绝经妇女激素替代治疗的困境与中医药治疗更年期综合征的前景

随着妇女平均寿命的延长，绝经后的问题日益受到全社会的广泛关注，旨在改善妇女生活质量的激素替代治疗(HRT)所引发的问题也不断涌现。2002年7月，美国国立卫生研究院心脏、肺和血液研究所宣布。妇女健康初始行动(WHI)在健康绝经后妇女中使用雌激素加孕激素的临床试验由于乳腺癌发病相对风险增加26％，且并无总体益处予以提前终止。在上述对HRT弊端新认识的背景下，中医中药面临着前所未有的走向世界的新契机。大量临床和实验研究证明，中医中药对更年期综合征引起的各种症状有较好的治疗效果，而且副作用少，因此中医辨证治疗有望替代或补充雌激素疗法对更年期综合征的治疗作用，最大限度地减少完全用雌激素替代治疗所引起的副作用。     

重症监护病房真菌耐药监测及与中医证型的关系

目的明确重症监护病房(ICU)侵袭性真菌感染的细菌病原学、耐药性及与中医证型的关系,指导临床经验性使用抗菌药物。方法对中国中医科学院广安门医院2006-03—2007-02ICU患者侵袭性感染真菌及其对抗细菌药物的耐药性进行回顾性调查。结果ICU真菌感染主要以念珠菌为主,念珠菌中以白色念珠菌为最多。真菌感染中医辨证以虚实夹杂证最常见,而又以气阴两虚、痰热互结为最多,实证以痰热内结为主。结论依据真菌病原学、抗菌药物敏感性结果及中医证型分布,有效选择中西医疗法,减少新的耐药株的出现,发挥中医优势。     

高等中医药院校食品化学课程教学改革探索

为适应具有中医药背景的创新型食品专业人才的培养，对食品化学课程的教学改革进行了探索。通过教学内容的调整与优化、教学方法的改进、理论知识的实际应用及实验教学的创新设计，进一步明确了教改方向，初步形成了食品化学教学的创新模式，为高等中医药院校食品相关专业本科生课程教学改革提供一条可以借鉴的思路。     

针刺对不同分型脑卒中神经功能缺损的疗效观察

目的探讨针刺治疗不同牛津郡社区脑卒中项目（OCSP）分型的脑卒中偏瘫患者的神经功能缺损的疗效。方法按照随机化和多中心的临床试验原则,根据OCSP分型将患者分为腔隙梗死组（LA-CI）、完全前循环梗死组（TACI）、部分前循环梗死组（PACI）和后循环梗死组（POCI）4种亚型,再将患者随机分成2组。2组均予对症治疗,并常规给予阿司匹林肠溶片、硫酸氯吡格雷片口服治疗。治疗组采用针刺治疗,对照组采用不完整针刺,2组均3个月为1个疗程,分别于治疗前及治疗1、3、6、12个月进行改良爱丁堡-斯堪的纳维亚量表（MESSS）评定。结果LAC I亚型治疗组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,PAC I、POC I亚型第3-12个月治疗组与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。TAC I第3个月、第6个月对照组与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。,第12个月治疗组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论针刺疗法对不同OCSP分型的脑卒中患者神经功能缺损的康复效果不同,对PAC、IPOC I亚型有明显促进作用。     

从彭勃治"暗瘀"说探索肝纤维化的中医论治

系统阐述了彭勃治"暗瘀"说的基本内涵,并以此学说为基础进一步提出了"肝纤维化期相当于暗瘀期"的新观点。并解决了肝纤维化的中医病名、病因病机、辨证论治等诸多难题,从而使肝纤维化的中医论治有了自身的系统的中医基础理论的支持和准确的切入点,并有望取得突破。     

Poststroke DNA immunization against neurite growth inhibitors is beneficial to the recovery from local cerebral ischemia in rats

BACKGROUND： Inhibitory signals, i.e. neurite growth inhibitors （NGIs）, presenting on central nervous system （CNS） myelin have been shown to play a crucial role in inhibiting lesioned axonal sprouting and leading to less functional recovery. Vaccines targeting NGIs may provide multifactorial protection against brain insults by overcoming the inhibitory effects of these NGIs and boosting the body＇s immune repair mechanisms. OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the effect of poststroke DNA immunization against NGIs on the rehabilitation for sensorimotor function of rat models of local cerebral ischemia. DESIGN： Completely randomized grouping design, and controlled experiment. SETTING： Brain Injury Research Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore. MATERIALS： Sixty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats ranging in age from 45 to 120 days and in weight from 180 to 250 grams were provided by Animal Center of Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore. pcDNA3.1（＋）-neurite growth inhibitors （pcDNA-NGIs） a gift was provided by Dr. Xiao from Department of Clinical Research, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore. METHODS： The experiment was carried out at Brain Injury Research Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore from August 2003 to April 2005. （1）The involved rats were randomized into 3 groups： pcDNA-NGIs group （group A）, pcDNA3.1 （＋） group （group B） and model group （group C）, with 20 rats in each group. Left focal cerebral ischemia （FCI） was permanently induced through middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） with the assistance of an operating microscope. Successful MCAO was determined by a 20% decrease to baseline in the ipsilateral cerebral blood flow. 100 μg of pcDNA-NGIs eluted in phosphate-buffered saline （PBS） was intramuscularly injected into the tibial muscle once a week after MCAO for 6 weeks in group A. As control, pcDNA3.1 （＋） was also administrated in the same way in group B and nothing was administrated in group C. （2） The modified neurological severity score （mNSS）, a composite of motor, sensory, reflex and balance tests, was used to test the sensorimotor deficit. The mNSS was graded on a scale of 0 - 18, i.e. normal score was 0, maximal deficit score was 18, and 1 point was warded for the inability to perform the tasks or the lack of a tested reflex. （3） The newly generated axons of corticorubral projection were traced by stereotaxic guided injection of 100 g/L biotinylated dextran amine. Rats were sacrificed two weeks after tracing, and cryostat coronal sections of midbrains （30μm） were reacted to BDA according to the manufacturer＇s instruction by the free-floating method. Images were captured on a DM RXA2 LEICA Microscope with a Spot Digital Camera system （Germany）, and the numbers of labeled axons on the denervated side in four standard coronal sections including the red nucleus were manually quantified. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： （1） The number of newly generated axons of corticorubral projection. （2）The improvement in sensorimotor deficit. RESULTS： All the involved 60 rats entered the stage of final analysis. （1） The number of newly generated axons of corticorubral projection of rats： Only ipsilateral axons of CRP were noted with little evidence of fibers crossing to the contralateral red nucleus in rats of groups B and C. More BDA-positive fibers crossing the midline and terminating in the contralateral red nucleus in appropriate target areas mirroring the non-differentiated red nucleus were found in rats of group A. Quantitative analysis showed that BDA-labeled axons in the denervated side of rats in group A were more than those in group B （P 〈 0.05）. （2） Improvement in sensorimotor deficit of rats： At 2 weeks after immunization, significant improvement in sensorimotor deficit was found in rats of group A. There were significant differences of improvement in sensorimotor deficit of rats between group A and group B or group C at 12 and 14 weeks after immunization （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： （1） Poststroke DNA immunization against NGIs leads to increased sensorimotor recovery following FCI and compensatory newly growth of axons from corticorubral projection.     

中医药治疗宫环出血临床疗效的Meta分析

目的:观察中医药治疗宫环出血的临床疗效。方法:应用Meta分析方法的随机效应模型,对国内1989~2006年采用中医药治疗宫环出血,并以西医治疗作对照的研究文献进行定量合并分析。结果:对中医治疗组与西医对照组临床有效率进行分析后表明,在临床疗效方面,中医治疗组427例患者中376例临床治疗有效,西医对照组347例患者中217例临床治疗有效。中医治疗组稳定率总优势比(OR)=4.65,95%置信区间(CL)为(3.20~6.75)。两者间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:据目前掌握的资料证明中医药治疗宫环出血的临床疗效确切。     

知识地图在中医药信息领域的应用设想

在“信息爆炸”的现代社会，信息数量的成倍增长为知识的利用与管理带来严峻的挑战。中医药在现代化过程中，数量庞大的古籍、数据、文献等的数字信息化同样面临如何利用、管理的问题。本文将展示一种高效、便捷、可视化的知识管理模式——知识地图，并就其如何在中医药信息领域合理应用与实践，提出了一些前期的思路与设想。     

中西医结合医院单病种的质量管理及其作用

针对中西医结合医院单病种质量评定没有现成的、规范的标准的现状,就中西医结合单病种的质量管理方法及其在中西医结合医院建设中的作用进行了论述。     

中医五色理论在现代色彩心理学及疗法中的佐证初探

[目的]探讨中医五色理论在现代色彩心理学及色彩疗法方面的证据。[方法]以中医五脏生理功能为线索,结合现代色彩心理学及色彩疗法,对中医五色理论在视觉刺激方面的应用加以探讨。[结果]现代色彩心理学理论以及色彩疗法,在很大程度上为中医五色理论在视觉刺激方面的应用提供了有力的证据。[结论]对根据中医理论辨证施以中医色彩疗法的探讨与研究具有相当的可行性与必要性。