《中国妇幼健康研究》2011至2013年载文的计量学分析

根据文献计量学的方法,对《中国妇幼健康研究》2011至2013年编发论文情况进行统计分析.分析载文量、栏目构成、第1作者年龄、学历及职称、第1作者研究方向、引文类型、基金项目资助等情况,以期了解期刊的刊文趋势和发展方向,为保证该刊学术质量及进一步提高刊物的整体质量提供参考.     

Functional organization and connectivity of the dorsal column nuclei complex reveals a sensorimotor integration and distribution hub

The dorsal column nuclei complex (DCN‐complex) includes the dorsal column nuclei (DCN, referring to the gracile and cuneate nuclei collectively), external cuneate, X, and Z nuclei, and the median accessory nucleus. The DCN are organized by both somatotopy and modality, and have a diverse range of afferent inputs and projection targets. The functional organization and connectivity of the DCN implicate them in a variety of sensorimotor functions, beyond their commonly accepted role in processing and transmitting somatosensory information to the thalamus, yet this is largely underappreciated in the literature. To consolidate insights into their sensorimotor functions, this review examines the morphology, organization, and connectivity of the DCN and their associated nuclei. First, we briefly discuss the receptors, afferent fibers, and pathways involved in conveying tactile and proprioceptive information to the DCN. Next, we review the modality and somatotopic arrangements of the remaining constituents of the DCN‐complex. Finally, we examine and discuss the functional implications of the myriad of DCN‐complex projection targets throughout the diencephalon, midbrain, and hindbrain, in addition to their modulatory inputs from the cortex. The organization and connectivity of the DCN‐complex suggest that these nuclei should be considered a complex integration and distribution hub for sensorimotor information.     

Noninvasive measurement of sensory action currents in the cervical cord by magnetospinography

ObjectiveTo obtain magnetic recordings of electrical activities in the cervical cord and visualize sensory action currents of the dorsal column, intervertebral foramen, and dorsal horn.MethodsNeuromagnetic fields were measured at the neck surface upon median nerve stimulation at the wrist using a magnetospinography system with high-sensitivity superconducting quantum interference device sensors. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were also recorded. Evoked electrical currents were reconstructed by recursive null-steering beamformer and superimposed on cervical X-ray images.ResultsEstimated electrical currents perpendicular to the cervical cord ascended sequentially. Their peak latency at C5 and N11 peak latency of SEP were well-correlated in all 16 participants (r = 0.94, p < 0.0001). Trailing axonal currents in the intervertebral foramens were estimated in 10 participants. Estimated dorsal–ventral electrical currents were obtained within the spinal canal at C5. Current density peak latency significantly correlated with cervical N13–P13 peak latency of SEPs in 13 participants (r = 0.97, p < 0.0001).ConclusionsMagnetospinography shows excellent spatial and temporal resolution after median nerve stimulation and can identify the spinal root entry level, calculate the dorsal column conduction velocity, and analyze segmental dorsal horn activity.SignificanceThis approach is useful for functional electrophysiological diagnosis of somatosensory pathways.     

香叶木素固体脂质纳米粒的制备及质量评价

目的 制备香叶木素固体脂质纳米粒并对其进行质量评价。方法 采用溶剂注入法制备香叶木素固体脂质纳米粒,用 Box-Benhnken效应面法优化处方,并通过包封率、微观形态、粒径分布和Zeta电位对香叶木素固体脂质纳米粒的质量进行评价。 结果 香叶木素固体脂质纳米粒最优处方组成：表面活性剂浓度3.39%,棕榈酸浓度0.116%,脂药质比为21:100,制备的香叶木素 固体脂质纳米粒外观澄清透明,带淡蓝色乳光;平均粒径为(91.73±3.18)nm(n=3),PDI为0.228,电位为(-11.46±0.74)mV(n=3);包 封率为95.13%,载药量为9.04%;透射电镜照片显示纳米粒大小均一,呈球形或类球形。 结论 该处方可用于香叶木素固体脂 质纳米粒的制备,工艺简单,稳定可行。     

Column selection approach for related substances determination of progesterone by high‐performance liquid chromatography

In this study, HPLC‐MS/MS with triple‐quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer was used to analyze the base‐catalyzed thermal degradation derivative of progesterone in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The full‐scan spectrometry revealed that the degradation product was an isomer of progesterone, it was proposed as impurity M ((17α)‐pregn‐4‐ene‐3,20‐dione) in European Pharmacopoeia, and both the derivative and progesterone were neutral molecules. Four kinds of chromatographic column characterization databases including PQRI database using Snyder/Dolan method, the USP chromatographic column database using the SRM 870 tests, the Tanaka/Euerby approach within the ACD program, and the Hoogmartens approach were compared. Combing the principles of column characterization databases with the system requirement of progesterone‐related substances testing, a suitable PQRI‐based method was finally set up for progesterone‐related substances detecting. Our results indicated that PQRI system of Snyder/Dolan method was the most suitable system for related substances detection of progesterone.     

Sex differences in circadian timing systems: Implications for disease

Virtually every eukaryotic cell has an endogenous circadian clock and a biological sex. These cell-based clocks have been conceptualized as oscillators whose phase can be reset by internal signals such as hormones, and external cues such as light. The present review highlights the inter-relationship between circadian clocks and sex differences. In mammals, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) serves as a master clock synchronizing the phase of clocks throughout the body. Gonadal steroid receptors are expressed in almost every site that receives direct SCN input. Here we review sex differences in the circadian timing system in the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis (HPG), the hypothalamic–adrenal–pituitary (HPA) axis, and sleep–arousal systems. We also point to ways in which disruption of circadian rhythms within these systems differs in the sexes and is associated with dysfunction and disease. Understanding sex differentiated circadian timing systems can lead to improved treatment strategies for these conditions.     

Reduction in nerve root compression by the nucleus pulposus after Feng's Spinal Manipulation

Ninety-four patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation were enrolled in this study. Of these, 48 were treated with Feng’s Spinal Manipulation, hot fomentation, and bed rest (treatment group). The remaining 46 patients were treated with hot fomentation and bed rest only (control group). After 3 weeks of treatment, clinical parameters including the angle of straight-leg raising, visual analogue scale pain score, and Japanese Orthopaedic Association score for low back pain were improved. The treatment group had significantly better improvement in scores than the control group. Magnetic resonance myelography three-dimensional reconstruction imaging of the vertebral canal demonstrated that filling of the compressed nerve root sleeve with cerebrospinal fluid increased significantly in the treatment group. The diameter of the nerve root sleeve was significantly larger in the treatment group than in the control group. However, the sagittal diameter index of the herniated nucleus pulposus and the angle between the nerve root sleeve and the thecal sac did not change significantly in either the treatment or control groups. The effectiveness of Feng’s Spinal Manipulation for the treatment of symptoms associated with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation may be attributable to the relief of nerve root compression, without affecting the herniated nucleus pulposus or changing the morphology or position of the nerve root.     

Ontogeny of the Vertebral Column of Eleutherodactylus johnstonei (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae) Reveals Heterochronies Relative to Metamorphic Frogs

Over the last century, the morphogenesis of the vertebral column has been considered as a highly conserved process among anurans. This statement is based on the study of few metamorphic taxa, ignoring the role of developmental mechanisms underlying the evolution of specialized life‐histories. Direct development in anurans has been regarded as evolutionarily derived and involves developmental recapitulation and repatterning at different levels in all amphibian taxa studied so far. Herein, we analyze the vertebral column morphogenesis of the direct‐developing frog Eleutherodactylus johnstonei, describing the sequence of chondrification and ossification, based on cleared and double‐stained specimens from early stage embryos to adults. In general, our results show that the morphogenesis of the vertebral column in E. johnstonei recapitulates the ancestral tadpole‐like pattern of development. However, the analysis of the sequence of events using heterochrony plots shows important heterocronies relative to metamorphic species, such as a delay in the chondrification of the vertebral centra and in osteogenesis. These ontogenetic peculiarities may represent derived traits in direct‐developing frogs and are possibly correlated with its unusual life history. In addition, several features of the vertebral column of E. johnstonei are highly variable from its typical morphology. We report some malformations and small deviations, which do not seem to affect the survival of individuals. These anomalies have also been found in other frogs, and include many vertebral defects, such as vertebral fusion, and vertebral preclusion and/or induction. Anat Rec, 296:00000–#2013, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

后柱切除后伸压缩中柱矫治胸腰段骨质疏松性重度椎体压缩骨折伴后凸畸形

【摘要】 目的：评价后柱切除后伸压缩中柱矫治胸腰段骨质疏松性重度椎体压缩骨折伴后凸畸形的安全性和临床效果。方法：2009年7月～2012年1月经后入路行后柱切除后伸压缩中柱矫治胸腰段骨质疏松性重度椎体压缩骨折伴后凸畸形患者14例,男2例,女12例;年龄62～81岁,平均68岁。骨折均位于T11～L2,其中单椎体骨折12例,两个椎体骨折2例;椎体高度压缩78.5%～92.4%,平均82.5%。后凸畸形的顶椎均位于胸腰段,其中L1 7例,T12 5例,L2 2例。后凸畸形Cobb角39°～59°,平均45°;脊柱矢状位C7铅垂线偏移距离为0.4～2.8cm,平均1.6cm;腰椎前凸41°～62°,平均58.4°,9例出现腰椎前凸代偿性加大。均有腰背部疼痛及疲劳感,疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）8.5分（7.5～9分）。神经功能按Frankel分级：E级12例,D级2例。其中10例采用注射型聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥强化钉道。结果：手术时间187～221min,平均190min;术中出血量372～463ml,平均420ml。1例术中硬脊膜破裂,予以修补,术后未发生脑脊液漏。术后胸腰椎后凸Cobb角0°～9°,平均5°,平均矫正率达88.9%;矢状位C7铅垂线偏移距离0～0.8cm,平均0.3cm;腰椎前凸角28°～43°,平均37°。随访12～33个月,平均21个月。末次随访时,胸腰椎后凸Cobb角0～11°,平均7°;矢状位C7铅垂线偏移距离为0～1.2cm,平均0.4cm;腰椎前凸29°～45°,平均39°;神经功能按Frankel分级均为E级;腰背疼痛消失11例,明显缓解3例,VAS为1.9（0~3.5）分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;均植骨融合及骨折愈合良好,内固定无松动及拔出,固定邻近节段无继发骨折。结论：后柱切除后伸压缩中柱矫治胸腰段骨质疏松性重度椎体压缩骨折伴后凸畸形,与经椎弓根截骨术比较手术操作简单、创伤小。当骨质疏松性重度椎体压缩骨折伴后凸难以施行椎体成形术时,此技术是一种安全有效的补充方法。     

关节镜技术和三柱锁定钢板固定治疗胫骨平台骨折

目的探讨关节镜技术和三柱锁定钢板治疗胫骨平台骨折的临床效果。方法采用关节镜技术和三柱锁定钢板固定治疗51例胫骨平台骨折,SehatzkerI～Ⅲ型35例,Ⅳ一Ⅵ型16例;其中,胫骨髁间嵴骨折并前交叉韧带损伤8例,后交叉韧带止点撕脱骨折8例,半月板损伤5例。结果本组随访12～24个月,平均13．6个月。膝关节功能参照Rasmussen评分：优24例,良20例,可6例,差1例,优良率达86．3％。无切口坏死,无固定失败及骨外露发生。有1例伤口感染。结论采用关节镜技术和三柱锁定钢板固定各种胫骨平台骨折是一种可靠方法。