血清尿酸与我国2型糖尿病患者视网膜病变的相关性研究

目的 探讨血清尿酸（SUA）与我国T2DM患者DR的关系. 方法 采用四分位法将T2DM患者SUA水平分为4组,眼底镜诊断有无DR.采用Logistic多元回归分析SUA与DR发病率的关系. 结果 SUA＞ 212 μmol/L后即为DR危险因素.随着SUA升高（212～288、289～335、≥366μmol/L）,影响程度增加,OR（95％CI）值分别为3.85（1.98～6.84）、5.12（2.25～8.10）、5.71（2.99～8.87）. 结论 SUA是DR的危险因素,降低SUA水平应为其治疗的重要环节.     

Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Plaque in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment

Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) has been shown to predict cardiovascular (CV) risk in multiple large studies. Careful evaluation of CIMT studies reveals discrepancies in the comprehensiveness with which CIMT is assessed—the number of carotid segments evaluated (common carotid artery [CCA], internal carotid artery [ICA], or the carotid bulb), the type of measurements made (mean or maximum of single measurements, mean of the mean, or mean of the maximum for multiple measurements), the number of imaging angles used, whether plaques were included in the intima-media thickness (IMT) measurement, the report of adjusted or unadjusted models, risk association versus risk prediction, and the arbitrary cutoff points for CIMT and for plaque to predict risk. Measuring the far wall of the CCA was shown to be the least variable method for assessing IMT. However, meta-analyses suggest that CCA-IMT alone only minimally improves predictive power beyond traditional risk factors, whereas inclusion of the carotid bulb and ICA-IMT improves prediction of both cardiac risk and stroke risk. Carotid plaque appears to be a more powerful predictor of CV risk compared with CIMT alone. Quantitative measures of plaques such as plaque number, plaque thickness, plaque area, and 3-dimensional assessment of plaque volume appear to be progressively more sensitive in predicting CV risk than mere assessment of plaque presence. Limited data show that plaque characteristics including plaque vascularity may improve CV disease risk stratification further. IMT measurement at the CCA, carotid bulb, and ICA that allows inclusion of plaque in the IMT measurement or CCA-IMT measurement along with plaque assessment in all carotid segments is emerging as the focus of carotid artery ultrasound imaging for CV risk prediction.     

Difficulties in diagnosing acute kidney injury post liver transplantation using serum creatinine based diagnostic criteria

Renal function in patients with advanced cirrhosis is an important prognostic factor for survival both prior to and following liver transplantation. The importance of renal function is reflected by the introduction of the model for end stage liver disease(MELD) score, which includes serum creatinine. The MELD score has been shown to predict the short term risk of death for transplant wait listed patients and is currently used by many countries to allocate liver transplants on the basis of severity of underlying illness. Changes in serum creatinine are also used to stage acute kidney injury. However prior to liver transplantation the serum creatinine typically over estimates underlying renal function, particularly when a colorimetric Jaffe based assay is used, and paradoxically then under estimates renal function post liver transplantation, particularly when immunophyllins are started early as part of transplant immunosuppression. As acute kidney injury is defined by changes in serum creatinine, this potentially leads to over estimation of the incidence and severity of acute kidney injury in the immediate post-operative period.     

血脂控制水平与PCI术后再狭窄的相关性分析

目的分析血脂控制水平与经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后再狭窄的相关性。方法选取2016年3月-2018年3月我院收治的行PCI术的冠心病患者60例为研究对象,术后3个月行冠状动脉造影复查,根据有无再狭窄分为再狭窄组(n=28)和无狭窄组(n=32),比较两组一般资料、PCI前和PCI术后复查时的血脂水平,并对各影响因素进行相关性分析。结果再狭窄组的吸烟比例、糖尿病比例比无狭窄组更高;观察组复查时总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白水平均与PCI术前无明显差异(P均>0.05),而无狭窄组总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白水平比PCI术前显著降低,且低于PCI术后复查时再狭窄组,高密度脂蛋白较前明显升高,且高于PCI术后复查时再狭窄组(P均<0.05)。多因素分析显示,吸烟、合并糖尿病、PCI术后复查时总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白水平未下降,高密度脂蛋白未升高是PCI术后再狭窄的独立危险因素。结论 PCI术后总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白水平未下降,高密度脂蛋白未升高是PCI术后再狭窄的独立危险因素。     

妊娠期糖尿病患者血清miR-149水平与胰岛素抵抗的关系

【摘要】 目的 探讨妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）患者血清miR-149水平与胰岛素抵抗的关系。 方法 选取2017年1月~2018年8月陕西省人民医院收治的63例妊娠期糖尿病患者设为观察组,选择本院同期产检健康妊娠产妇63例设为对照组,用自动糖化血红蛋白检测仪测定糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）,用生化分析仪检测受试者餐前空腹血糖(FPG),用免疫测定分析仪检测血清空腹胰岛素（FINS）,计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA IR）=FPG×FINS/22.5。采用实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）法检测所有研究对象血清miR-149表达水平。用Pearson分析miR-149与血糖、胰岛素等指标的相关性。对影响胰岛素抵抗的相关因素进行Logistic回归分析。 结果 与对照组相比,观察组孕妇HOMA-IR、FPG、FINS、HbA1C水平、miR-149水平较高（P＜0.05）;Pearson法分析显示观察组孕妇血清miR-149水平与FPG、FINS、HOMA-IR呈正相关（P＜0.05）,与HbA1C无相关性（P＞0.05）;多因素Logistic回归分析显示血清miR-149水平升高是影响胰岛素抵抗的危险因素。 结论 妊娠期糖尿病患者血清miR-149水平上调,可能与妊娠期糖尿病孕妇胰岛素抵抗有关。     

血清PCT、CRP检测联合CT、X线对急性骨髓炎的诊断价值

目的探讨血清降钙素原(PCT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)检测联合CT、X线对急性骨髓炎的诊断价值。方法选取我院2015年1月~2019年1月期间收治的75例疑似急性骨髓炎患者为研究对象,比较急性骨髓炎患者与非急性骨髓炎患者血清中PCT、CRP水平,对比单独检测与联合检测的诊断结果。结果经过骨髓穿刺确诊急性骨髓炎48例,病变部位主要分布于股骨远端20例(41.67%)、胫骨近端15例(31.25%);急性骨髓炎患者血清中CRP、PCT水平高于对照组(P<0.05);受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析显示血清CRP、PCT、CT、X线联合检查与急性骨髓炎诊断相关的ROC曲线下方的面积大小(AUC)为0.90,高于CRP、PCT、CT、X线单独检测的0.58、0.63、0.64、0.70(P<0.05)。结论血清PCT、CRP检测联合CT、X线能有效提高急性骨髓炎的诊断价值。     

肾上腺节细胞神经瘤的CT表现及其血液动力学特征

目的探讨肾上腺节细胞神经瘤的CT表现及血液动力学特征。方法选择2014年3月-2 017年1月以肾上腺节细胞神经瘤患者25例作为对象,设为观察组。所有患者均经过手术病理组织检查最终确诊,手术前均经Light Speed VCT64层螺旋CT检查扫描仪检查,层厚0.625mm、螺距0.984mm,所有患者行CT平扫后随后30s、70s及3min动态增强扫描,分析肾上腺细胞神经瘤的CT表现;选择同期入院健康体检者50例,设为对照组。采用日本生产HSTECNM KN型血清自动分析仪测定两组肾上腺节神经瘤血液动力学水平,采用SPSS Pear son相关性分析软件对肾上腺节细胞神经瘤的CT检出率与血液动力学进行相关性分析。结果 25例肾上腺节细胞神经瘤患者均经过手术病理检查确诊,CT检查确诊24例,确诊率为96.00%(P>0.05);CT下12例表现为肾上腺区椭圆形,7例分叶状,6例不规则状,边界相对清楚,肿块直径大小为(2.4~9.3) cm。增强CT下10例呈轻度强化,其中延迟性强化4例,静脉期均匀或不均匀强化5例,1例不规则状肿瘤生长,向周围间隙延伸;观察组CVP、SVR水平,均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组CO、CI水平,均低于对照组(P <0.05);两组MAP水平差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);SPSS Pearson相关性分析结果表明:CT在肾上腺节细胞神经瘤检出率与CVP和SVR水平呈正相关性(P<0.05);CT在肾上腺节细胞神经瘤检出率与CO与CI水平呈负相关性(P<0.05)。结论将CT用于肾上腺节细胞神经瘤患者中能获得较高检出率,具有一定的特征性,且与血液动力学具有明显的相关性,能为临床诊疗提供影像学依据和参考。