2型糖尿病患者大网膜与皮下脂肪组织抵抗素蛋白表达的研究

目的了解2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者大网膜与皮下脂肪组织抵抗素蛋白表达的情况,探讨肥胖和糖尿病间的关系.方法Western bolt法检测大网膜及皮下脂肪组织抵抗素表达情况;磁性分离酶联免疫法测定空腹血胰岛素水平,葡萄糖氧化酶法测定血糖浓度,并计算胰岛素敏感指数;测量身高、体重、臀围、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP),计算腰臀比(WHR)、体重指数(BMI)、体内脂肪百分比(BF%).结果以OD值表示,正常对照组(57411±1225.59)大网膜与皮下脂肪组织抵抗素蛋白表达明显较单纯肥胖组(41671±884.38)(P＜0.01)、非肥胖T2DM组(42132±1286.15)(P＜0.01)\肥胖T2DM组(42677±1751.10)(P＜0.05)表达增高,后三组抵抗素蛋白表达差异无显著性.四组自身的大网膜与皮下脂肪组织抵抗素蛋白表达无显著差异.逐步回归分析示WHR、BMI、FBG对抵抗素表达的作用显著,方程为v=116338-38562×WHR-1154.99×BMI-1243.63×FBG.结论正常对照组大网膜与皮下脂肪组织抵抗素蛋白表达明显较单纯肥胖组、非肥胖T2DM组、肥胖T2DM组表达增高,抵抗素与腰臀比、体重指数、空腹血糖呈显著负相关提示人体抵抗素不是肥胖和糖尿病的联系所在.     

Leptin and resistin levels and their relationships with glucose metabolism in children with chronic renal insufficiency and undergoing dialysis

AIM: The aim of the present study is: (i) to evaluate the serum concentrations of leptin and resistin in the paediatric patients with chronic renal impairment (CRI), on haemodialysis (HD) and on peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment; (ii) to examine the relationship between these hormones; and (iii) to investigate the possible influence of these hormones on the insulin resistance and sensitivity indexes as well as on serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels. METHODS: In total, 52 patients (15 patients with CRI, 24 PD patients and 13 HD patients) and 23 healthy age- and sex-matched control subjects were included in the present study. RESULTS: Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was higher than 2.5 in 47.1% of the patients. IGF-1 levels of patients with CRI, PD and HD patients were significantly lower than those in the controls (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). The leptin levels of patients with CRI and on PD and HD treatment were significantly higher than the control group (P = 0.038, P = 0.002, P = 0.006, respectively). Similarly, serum resistin levels of patients with CRI and those of PD and HD patients were higher when compared with healthy controls (P = 0.037, P < 0.001, P = 0.005, respectively). CONCLUSION: Leptin and resistin levels were increased in the children with CRF; however, this elevation was not found to be associated with hyperinsulinism. Further studies to explain the mechanisms and consequences of the accumulation of these hormones in CRF may provide the therapeutical approach aiming to normalize their circulating levels.     

Relationship between resistin and aPAI‐1 levels with insulin resistance in Saudi children

Background: Association of resistin with insulin resistance (IR) in humans is still controversial and few studies have investigated the association of plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) with IR in children. The purpose of the present study was therefore to evaluate serum levels of resistin and active PAI‐1 (aPAI‐1) in Saudi children and their association with the various obesity‐related complications. Methods: In this cross‐sectional study, 73 boys and 77 girls with varying body mass index (BMI) were recruited. They were assessed for anthropometric measures and fasting serum levels of glucose, insulin, lipid profile, resistin, angiotensin II (ANG II) and aPAI‐1. Results: Resistin was positively correlated with hips (r = 0.33, P < 0.01), waist (r = 0.23, P < 0.05) and BMI (r = 0.33, P < 0.01). The association of resistin with the markers of obesity was also significant in girls but lost significance in boys. aPAI‐1 was positively correlated with total cholesterol (r = 0.24; P < 0.01), triglycerides (r = 0.2, P < 0.05), HOMA‐IR (r = 0.26, P < 0.01) and insulin (r = 0.26, P < 0.01). The significant association of aPAI‐1 with IR was also true in girls but lost significance in boys. Conclusion: Resistin is not correlated with IR and further studies are needed to explore the role of resistin especially in childhood obesity. In contrast, increased levels of PAI‐1 may contribute to the risk of cardiovascular diseases related to obesity and insulin resistance in children. The observed gender‐related differences in the association between resistin, aPAI‐1 with obesity markers and IR could be attributed to sexual dimorphism in body fat distribution.     

高血压患者血清瘦素、抵抗素水平与颈动脉内膜-中层厚度的关系

目的:探讨原发性高血压患者血清瘦素、抵抗素水平的变化及与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关关系.方法:入选80例原发性高血压患者(病例组),另选32例健康对照者.采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清瘦素、抵抗素水平;采用彩色超声诊断仪测定颈动脉内膜-中层厚度(IMT).结果:病例组的瘦素(t=-2.530,P=0.013)和抵抗素水平(t=-2.077,P=0.041)均高于对照组.病例组的颈动脉IMT(t=-3.115,P=0.003)和颈动脉最大IMT(t=-3.271,P=0.002)均大于对照组.Pearson相关分析示,高血压患者血清瘦素与IMT(r=0.311,P=0.012)和最大IMT(r=0.308,P=0.013)呈显著正相关;血清抵抗素与IMT(r=0.335,P=0.006)和最大IMT(r=0.284,P=0.022)呈显著正相关.结论:原发性高血压患者的血清瘦素、抵抗素水平显著升高,且它们和颈动脉IMT存在相关性.     

非酒精性脂肪肝患者血浆抵抗素水平测定及与胰岛素抵抗的相关性

目的 探讨血浆抵抗素水平变化在非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）发病中的作用及与胰岛素抵抗（IR）的关系。方法选择32例单纯NAFLD患者（F组）、29例NAFLD并2型糖尿病患者（FD组）和30例体检正常者（对照组）,分别测定空腹血浆抵抗素、空腹血糖（FPG）及胰岛素（FINS）水平,计算胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）,并分析其相关性。结果F组和FD组血浆抵抗素水平、FINS及ISI均明显高于对照组,尤以FD组为著;且血浆抵抗素水平与FINS、FPG呈正相关,与ISI呈负相关。结论NAFLD患者血浆抵抗素水平升高（尤以并2型糖尿病者为著）,并与ISI呈负相关;此可能在NAFLD等IR相关性疾病的发生、发展中具有一定作用。     

Effects of 1-year orlistat treatment compared to placebo on insulin resistance parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes

What is known and Objective: The behavioural approach is usually slow and not always sufficient to achieve optimal targets in weight and metabolic control in obese diabetic patients, and a pharmacological treatment is often necessary. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of orlistat and placebo on body weight, glycaemic and lipid profile and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Two hundred and fifty‐four obese, diabetic patients were enrolled in this study and randomized to take orlistat 360 mg or placebo for 1 year. We evaluated at baseline and after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months body weight, waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), glycated haemoglobin (HbA_1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), post‐prandial plasma glucose (PPG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA‐IR), lipid profile, retinol‐binding protein‐4 (RBP‐4), resistin, visfatin and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (Hs‐CRP). Results and Discussion: We observed a significant reduction in body weight, WC, BMI, lipid profile, RBP‐4 and visfatin in the orlistat group but not in control group. Faster improvements in HbA_1c, PPG, FPI, HOMA‐IR, resistin and Hs‐CRP were recorded with orlistat than with placebo. A similar decrease in FPG was seen in the two groups. Significant predictors of change in insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) were RBP‐4 and resistin concentration in the orlistat group (r = ?0·53, P < 0·05, and r = ?0·59, P < 0·01, respectively). What is new and Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the effect of orlistat on insulin resistance and markers of inflammation. Orlistat improved lipid profile and led to faster glycaemic control and insulin resistance parameters than the control, without any serious adverse event. Orlistat also improved RBP‐4 and visfatin, effects not observed with placebo.     

抵抗素-420C/G基因多态性与中国东北地区汉族人群2型糖尿病大血管病变相关性分析

目的:研究中国东北地区汉族人群抵抗素(RETN)-420C/G基因单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)的等位基因、基因型频率分布及其与2型糖尿病(T2DM)大血管病变之间的关系.方法:应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法对180例样本[T2DM并发大血管病变组60例,单纯T2DM组60例,正常对照(ND...