Totally laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy for locally advanced gastric cancer

Background  In patients having locally advanced cancer of the stomach with suspected tumor infiltration to the pancreatic head or the duodenum, a concurrent pancreaticoduodenectomy with gastrectomy is occasionally prerequisite to achieve a microscopically tumor-free surgical margin. Materials and methods  We present the first series of successful totally laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (TLPD) for advanced gastric cancer with suspected infiltration to the pancreatic head. Results  TLPD was successfully performed without adverse events during surgery and resulted in favorable short-term outcomes of three patients with locally advanced gastric cancer with suspected invasion to the pancreas. Conclusions  Although TLPD for locally advanced gastric cancer is a technically difficult challenging operation that requires careful dissection along the major vessels, intracorporeal tie sutures, and the placement of an external drainage tube into a narrow pancreatic duct, this procedure is technically feasible and safe in the hands of experienced surgeons. Long-term follow-up is mandatory to validate oncological outcome.     

Pancreaticoduodenectomy in the elderly over 80 years:a case report

Introduction A ge limits for radical surgery have become a matter of interest because of aging of the population. There are a large series of very elderly patients undergoing cardiothoracic and vascular procedures, but few studies have been undertaken on the outcomes of these patients following major intra-abdominal surgery.[1] Among digestive tumors, the incidences of periampullary malignant tumor and pancreatic ductal adenocarc- inoma are one of the highest. Before the early 1990s, there was…     

Predictive factors for complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy

BACKGROUND: Knowledge of the risk factors for complications following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is sparse and there is not a consensus regarding the criteria to define the complications. The objective of this study was to determine the predictive risk factors for this surgery using the international study group definition. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between October 1999 and September 2005, data from 295 consecutive patients who underwent a PD in the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital were recorded prospectively. Medical records and specific charts from surgical procedures, histopathology reports, and intensive care units were continually scrutinized. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to estimate relative risks and their 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Among 295 patients undergoing PD, 103 (34.9%) experienced at least one complication. Operations by low-volume surgeons (<50 PD surgeries across their lifetime) were followed by more abdominal complications (odds ratio [OR] 45.2). End-to-end pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) resulted in more complications than end-to-side PJ (OR 2.7). Diabetes mellitus, increased estimated blood loss, and soft gland texture significantly increased the risks of abdominal complications. Systemic morbidity (OR 9.9) was the only independent predictive factor for mortality. CONCLUSION: High-volume surgeons and end-to-side PJ greatly reduce the risk of abdominal complications in patients undergoing PD. The higher abdominal complications rate in patients with soft gland texture was similar to those found in previous reports. Moreover, PD should be performed with considerable attention in patients with diabetes mellitus.     

两种不同胰十二指肠切除术残胰重建方式的比较

目的探讨预防胰十二指肠切除术(pancreaticoduodenectomy,PD)术后胰漏的合理胰腺残端处理方式.方法回顾性分析该院10年间行PD治疗的壶腹周围癌肿患者的临床资料.观察围手术期的情况和术后胰漏及由此引发的腹腔感染的发生率.结果两组病人间围手术期情况的差异无统计学意义,胰管空肠端侧吻合组与胰腺空肠端端吻合组术后胰漏发生率分别为3.9%和12.6%(P=0.044).腹腔感染发生率分别为1.3%和9.7%(P=0.026),相关死亡率为0和5.8%.结论胰管空肠端侧吻合重建确实可靠,能够有效地降低PD后胰漏的发生.     

原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的诊治

目的：探讨原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的诊治方法。方法：回顾性分析29例患临床资料，并结合有关献分析原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的发病情况，癌前病变，误诊原因、手术及再手术的选择。结果：十二指肠恶性肿瘤以降部乳头区和腺癌最为常见；十二指肠绒毛状瘤是癌前病变之一；主要误诊疾病为阻塞性黄疸、消化性溃疡、胆总管结石、消化道出血及小肠梗阻；29例中行胰十二指肠切除术13例及改道短路手术9例，根治性切除率为44．83％。结论：原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤发病率低，易误诊；术前最有效的诊断方法为十二指肠镜加活检和十二指肠气钡双重造影；治疗首选胰十二指肠切除术。     

Pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy with combined resection of the portal vein and gastrointestinal reconstruction by imanaga procedure for ductal cancer of the head of the pancreas

Twenty-six patients who underwent pyloruspreserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PPPD) for ductal cancer of the head of the pancreas between 1983 and 1993 were reviewed. Gastrointestinal continuity was restored by the methods of Imanaga (n=21) and Traverso (n=5). Combined resection of the portal vein and/or superior mesenteric vein was performed in 13 patients. Surgical complications occurred in 5 patients, but there were no postoperative deaths. Delayed gastric emptying was observed in 42% of patients. The median survival time for all 26 patients was 13 months. Three patients survived for more than 3 years, and one of them is currently alive without recurrence at 10 years. Differences in survival rates were not apparent between patients who underwent PPPD with and without portal vein resection. Survival rate after PPPD was compared with that after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) performed between 1974 and 1992; the difference was not significant. Patients who underwent noncurative PPPD had a significantly better survival rate than those who underwent noncurative PD (P<0.05). PPPD has improved the quality of life of the resected patients, without reducing survival rate. At present, PPPD by the Imanaga procedure could be the best choice for management of cancer of the pancreatic head.     

闭合性十二指肠损伤的早期诊断及手术方式选择

目的探讨闭合性十二指肠损伤的临床特点、早期诊断及手术方式选择。方法回顾性分析1990年~2005年收治的19例闭合性十二指肠损伤病例资料。术前确诊3例(15.8%),术中确诊14例(73.7%),漏诊2例(10.5%)。结果19例均行手术治疗,其中行单纯十二指肠破裂修补术3例;十二指肠修补加带蒂浆肌片覆盖2例;十二指肠端端吻合术2例;十二指肠空肠端侧或侧侧Roux-en-Y吻合8例;十二指肠憩室化手术3例,胰头十二指肠切除1例。术后发生并发症7例(36.8%),其中十二指肠瘘4例,胰瘘1例,切口裂开2例。治愈16例(84.2%),死亡3例(15.8%)。结论掌握闭合性十二指肠损伤的特点,注重早期诊断、早期手术,加强术中探查,选择合理术式是提高治愈率,降低死亡率的关键。     

Preservation of the pylorus during pancreaticoduodenectomy —Evolution and current indications

The Whipple procedure has been improved by preservation of afunctioning pylorus. A functioning pylorus is important because marginal ulceration is avoided and, compared to the standard Whipple procedure with hemigastrectomy, more patients can gain weight postoperatively. The most common indications for this procedure are severe complication of chronic pancreatitis and periampullary tumors. In patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the pylorus-preserving variety results in equal or better survival rates than those of the standard Whipple procedure with hemigastrectomy. Surgery alone is not sufficient to improve survival rates in patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Improved imaging modalities are required to diagnose the disease earlier. The most likely combination of treatment to prolong survival time is a combination of resection for cure in a patient with an early diagnosis plus an aggressive adjuvant chemoradiotherapy protocol. This protocol is most likely to be completed if a patient has preserved endocrine, exocrine, and digestive ability. A radical (R1) pylorus-preserving Whipple procedure would have the following advantages to result in the best survival rates — the patients can gain weight and thereby withstand the chemoradiotherapy protocol while, at the same time, the weakest aspect of the radical resection is addressed, i.e., the retroperitoneal margin of the pancreatic head.     

改良胰管空肠端侧吻合在胰十二指肠切除术中的应用

目的通过与其他吻合术式比较,探讨改良胰管空肠端侧吻合在胰十二指肠切除术中的应用价值。方法分析我院于2009年1月至2011年5月进行的203例因恶性肿瘤行胰十二指肠切除术的患者,其中A组86例,行改良胰管空肠端侧吻合;B组68例,行套入式胰肠端侧吻合;C组49例,行套入式胰肠端端吻合。分别比较胰肠吻合手术时间、术后胰瘘等并发症情况。结果 A、B、C三组胰肠吻合时间分别为(10.6±2.8)min、(19.9±3.6)min及(20.6±3.7)min,A组吻合时间显著低于其他两组(P<0.05)。术后胰瘘发生率A组最低,为1.1%(1/86),B组为4.4%(3/68),C组为6.1%(3/49)。结论胰管空肠端侧吻合操作简便省时,术后并发症发生率低,是胰十二指肠切除术中胰肠吻合的一种良好方法。