冀产红景天抗应激作用的实验研究

本文药理实验研究表明,冀产三种红景天(红景天Rhodiola rosea;狭叶红景天R.kirilowii;小丛红景天R.dumulosa)煎剂具有显著或非常显著地抗疲劳、耐缺氧、耐寒、耐高温等抗应激作用。     

动物饲料促生长剂对大鼠部分生殖功能指标的影响

目的　探讨动物饲料促生长素添加剂对雌性大鼠部分生殖功能的影响。方法　采用动物实验方法 ,研究不同浓度促生长剂溶液灌胃对大鼠阴道开口时间、动情周期、脏器系数等生殖功能指标和对肝脏毒性指标的影响。结果　 ( 1)低剂量组大鼠平均体重和体重增长率高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;( 2 )低剂量组大鼠阴道开口时间明显早于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;( 3 )染毒 2周后低剂量组进入动情期的大鼠多于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,中剂量组和高剂量组与对照量组比较 ,进入动情周期的大鼠无显著性差异 ;( 4)各剂量组大鼠子宫和卵巢脏器系数与对照组相比均无显著性差异 ,但随浓度增加 ,各剂量组有一定的下降趋势。结论　促生长剂对大鼠有一定的雌激素样作用 ,并且这种影响可能和促生长剂的浓度有一定的相关性     

The reaction of the guinea pig cochlea to perforations of the round window membrane with and without perilymph aspiration

Summary The influence of simple opening of the round window (RW) membrane and the effect of aspiration of perilymph on the electrophysiological characteristics of the cochlea was tested in guinea pigs by measurement of the compound action potentials. We found that perforations of the RW membrane failed to lead to either shortterm or long-term damage in cochlear function. There was only a slight spontaneous escape of perilymph but without measurable functional loss. Additional aspiration of perilymph led to entry of air into the basal turn and to an immediate loss of function of the cochlea. This regressed within 4 weeks in the middle- and low-frequency ranges. Measurable long-term damage persisted only in the high-frequency ranges. We attribute contradictory results of other authors to methodological errors which we avoided by a specific selection of healthy animals and the development of standardized operation, recording and measurement procedures.     

A model for compound action potentials and currents in a nerve bundle II: A sensitivity analysis of model parameters for the forward and inverse calculations

We present a detailed analysis of the sensitivity of simulated Compound Action Current (CAC) and Compound Action Potential (CAP) recordings to specific model parameters, including the Single Fiber Action Currents (SFACs) and Single Fiber Action Potentials (SFAPs) that represent the contributions of each axon in the nerve bundle. In the preceding paper, we described a general method for simulating CACs and CAPs. This method uses a volume conduction model that incorporates the effects of the nerve bundle and other anisotropic properties of the region of the bundle that surrounds an individual nerve axon. In this paper, we present a complete analysis of the effects of incorrectly assigned model parameters on the simulated CAC and CAP. We also investigate the effects of incorrectly assigned parameters, recording noise, and data smoothing on the Conduction Velocity Distributions (CVDs) predicted from the CAC and CAP. We find that the simulated CAC is less sensitive to most of the parameters than is the CAP.     

钩藤碱对蟾蜍坐骨神经动作电位和大鼠心电图的影响

钩藤碱对蟾蜍坐骨神经动作电位具剂量依赖性抑制作用，其半数有效浓度为49.2mmol／L，弱于奎尼丁。钩藤碱（2．5～25mg／kgiv）明显减慢大鼠心率，延长心电图P－R，Q－T间期及增宽QRS波，作用相似奎尼丁。     

碘杂环化合物IHC－72对心肌慢反应动作电位影响的浓度和时间依赖性

采用常规玻璃微电极技术研究３，６－二甲氨基－二苯骈碘杂环依地酸盐（ＩＨＣ－７２）对豚鼠右室乳头肌慢反应动作电位（ＳＡＰ）的影响。２．５４μｍｏｌ／ＬＩＨＣ－７２对ＳＡＰ各参数均无影响。２５．４，１０１．６μｍｏｌ／Ｌ　ＩＨＣ－７２对ＳＡＰ幅值（ＡＰＡ）的抑制率分别为７．４％、１９．３％，对０相最大上升速率（Ｖｍａｘ）的抑制率分别为２．５％、３９．１％（Ｐ均＜０．０５或０．０１）。１０１．６μｍｏｌ／ＬＩＨＣ－７２灌流５，１０，２０ｍｉｎ对ＡＰＡ的抑制率分别为３．３％、１０％和２１％，对Ｖｍａｘ的抑制率分别为１５．２％、２２．９％和３８．３％（Ｐ均＜０．０１），故ＩＨＣ－７２对ＡＰＡ、Ｖｍａｘ的抑制具有浓度和时间依赖性。ＩＨＣ－７２还能缩短ＳＡＰ复极５０％、１００％的时程（ＡＰＤ５０、ＡＰＤ１００），相对延长其有效不应期（ＥＲＰ）；而对静息膜电位（ＲＭＰ）无明显影响。１０１．６μｍｏｌ／ＬＩＨＣ－７２对ＳＡＰ的抑制与５μｍｏｌ／ＬＶｅｒａｐａｍｉｌ效应相当。结果揭示ＩＨＣ－７２具有钙拮抗作用。     

蟾蜍背根神经节胞体动作电位离子成份的分析

在蟾蜍离体背根神经节标本上，用标准微电极方法，通过改变胞外离子成份及浓度，结合应用离子通道阻滞剂，分析胞体动作电位各离子成份。结果表明：５μｍｏｌ／Ｌ河豚毒灌流６ｍｉｎ后，动作电位幅值及去极相斜率均明显减小；无Ｃａ（２＋）（０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）和高Ｃａ（２＋）（１０、２０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）液灌流１５ｍｉｎ后，动作电位时程（ＡＰＤ）分别较对照值减小和增大；无Ｋ＋（Ｏｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）和高Ｋ＋（６ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）液灌流１５ｍｉｎ后，ＡＰＤ的改变与上述相同；２ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＭｎ（２＋）和１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ四乙胺亦可分别使ＡＰＤ较对照值减小和增大。实验表明胞外Ｃａ（２＋）的改变与ＡＰＤ值的大小呈线性关系。     

Actions of peroxovanadate or tungstate on glucose transport by isolated rat adipocytes

The effects of peroxovanadate or tungstate on 3-O-methylglucose uptake were characterized using isolated rat adipocytes to elucidate the mechanism(s) of their actions. The stimulatory effect of peroxovanadate was observed from 1 μmol/L and reached the maximum at about 100 μmol/L. The concentration showing the half-maximal effect was approximately 16 μmol/L. The maximal response of peroxovanadate was 1.19 times higher than that of insulin significantly (P < 0.01). On the other hand, the stimulatory effect of tungstate was seen only at the higher concentrations of 10–30 mmol/L Judging from the experiments using different tungsten compounds, tungstic acid (WO₄^2-) appeared responsible for the effect. The effects of 20 mmol/L tungstate and 20 nmol/L insulin were not additive. The stimulatory effects of 1 mmol/L peroxovanadate, 20 mmol/L tungstate or 20 nmol/L insulin were not seen in the adipocytes deprived of ATP by exposure to 2 mmol/L KCN. The adipocytes which had been stimulated with insulin and further exposed to 2 mmol/L KCN were used to test whether or not peroxovanadate works directly on the function of glucose transporters. In such cells on which GLUT4-rich transporters were rendered immobile, the effect of peroxovanadate was not observed. These results indicate that the effects of peroxovanadate or tungstate are ATP or energy dependent and may be exerted through the mechanism analogous to that of insulin action, and suggest that peroxovanadate does not directly activate the function of GLUT4.     

生物频谱对蟾蜍坐骨神经动作电位和传导速度的影响

本文采用电生理学方法通过坐骨神经损伤模型,测量蟾蜍离体坐骨神经干的动作电位和传导速度,观察生物频谱对外周神经功能的影响。结果显示频谱可部分恢复塘蜍损伤神经的动作电位和传导速度。频谱照射组与对照组比较有统计学差异(P<0.05)。     

吸毒者性行为特点与HBV、HCV重叠感染关系的研究

目的　了解吸毒者性行为特点与 HBV、HCV重叠感染的关系。　方法　采用现况调查的方法 ,随机抽取某男性戒毒所和某女性戒毒所中的吸毒者 ,用问卷方式调查吸毒者的性行为特点 ,并用 EL ISA法测定其血清中 HBV表面抗原和 HCV抗体 ,用 SPSS10 .0进行数据统计分析。　结果　吸毒者 HBV、HCV总的重叠感染率为 2 1.2 4 % ,男性、女性重叠感染率分别为 2 9.6 4 % (134/ 2 5 2 )和 9.37% (30 / 32 0 ) ,差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 1)。不同数量的性伙伴重叠感染率差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 5 )。　结论　男性、女性的重叠感染率与性行为无关 ,男性重叠感染高于女性 ,男、女性重叠感染率与性伙伴数量有关 ,数量越多 ,感染率越高。使用安全套可以降低重叠感染率 (P<0 .0 1) ,安全套对女性的保护作用大于对男性的保护作用 (P<0 .0 1)。