The genetically missing factors can now be supplied by fractionation of human-derived (HD) plasma or with recombinant technology (r). Making therapeutic choices is complicated by past transfusion-transmitted diseases. HD and r products now have similar safety profiles. Several diseases have only HD products for treatment. These products remain important in our treatment armamentarium.