血清食物特异性IgG与慢性荨麻疹相关性研究

目的探讨慢性荨麻疹发病与血清中食物特异性IgG抗体的关系。方法应用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测111例慢性荨麻疹患者（慢性荨麻疹组）血清中食物特异性IgG抗体水平,并与30例健康受试者（对照组）资料进行对比研究。结果111例慢性荨麻疹患者中,食物特异性IgG抗体阳性79例（阳性率为71．17％）,与对照组阳性率（43．33％）比较,差异有统计学意义（X2=8．071,P〈0．01）。且慢性荨麻疹组以鸡蛋特异性IgG抗体阳性率最高（51．35％）,其次是虾（43．24％）、牛奶（38．74％）、螃蟹（34．23％）、大豆（27．93％）,慢性荨麻疹组鸡蛋、虾、螃蟹、鳕鱼、大豆特异性IgG抗体阳性率与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论食物特异性IgG抗体与慢性荨麻疹发病具有相关性,血清食物特异性IgG水平检测对慢性荨麻疹的预防和治疗具有重要意义。     

Fucoidan Promotes the Reconstruction of Skin Equivalents

In this study we investigated the effects of fucoidan on the proliferation of fibroblasts and the reconstruction of a skin equivalent (SE). Fucoidan significantly stimulated the proliferation of CCD-25Sk human fibroblasts and Western blot analysis demonstrated that fucoidan markedly increased the expression of cyclin D1 and decreased the expression of p27. Fucoidan was used to reconstruct SE. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the addition of fucoidan to dermal equivalents increased expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p63. In addition, expression of α6-integrin was significantly increased by fucoidan, whereas expression of β1-integrin, type 1 collagen, elastin, fibronectin did not markedly change. These results suggest that fucoidan has positive effects on epidermal reconstruction and will therefore be beneficial in the reconstruction of SE.     

Evaluation of the protective effect of Ilex paraguariensis and Camellia sinensis extracts on the prevention of oxidative damage caused by ultraviolet radiation

We evaluated the effects green and mate teas on oxidative and DNA damages in rats exposed to ultraviolet radiation. Were utilized 70 adult male Wistar rats that received daily oral or topic green or mate tea treatment during exposed to radiation by seven days. After, animals were killed by decapitation. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive species levels, protein oxidative damage were evaluated in skin and DNA damage in blood. Our results show that the rats exposed to ultraviolet radiation presented DNA damage in blood and increased protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation in skin. Oral and topic treatment with green tea and mate tea prevented lipid peroxidation, both treatments with mate tea also prevented DNA damage. However, only topic treatment with green tea and mate tea prevented increases in protein carbonylation. Our findings contribute to elucidate the beneficial effects of green tea and mate tea, here in demonstrated by the antioxidant and antigenotoxic properties presented by these teas.     

稳定性二氧化氯喷雾剂对家兔皮肤的刺激性实验

目的考察稳定性二氧化氯喷雾剂局部经皮给药的安全性。方法将健康家兔背部两侧对称脱毛3 cm×3 cm后,每次给予二氧化氯喷雾剂0.5 ml,对其完整皮肤和破损皮肤分别进行单次给药及多次给药的皮肤刺激性试验。结果该喷雾剂对于家兔完整皮肤和破损皮肤单次给药及多次给药后于1、24、48、72 h观察均无红肿或斑块出现。结论本试验条件下二氧化氯喷雾剂局部经皮给药无明显不良反应,表明安全性良好。为二氧化氯喷雾剂用于临床经皮给药提供可靠的试验依据和安全保障,为临床经皮给药提供一种新的二氧化氯新剂型。     

低钙腹透液和碳酸钙治疗腹透患者皮肤瘙痒疗效观察

目的：评价低钙腹透液和含钙的磷结合剂（碳酸钙）治疗对腹膜透析患者甲状旁腺激素及皮肤瘙痒发病率的影响。探讨纠正腹膜透析患者继发性骨病治疗的新方法。方法：将60例腹膜透析合并皮肤瘙痒患者按照随机原则分为治疗组30例及对照组30例,治疗组使用低钙腹透液（钙浓度1.25mmol/L）和碳酸钙治疗,对照组使用普通钙浓度腹透液（钙浓度1.75mmol/L）治疗,不使用磷结合剂。治疗时间6个月,在实验前和结束后分别测定患者甲状旁腺激素及C反应蛋白激素水平、皮肤瘙痒发病率,评价治疗效果。结果：使用低钙腹透液和碳酸钙治疗6月后,甲状旁腺激素与治疗前后浓度变化有显著性差异（P＜0.05）,超敏C反应蛋白浓度变化无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。治疗前后皮肤瘙痒发病率有显著性差异（P＜0.05）,对照组患者上述三种指标变化均无显著性差异。结论：低钙腹透液和碳酸钙治疗6月后可以降低甲状旁腺激素浓度水平,可以缓解皮肤瘙痒发病率。     

The effect of platelet-rich plasma on osteochondral defects treated with mosaicplasty

Purpose

This study investigated the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on articular surfaces on which the mosaicplasty technique was performed. Our hypothesis was that PRP can accelerate the osseointegration process and enhance the quality of articular integrity after the mosaicplasty procedure.

Methods

Standard defects were created in the femoral groove of both patellofemoral joints of 12 New Zealand rabbits. PRP solution was placed inside the defect before fixation of the osteochondral autografts and injected inside the involved joint after capsular closure of the tested knees. The contralateral knees served as the control sides. The animals were euthanized three or six weeks after mosaicplasty, and both limbs were assessed according to Pineda’s histological grading scale. Significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05 a priori, and the Mann–Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis.

Results

Histologic findings at the interface between the transferred autograft and the original cartilage revealed better integration of the adjacent surfaces in the mosaicplasty with PRP group three weeks after the procedure; the difference was significant (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference in the transition zone was observed between the groups six weeks after the experiment (p = 0.59).

Conclusions

Our animal model showed that adjunctive use of PRP produced a better healing response and resulted in superior histological scores after three weeks compared with the mosaicplasty-only procedure. Interpretation of our results is important in terms of rapid return to previous activity levels. Thus, application of PRP can represent a valid therapeutic option for improving the efficacy of mosaicplasty by stimulating the local healing response.     

Clinical application and viability of cryopreserved cadaveric skin allografts in severe burn: A retrospective analysis

Introduction

Cadaveric cutaneous allografts are used in burns surgery both as a temporary bio-dressing and occasionally as definitive management of partial thickness burns. Nonetheless, limitations in the understanding of the biology of these grafts have meant that their role in burns surgery continues to be controversial.

Methods

A review of all patients suffering 20% or greater total body surface area (TBSA) burns over an eight year period that received cadaveric allografts were identified. To investigate whether tissue viability plays a role in engraftment success, five samples of cryopreserved cadaveric cutaneous allograft processed at the Donor Tissue Bank of Victoria (DTBV) were submitted to our laboratory for viability analysis using two methods of Trypan Blue Exclusion and tetrazolium salt (MTT) assays.

Results

During the study period, 36 patients received cadaveric allograft at our institution. The average total burn surface area (TBSA) for this group of patients was 40% and all patients received cadaveric skin as a temporizing measure prior to definitive grafting. Cadaveric allograft was used in complicated cases such as wound contamination, where synthetic dressings had failed. Viability tests showed fewer than 30% viability in processed allografts when compared to fresh skin following the thawing process. However, the skin structure in the frozen allografts was histologically well preserved.

Conclusion

Cryopreserved cutaneous cadaveric allograft has a positive and definite role as an adjunct to conventional dressing and grafting where available, particularly in patients with large TBSA burns. The low viability of cryopreserved specimens processed at DTBV suggests that cell viability in cadaveric allograft may not be essential for its clinical function as a wound dressing or even as permanent dermal substitute.     

Moist dressing coverage supports proliferation and migration of transplanted skin micrografts in full-thickness porcine wounds

Transplantation of skin micrografts in a 1:100 ratio regenerate the epidermis of full-thickness wounds in pigs within 14 days in a wet environment. The aim of the current study was to combine micrografts and commercially available moist dressings. We hypothesized that micrografts regenerate the epidermis when covered with a moist dressing. 5 cm × 5 cm and 10 cm × 10 cm full-thickness wounds were created on the backs of pigs. Wounds were transplanted with 0.8 mm × 0.8 mm micrografts created from a split-thickness skin graft in a 1:100 ratio. 5 cm × 5 cm wounds were treated with wound chambers, moist dressings or dry gauze (non-transplanted control group). 10 cm × 10 cm wounds were compared to non-transplanted wounds, both covered with moist dressings. Reepithelialization was assessed in biopsies from day 10, 14 and 18 post-transplantation. 5 cm × 5 cm transplanted wounds covered with moist dressings showed 69.5 ± 20.6% reepithelialization by day 14 and 90.5 ± 10.4% by day 18, similar to wounds covered with a wound chamber (63.9 ± 16.7 and 86.2 ± 11.9%, respectively). 18 days post-transplantation, 10 cm × 10 cm transplanted wounds covered with moist dressings showed 66.1 ± 10.3% reepithelialization, whereas nontransplanted wounds covered with moist dressings were 40.6 ± 6.6% reepithelialized. We conclude that micrografts combined with clinically available moist dressings regenerate the epidermis of full-thickness wounds.     

External wire-frame fixation of digital skin grafts: A non-invasive alternative to the K-wire insertion method

Background and Aim

The current skin graft fixation methods for digits, including the Kirschner wire insertion technique, can be limited by inadequate or excessive fixation and complications such as infection or secondary injuries. Therefore, the external wire-frame fixation method was invented and used for skin grafting of digits. This study aimed to investigate external wire-frame fixation of digital skin grafts as a non-invasive alternative to the K-wire insertion method.

Methods

In 2005–2012, 15 patients with burn scar contractures on the hand digits received a skin graft that was then fixed with an external wire frame. The intra-operative time needed to make the wire frame, the postoperative time to frame and suture removal, the graft survival rate, the effect of contracture release and the complications were recorded.

Results

In all cases, the contracture release was 100%. The complete graft survival rate was 98.6%. Four patients had epithelial necrosis in <5% of the total area. There were no other complications such as pressure ulcer or hypoxia of fingers.

Conclusions

External wire-frame fixation is simple, minimally invasive and a custom-made technique for skin grafting of the fingers. It was designed for its potential benefits and the decreased risk it poses to patients with scar contractures on their fingers. It can be implemented in three phases of grafting, does not affect the epiphyseal line or subsequent finger growth and is suitable for children with multi-digit involvement.