Comparative study on the cardio-respiratory change during prostaglandin E1-induced hypotension in the patients in the supine and prone position

Prostaglandin E₁-induced hypotension (25% reduction from the preadministration level in mean arterial pressure) was applied to thirteen patients. Eight patients among them were operated in the supine position (group I) and other five in the prone position (group II). The maintenance dose of PGE₁ was considerably lower in group II than in group I (0.067µg·kg^–1·min^–1 vs. 0.119µg·kg^–1·min^–1). In group I, there was a significant increase in CI, with a significant decrease in SVRI and PVRI during PGE₁-induced hypotension. Such a high dose of PGE₁ (0.119µg·kg^–1·min^–1) was considered to have a direct dilating action on the systemic resistance bed as well as on the pulmonary vasculature. It was considered that the suppression of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction could be a mechanism to increase venous admixture during PGE₁-induced hypotension. In group II, there was no significant increase in CI, and no significant decrease in SVRI and PVRI. PGE₁-induced hypotension can be safely applied to the anesthetized patients, but we should be careful to apply it to the patients in the prone position, because lower dose of PGE₁ can induce severe hypotension, which is not accompanied by the increase in CI as occures in the patients in the supine position.(Hirose M, Yoda K, Sakai K, et al.: Comparative Study on the cardio-respiratory change during prostaglandin E₁-induced hypotention in the patients in the supine and prone position. J Anesth 5: 30–35, 1991)     

The ONG capsular lens,report of 100 implantations

This Capsular Lens (ONG, type IV, to be called O.C.L.) has been developed for routinely performed extracapsular cataract extraction with lens implantation. The fundamental surgical procedure was based on continuing experience with the bimanual aspiration-irrigation technique and system developed by the author in 1971. The biomechanical properties of the asymmetric partly flexible, haptic loops are designed to give tensionfree fixation in two capsular pockets. The plano-anterior position of the lens ensures well-defined irido-lenticular clearance and proper alignment of the convex side with the posterior capsule. Consequently no iridectomy or iridotomy is needed for proper aqueous flow.     

Circadian system response to night work in relation to the individual circadian phase position

Summary In 6 night nurses the daily course of body temperature and pulse rate was measured under strict resting conditions immediately after a 7 to 18-day period with night work as well as after a 10-day period of recovery under normal life conditions. Three of the subjects were morning types and three evening types according to the Horne-Östberg-Questionnaire as well as to the phase position of the body temperature cycle.In order to quantify the changes in amplitude, phase position, and frequency a flattening index, a circadian deformation index, and according to the calculated phase shift a corrected deformation index were used. While the evening types reacted with a flattening of their circadian amplitude and thus gained a greater tolerance, the morning types hyper reacted when exposed to the inverse life pattern, developing an increased amplitude and adding to the circadian deformation by ultradian periods. No significant differences could be detected in phase shift. Higher amounts of subjective complaints and deficit of sleep as well as differences in the additionally controlled vigilance functions demonstrated the lower tolerance of the morning types to night work.The discussion concerns the methological basis of a quantitative evaluation of disturbance of the circadian system, and shows off, that the greater tolerance of evening types to night work is based on a lower reagibility of the vegetative functions to changes in the outer environment.     

局部药代动力学的药物浓度时空方程初探

目的 建立局部植入给药的药物浓度时空方程。方法 将局部药物浓度时空方程构建为空间分布函数和时间分布函数(药物浓度经时方程)的积函数。并以加权平均及多元分析的数学手段予以证明及推导。结果 四维时空的局部植入给药的药物浓度时空方程的通式为：C(t，X，Y，Z)＝F(X，Y，Z)．C(t)，F(X，Y，Z)＝B0 B1X B2Y B3Z B4r3 B5r2 B6r,C(t)＝A1e^-Ket A2e^-Ket A3c^-Ket.。两维变量的简化的药物浓度时空方程为：C(t,ρ)＝F(ρ)．C(t)F(ρ)＝D0 D1ρ D2ρ2 D3ρ3，C(t)同上。结论 推导基本合理，并在初步的动物试验探索中得以验证。理论有较好科研价值，有助于揭示局部给药的药代动力学规律。     

风行水上 自然成文——简论《红楼梦》诗词曲在全书的地位和作用

《红楼梦》里的诗词曲“如辐辏毂” ,是全书的有机构成。它不仅是浑然天成的画卷 ,还拨动着人物心灵的琴弦。     

Permanent Postoperative Anosmia: A Serious Complication of Neurovascular Decompression in the Sitting Position

Summary  In posterior fossa surgery, the sitting position offers a number of advantages believed to outweigh complications such as air embolism and pneumatocephalus. For this reason, the sitting position is frequently used in neurovascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia. Two years ago we reported on a previously undescribed complication: permanent postoperative anosmia. Following the recent occurrence of a second case, we conducted a nationwide survey to determine the frequency of this complication. Permanent postoperative anosmia following surgical procedures in the sitting position has been observed in 3 other institutions. In addition, the survey revealed that only 40% of German neurosurgeons still favor the sitting position for surgery of the posterior cranial fossa.  Considering that permanent anosmia severely reduces quality of life, and that it can be avoided by using another position, the sitting position for surgical procedures in the posterior fossa should be restricted to special cases (e.g., brain stem tumors).     

气管导管位置检测仪的研制

利用Hall传感器设计了一个气管导管位置检测仪来快速检测气管导管的位置.气管插管时,Hall传感器探头固定在病人颈部皮肤上,顶端带有小磁铁的管芯随气管导管一起进入气管中,根据检测到的磁场强度的大小,测量出探头与磁铁间的距离,从而判断出气管导管的位置.经临床测试,该检测仪性能可靠,测量准确,可以用于教学及临床气管插管时气管导管的定位.     

小儿高脂血症危险因素的临床抽样调查

目的通过临床抽样调查，探讨与小儿高脂血症发病有关的危险因素，为小儿高脂血症的早期检测提供客观指标。 方法北京大学第一医院儿科等于2004年9月，调查并分析了962名北京市景山学校在校学生(5~19岁)的血脂浓度，其中采用酶法测定总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL C)及低密度脂蛋白(LDL C)等4项指标。采用坐高、腰围、上臂围、体重指数来反映身体肥胖程度，进一步分析了这些指标与血脂浓度的关系。 结果在962名学生中，共检出高脂血症患儿122例，总检出率为12.7%。高脂血症组的坐高、腰围、上臂围、体重指数4项指标明显高于正常组，2组间差异有显著性(P<0.05)；坐高、腰围、上臂围、体重指数等4项指标与甘油三酯均呈高度显著正相关(P<0.01)，与高密度脂蛋白均呈高度显著负相关(P<0.01)。 结论正常组与高脂血症组的坐高、腰围、上臂围、体重指数4项指标差异均有显著性；坐高、腰围、上臂围、体重指数均是影响甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白浓度的危险因素。     

一种新型颈椎椎弓根置钉定位器的研制

介绍一种可三维调节的颈椎椎弓根置钉定位器,该装置作为钻模应用于颈椎椎弓根的钻孔定位,实现个体化置钉。给出了设计原理、使用方法,推导出椎弓根术前影像学数据与定位器钻套调整角的关系,并编制了计算应用软件。进行了功能评价和误差分析。     

反垄断法中滥用市场支配地位的界定

判断企业是否滥用其优势地位应从质和量两个方面进行界定 ,把优势地位的构成和支配地位企业滥用行为的内在性质及表现统一起来 ,从而保证市场竞争公平有序进行。