肿瘤血管生成对微转移影响的研究进展

目的 探讨肿瘤血管生成对微转移的影响。方法 复习国内、外文献，并结合我们自己所作的工作，综合分析肿瘤血管生成与微转移的关系。结果 肿瘤血管生成是微转移肿瘤发展的基础。结论 微转移对血管生成的依赖性，孕育着肿瘤治疗上一场新的革命。     

穿刺切吸加胶原酶间盘内溶核术治疗颈椎间盘突出症临床观察

Degenerativechangesofcervicalintervertebraldiscorcervicalspineinjuryoftencanproducecervicaldischerniationwhichischaracterizedbysymptomsandsignsofdegenerativechangesofcer－vicaldiscorcervicalspineinjury，nerveinvolvementchangesduetocompressionbyprominentintervertebraldisc．Thesesymptomscouldberelievedafterconservativetreatmentinmostpatients．Butsurgerywasnecessaryforsomepatients．Authoroncemanagedcervicaldischerniationusingpercutanouscervicaldisectomy（PCD）andobtainedfavorabletherapeuticeffec…     

A Novel Tetracyclic Peptide, Trapoxin, Induces Phenotypic Change from Transformed to Normal in sis-Oncogene-transformed NIH3T3 Cells

A novel tetra cyclic peptide, trapoxin [cyclo(L-phenylalanyl-L-phenylalanyl-D-pipecolinyl-L-2-amino-8-oxo-9,10-epoxy-decanoyl)], was found to induce the flat phenotype in v-sis-transformed NIH3T3 cells at a quite low concentration of 1 ng/ml. Actin stress fiber could be detected after trapoxin treatment. Almost complete reversion into the flat phenotype was observed at 6 h after the administration of the compound. The effect of trapoxin was reversible, when the cell culture was incubated for more than 24 h after its removal. The intracellular level of sis-mRNA did not decrease with trapoxin treatment at a concentration (50 ng/ml), sufficient to reverse the transformed morphology. Substitution of pipecolinic acid with proline in trapoxin did not change the activity. WF3161, in which leucine was substituted for a phenylalanine of trapoxin, showed only one-sixteenth of the activity of trapoxin. Reduction of the epoxide residue of trapoxin destroyed the activity.     

湘西地区孕妇HBVM检测结果分析

目的:了解湘西地区孕妇乙肝病毒血清标志物感染组合类型的特点、分布情况及其与孕妇民族、来源、文化层次、孕次的关系.方法:用ELISA法对本地区3所医院妇产科住院的孕产妇进行乙肝5项指标的检测,同时调查其民族、来源、文化层次、孕次等资料,并进行统计学分析.结果:发现21种乙肝病毒标志物组合类型,常见类型排序为全阴、HBsAb阳性、小三阳、HBsAg阳性、HBcAb阳性、大三阳;苗族孕妇HbcAb阳性率明显低于土家族、汉族,农村孕妇HBsAb、HBcAb及小三阳的比例均高于城镇孕妇,初中以下文化层次的孕妇HBsAb、小三阳高于高中以上文化层次者,多次妊娠的孕妇大三阳高于初次及2次妊娠者.结论:本地区孕妇乙肝病毒感染组合类型存在民族差异性,并与孕妇的来源、文化层次及妊娠次数有关.     

基于因子分析与聚类分析的老年溃疡性结肠炎中医证候特点研究

目的 :探讨老年溃疡性结肠炎中医证素特点及证型分类、分布规律。方法 :采集206例老年溃疡性结肠炎患者的四诊信息,运用因子分析与聚类分析相结合的方法对35项变量进行分析,结合证素辨证体系寻找本病的中医证素特点及证型分布规律。结果:证素辨证学研究得出本组206例老年溃疡性结肠炎病位证素5项,病性证素9项,其中病位证素主要涉及脾、肠、肾、肝,病性证素主要涉及气虚、湿、热、阳虚、寒、气滞;采用因子分析35个证候条目,结合证素辨证学及专家讨论,总结出6类中医证型:大肠湿热证、脾胃气虚证、脾肾阳虚证、肝郁脾虚证、阴虚肠燥证、血瘀肠络证;采用聚类分析得出上述证型的分布比例,依次为脾胃气虚证28.16%(58/206)、大肠湿热证23.30%(48/206)、脾肾阳虚证21.84%(45/206)、肝郁脾虚证13.11%(27/206)、阴虚肠燥证8.74%(18/206)、血瘀肠络证4.85%(10/206)。结论:老年溃疡性结肠炎基本中医证型有六类,以气虚证、湿热证、阳虚证最常见。     

护理程序在高龄股骨颈骨折假体置换术病人护理中的应用

应用护理程序对43例高龄股骨颈骨折假体置换术病人进行术前评估,根据高龄股骨颈骨折病人的特点及护理难点,有针对性地制定术中巡回护理计划及具体的护理措施,提高了高龄股骨颈骨折假体置换术病人手术护理质量,减少了并发症的发生.     

活血通络解毒方联合rtPA动脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死临床疗效及对MCP-1、sICAM-1变化的研究

目的研究活血通络解毒方联合重组组织型纤溶酶原激活物(rtPA)动脉溶栓对急性脑梗死的临床疗效及单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)、可溶性细胞黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)的变化影响。方法选取医院2017年2月—2019年6月收治的急性脑梗死患者86例,采用随机数字法分为两组。所有患者均给予常规内科基础病治疗,对照组加用rtPA动脉溶栓治疗,观察组加用活血通络解毒方联合rtPA动脉溶栓治疗,分析两组患者治疗后的临床效果。结果两组治疗前、治疗后24 h美国国立卫生院卒中评分量表(NIHSS)评分组间比较,差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组治疗后14 d后NIHSS评分[(10.10±1.64)分]低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组中医证候总有效率(90.70%,39/43)高于对照组(74.42%,32/43),但症状性颅内出血(SICH)发生率(6.98%,3/43)与对照组(9.30%,4/43)比较,差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组治疗前血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、MCP-1、sICAM-1、D-二聚体(D-D)水平组间比较,差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组治疗后VEGF水平高于对照组,MCP-1、sICAM-1、D-D水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论活血通络解毒方联合rtPA动脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死可调节VEGF、MCP-1、sICAM-1、D-D的表达水平,改善神经功能缺损情况,提高疗效。     

应用声学密度定量技术评价药物对颈动脉和股动脉斑块声学组织特性的作用

目的探讨声学密度定量技术在舒降之、普罗布考和开搏通对动脉粥样硬化治疗中的应用。方法104例动脉粥样硬化(AS)患者随机分为对照组、舒降之组、普罗布考组和开搏通组。于药物治疗前后测量颈动脉和股动脉内膜-中层厚度(IMT)、管腔回声强度(AII-L)、内中膜回声强度(AII-I)、外膜回声强度(AII-A)、斑块回声强度(AII-P)和内中膜或斑块校正回声强度(AIIc)。结果股动脉内中膜AIIc显著高于颈动脉的测值(P<0.01),AIIc与动脉IMT呈中度正相关关系(r=0.43,P<0.001),与动脉β值呈高度正相关关系(r=0.75,P<0.001)。脂质型斑块、纤维型斑块、钙化型斑块AIIc依次显著增高(P<0.05)。与入选时比较,1年后各部位动脉内中膜AIIc有增高的趋势。普罗布考组内中膜AIIc增大略高于其他组,但AIIc变化率各组间无明显差异(P>0.05)。治疗后普罗布考组脂质型斑块AIIc较治疗前统计学有显著性差异(P均<0.05)。舒降之组和开搏通组治疗前后无显著性变化(P>0.05)。结论超声技术测量的内中膜校正回声强度可用于评价斑块的组织特性,普罗布考可显著增加脂质性动脉粥样硬化斑块的声学密度。     

Earth history events shaped the evolution of uneven biodiversity across tropical moist forests

Far from a uniform band, the biodiversity found across Earth’s tropical moist forests varies widely between the high diversity of the Neotropics and Indomalaya and the relatively lower diversity of the Afrotropics. Explanations for this variation across different regions, the “pantropical diversity disparity” (PDD), remain contentious, due to difficulty teasing apart the effects of contemporary climate and paleoenvironmental history. Here, we assess the ubiquity of the PDD in over 150,000 species of terrestrial plants and vertebrates and investigate the relationship between the present-day climate and patterns of species richness. We then investigate the consequences of paleoenvironmental dynamics on the emergence of biodiversity gradients using a spatially explicit model of diversification coupled with paleoenvironmental and plate tectonic reconstructions. Contemporary climate is insufficient in explaining the PDD; instead, a simple model of diversification and temperature niche evolution coupled with paleoaridity constraints is successful in reproducing the variation in species richness and phylogenetic diversity seen repeatedly among plant and animal taxa, suggesting a prevalent role of paleoenvironmental dynamics in combination with niche conservatism. The model indicates that high biodiversity in Neotropical and Indomalayan moist forests is driven by complex macroevolutionary dynamics associated with mountain uplift. In contrast, lower diversity in Afrotropical forests is associated with lower speciation rates and higher extinction rates driven by sustained aridification over the Cenozoic. Our analyses provide a mechanistic understanding of the emergence of uneven diversity in tropical moist forests across 110 Ma of Earth’s history, highlighting the importance of deep-time paleoenvironmental legacies in determining biodiversity patterns.

Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, including evergreen tropical rain forests and wet seasonal forests (hereafter tropical moist forests), are the most species-rich terrestrial biome on the planet (1–3) and are most broadly distributed throughout the Amazon basin and Atlantic forest in the Neotropics, the Congo basin and Rift Mountains in the Afrotropics, and both mainland and archipelagic South and Southeast Asia in Indomalaya (4). While all three major tropical moist forest regions (hereafter Neotropics, Afrotropics, and Indomalaya) have an exceptionally high species diversity of plants and animals in comparison with other biomes, the total regional diversity (γ-diversity) and number of species that coexist locally (α-diversity) vary dramatically across continents (2). Specifically, moist forests in the Afrotropics typically harbor lower species diversity than the Neotropics and Indomalaya (5–9), leading the Afrotropics to be labeled as the “odd man out” (9). We refer to this phenomenon as pantropical diversity disparity (PDD). This pattern has been highlighted in several keystone taxa, such as palms (family Arecaceae), which—of roughly 2,500 species globally—have ∼1,200 species in Indomalaya and 800 species in the Neotropics but only 66 species in the Afrotropics (excluding Madagascar) (10, 11). Investigating the drivers of variation in species diversity in moist forests across continents could provide an alternative perspective for understanding the processes that have shaped extraordinary tropical diversity.Explanations for the PDD have been expressed in terms of both contemporary differences in carrying capacities between regions based on the distribution of key environmental variables (9, 12, 13) and historical differences in paleoenvironmental dynamics shaping the past distribution of tropical biomes (14–19) and patterns of diversification (20–22). Species diversity in tropical moist forests may be driven by contemporary climate conditions if energy and resource availability from high precipitation, temperature, and solar radiation facilitates a greater number of coexisting species (2, 23). These environmental features have been shown to explain significant variation in species diversity along a terrestrial latitudinal gradient (24), yet they also vary longitudinally between tropical regions (2) with, for example, the Afrotropics lacking analogous sites of aseasonal high precipitation found in the Neotropics and Indomalaya, which are among the most biodiverse in these regions (12). Tropical biomes in different regions also have had dramatically different paleoenvironmental histories, associated with distinct geological and climatic dynamics (2, 9, 14, 25), which may have driven variation in speciation, extinction, and dispersal rates between regions owing to dynamic patterns of fragmentation, connectivity, and habitat heterogeneity (25, 26). For example, previous paleoenvironmental reconstructions indicate that while moist forests in the Neotropics and Indomalaya have remained relatively constant in size since the Eocene, moist forests in the Afrotropics suffered a drastic reduction in area from the Miocene onward (14, 20), which is believed to have driven widespread extinction from range contractions (25, 27). Additionally, Afrotropical moist forests lay at the center of the African tectonic plate and therefore, lack the intersection of active orogeny at plate boundaries with terrestrial mesic equatorial habitat as seen in the Neotropical and Indomalayan regions, leading to the formation of the Andes in the Neotropics and the Himalayan and southwest Chinese mountain chains, as well as the Southeast Asian archipelago in Indomalaya (2, 15). Active orogeny has presented dynamic opportunities for ecological and allopatric speciation (19, 28, 29) and may explain the disparity in biodiversity among tropical regions.Drawing inferences about historical processes that have shaped the PDD has been challenging and restricted by the limited mechanistic understanding of ecological and evolutionary processes from correlative or comparative methods (30). Instead, by combining paleoenvironmental reconstructions with spatially explicit models of ecoevolutionary processes, simulation models offer a unique but largely underused resource (but see, for example, refs. 31–34) to directly explore the evolutionary mechanisms behind the origins of biodiversity patterns in silico (30, 34). In this study, we explored the origins of the PDD in three steps. First, we quantified the ubiquity of the PDD across a wide range of plant and animal taxa. We then tested whether contemporary climate conditions can explain variation in species diversity among continents using a correlative approach. Finally and most innovatively, we assessed the role of paleoenvironmental dynamics in driving pantropical biodiversity patterns using a spatially explicit simulation model of diversification coupled with a paleoenvironmental reconstruction of temperature, aridity, and plate tectonics over the past 110 Ma. Specifically, we explored how major changes in the paleoclimate and plate tectonics have shaped speciation and extinction rates throughout the Mesozoic and Cenozoic and the spatial distribution of phylogenetic diversity. We asked the following questions. 1) Are present-day climatic differences between continents sufficient to explain differences in species diversity? 2) Could deep-time environmental dynamics have driven the emergence of present-day diversity differences between regions? 3) How has spatial and temporal variation in speciation and extinction rates shaped spatial diversity patterns, and how have mountain building, island formation, global cooling, and aridification influenced these rates? 4) What is the deep-time signature of diversification and dispersal in spatial patterns of phylogenetic diversity?     

群峰电位的定量分析及其在苦参碱研究中的应用

目的开发一自动分析群峰电位的软件系统,并用于研究苦参碱对中枢神经诱发放电的抑制作用。方法针对Powerlab系统记录的电信号,设计一套分析系统,用于自动检测群峰电位参数;在青霉素诱导海马CA1区兴奋性放电模型中,施加不同剂量的苦参碱,记录脑片信号,应用上述软件系统进行分析。结果用此系统处理数据比人工处理方便、迅速,结果直观明了,正确检出率可达到81．7％。分析表明,0．10g／L苦参碱对青霉素诱发的兴奋有明显的抑制作用;比0．05g／L苦参碱的作用强;ACSF对PS各参数的影响不显著。结论本分析软件可大大提高分析效率,有较强的实用性。高剂量的苦参碱能够很好地抑制青霉素钠诱导的海马CA1区兴奋性电位。