实验性衰老大鼠下颌下腺表皮生长因子及其mRNA的表达

目的 观察表皮生长因子(EGF)及EGFmRNA在实验性衰老大鼠下颌下腺中的表达变化.方法 选用Sprague-Dawley (SD)大鼠建立D-半乳糖亚急性衰老模型,通过观察大鼠外观特征及血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷光甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、以及丙二醛(MDA)以确定建模成功.取正常大鼠下颌下腺为对照组,用免疫组化及原位杂交法检测其下颌下腺EGF、EGFmRNA的阳性表达.结果 下颌下腺EGF阳性反应颗粒为浅棕色至深褐色,主要分布于颗粒曲管(GCT)细胞及纹状管细胞顶部胞质中,腺泡细胞为阴性.且同一导管内不同细胞的反应程度不同,有的细胞内颗粒清晰,着色深,有的着色浅.下颌下腺EGFmRNA杂交反应产物呈浅棕色或深褐色,主要分布于颗粒曲管和纹状管上皮细胞中,其上皮基底部胞质呈强阳性,细胞顶部呈弱阳性,腺泡未见阳性反应.正常组EGF、EGFmRNA表达明显高于模型组(P＜0.01).结论 EGF、EGFmRNA在实验性衰老大鼠下颌下腺表达较正常大鼠明显减少,结果证实衰老可明显影响大鼠下颌下腺分泌生物活性物质EGF的功能,其影响的环节在基因转录水平.     

火针洞式烙口联合提脓药捻引流技术治疗乳腺脓肿的疗效评价

目的：观察火针洞式烙口联合提脓药捻引流技术治疗乳腺脓肿的临床疗效。方法：将60例乳腺脓肿患者随机分成治疗组和对照组,治疗组采用火针洞式烙口联合提脓药捻引流技术,对照组采用传统手术引流。比较两组的治疗效果并观察两组换药次数、切口愈合时间、术后瘢痕面积、术后乳房美观等指标。结果：治疗组换药次数、切口愈合时间、术后瘢痕面积均低于对照组（P〈0.01）。治疗组无一例乳房外观改变及乳头歪斜,对照组乳房外观改变和乳头歪斜各3例。治疗组术后乳房美观明显优于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论：火针洞式烙口联合提脓药捻引流技术治疗乳腺脓肿可以减少换药次数,缩短愈合时间,提高术后美观,保护乳房功能,是治疗乳腺脓肿较为理想的方法。     

一次性根治术并配合中药坐浴治疗肛周脓肿81例临床观察

目的：探讨治疗肛周脓肿的有效方法。方法：81例患者均采用一次性根治术并配合中药坐浴的治疗方法。结果：一期愈合80例,需二次手术1例。肛门括约肌功能良好,无肛门畸形,无肛门失禁。结论：一次性根治术并配合中药坐浴治疗肛周脓肿,疗效好,无并发症和后遗症,使患者避免二次甚至多次手术痛苦,并可以缩短病程。     

A case of intracranial vasospasm in a patient with extensive retropharyngeal cellulitis

Retropharyngeal cellulitis/abscesses are deep neck infections that may become life-threatening if airway compromise occurs. This condition is more common in children than in adults, and associated intracranial vessel narrowing has been reported. We report an adult patient with extensive retropharyngeal cellulitis and intracranial vasospasm. The patient was a 62-year-old woman who presented with fever, sore throat, and neck pain. She also had uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Leukocytosis, prolonged erythrocyte sedimentation rate, elevated C-reactive protein, and hyperglycemia were present on admission. Computed tomography and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging revealed severe swelling in the nasopharyngeal, retropharyngeal, prevertebral, and bilateral carotid spaces. Gadolinium enhancement extended to the middle cranial fossa and visceral space. Multiple stenoses in several intracranial vessels was also identified. Intravenous antibiotic therapy was initiated, the patient''s symptoms resolved, and repeat imaging confirmed improvement. Intracranial vasospasm should be considered in patients with retropharyngeal cellulitis.     

RPMI1640,DMEM及不同生长因子对大鼠颌下腺细胞生长作用的观察

目的　观察RPMI 16 4 0、DMEM及不同生长因子对大鼠颌下腺细胞增殖能力的影响 ,探讨最有利于大鼠颌下腺细胞的培养方法。方法　在RPMI 16 4 0或DMEM培养基中分别加入一定浓度的FBS(胎牛血清 )、EGF(表皮生长因子 )、HC(氢化可地松 )、INS(胰岛素 ) ,观察纤维细胞和腺细胞在不同培养基中的增殖能力。结果　在含5 %FBS、10ng/mlEGF、5 μg/mlHC、5 μg/mlINS的DMEM培养基中 ,上皮细胞生长良好 ,在只含血清的RPMI 16 4 0培养基中 ,纤维细胞生长旺盛 ,上皮样细胞生长不良 ,在不含血清的培养基中所有细胞均生长缓慢。结论　含有 5 %血清、10ng/mlEGF、5 μg/mlHC及 5 μg/mlINS的DMEM培养基最适合鼠涎腺上皮样细胞的生长     

下颌下腺脱细胞基质的制备及其胶原成分观察

目的:制备天然的下颌下腺脱细胞基质材料,观察脱细胞后下颌下腺的组织结构,并对其成分进行分析。方法:采用化学除垢剂法对SD大鼠的下颌下腺进行脱细胞处理,通过组织学及免疫组织化学对脱细胞基质材料进行观察及检测。结果:光镜下见下颌下腺细胞消失,基质成分呈筛网状。免疫组织化学证实,在SD大鼠下颌下腺脱细胞前后的组织中,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型胶原均呈强阳性表达,而Ⅳ、Ⅴ型胶原呈弱阳性或阴性表达。结论:TritonX-100脱细胞处理的大鼠下颌下腺基质中,主要成分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白。     

涎腺内镜对慢性阻塞性涎腺炎的诊治价值

目的 评价涎腺内镜对慢性阻塞性涎腺炎的诊治价值。方法选择自2003年1月至6月到武汉大学口腔医学院涎腺专科门诊因涎腺区反复肿胀就诊的患者25例(34侧)行涎腺内镜术。其中腮腺19例27侧，颌下腺6例7侧；女性16例，男性9例；年龄17～77岁，平均年龄43．72岁。22例术前拍摄涎腺造影片，3例颌下腺结石病例术前加拍下颌横断咬合片。结果常规X线检查显示：颌下腺导管阳性结石3例；慢性阻塞性涎腺炎22例。x线片显示：腮腺、颌下腺主导管及部分分支导管不均匀增粗。涎腺内镜检查显示：①导管内有不同程度的纤维样物质，呈絮状、片状附着管壁；②导管存在程度不一的狭窄；③导管壁片状充血，部分可见点状、斑点状出血；④黏液栓、脓栓；⑤导管内腔变形呈不规则状，管壁向外突起形成憩室；⑥阳性、阴性结石。涎腺内镜术后，涎腺区肿胀、不适、疼痛感明显减轻，未发现明显并发症。结论涎腺内镜技术是一种安全、有效、微创的介入学方法。对慢性阻塞性涎腺炎的诊治具有重要价值。     

Immunohistochemical identification of antigen presenting cells in rat salivary glands

Mucosal dendritic cells affect immune responses through secretion of cytokines and exposure of na?ve B- and T-lymphocytes to foreign matter as antigen presenting cells (APCs). APC in oral tissues may play a role in the development of local and secretory immune responses [Crit. Rev. Oral Biol. Med. 7 (1996) 36]. Previous studies have shown that APC are present in the interstitial tissues of rat salivary glands [Arch. Oral Biol. 40 (1995) 1015]. This study sought to further define the distribution of APC in salivary glands. The major glands and ducts of male Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and prepared for immunofluorescence and pre- and post-embedding immunoelectron microscopy. Monoclonal antibodies to the dendritic cell marker Ia antigen (OX-6 antibody), monocyte lineage cytoplasmic antigen (ED-1), and resident tissue macrophage antigen (ED-2) were visualized with FITC-conjugated secondary antibodies for light microscopy and HRP- and gold-labelled secondary antibodies for electron microscopy. Light microscopy revealed numerous OX-6-positive cells with branching processes in the epithelium of striated and excretory ducts of both rat strains, as well as in the connective tissue stroma. ED-1-positive cells had a similar distribution but exhibited a more compact shape with fewer processes. ED-2-positive cells were found only in the connective tissue. Acinar and duct epithelial cells were unreactive. Electron microscopy confirmed that both OX-6-positive and ED-1-positive, non-epithelial cells were present within the duct epithelium. The presence of APC in the duct epithelium suggests that these ducts may be exposed to antigens, possibly by retrograde access from the oral cavity, and that APC located in the salivary gland epithelium may participate in local immune responses.     

Sialolith crystals localized intraglandularly and in the Wharton's duct of the human submandibular gland: an X-ray diffraction analysis

The exact cause of the formation of sialoliths is unknown. Detailed knowledge of pathogenesis of sialolithiasis and composition of sialoliths is necessary to define new therapeutic procedures. The crystalline components of 23 sialoliths of human submandibular gland were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction analysis. All of the sialoliths localized in the ducts in the submandibular gland consisted of hydroxylapatite. However, in the sialoliths in the Wharton's duct, hydroxylapatite as well as whitlockite and brushite could be found in all except one case. Whitlockite was observed more often in the nucleus of the sialoliths and it was a common co-phase along with hydroxylapatite. The nucleus in one sialolith consisted of brushite and the cortex showed a co-phase of hydroxylapatite and brushite. The occurrence of whitlockite in the sialoliths in Wharton's duct may be due to a higher concentration of calcium and phosphate in saliva in this duct.     

体外培养大鼠颌下腺细胞的生物学特性研究

目的 :研究体外培养颌下腺细胞生物学特性。方法 :应用胰酶消化法进行颌下腺细胞的分离纯化 ,然后进行颌下腺细胞原代和传代培养。绘制培养细胞的生长曲线 ;MTT法检测培养细胞活力大小。透射电镜 (TEM )观察结合免疫组化检测鉴定细胞来源及性质。结果 :整个颌下腺细胞生长期间为呈多样性的上皮细胞 ,细胞可传 4～ 5代 ,成活 3 0～ 40d。随培养时间延长 ,各组细胞数量都有不同程度的增加 ,比较培养 72h原代、第 2代与第 4代细胞吸光度值 ,原代、第 2代与第 4代相比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。超微结构观察及免疫组化染色培养细胞表现为腺上皮细胞的特征。结论 :原代和传代培养第 1代、第 2代颌下腺细胞活性较强 ,可在进一步的实验得以应用