基于超分子“印迹模板”理论探讨中药升降浮沉

在前期提出超分子化学对中药四性理论特殊影响的基础上,进一步分析中药升降浮沉的历史沿革、研究概况,并运用超分子"印迹模板"理论对中药"升降浮沉"理论进行解析,提出对中药"升降浮沉"的评价方法。人体与中药均是印迹模板印迹作用的聚集体,在印迹模板作用规律下,不同类型的中药成分与人体的靶点通过"锁-钥"关系以非共价键结合,中药客体超分子通过键的作用可纠正人体主体超分子在自识别、自组织、自组装、自复制过程时发生的寒热、气机失调。人体具备抵抗外界病邪侵袭的能力,有赖于其气机"升降出入"的正常;中药具有"升降浮沉"的性能并能祛除病疾,有赖于其能调整人体气机紊乱,或顺应气机、祛邪外出以增强机体免疫的能力。基于此,在分析中药"升降浮沉"药理作用的基础上,探究其物质基础,并建立中药"升降浮沉"的评价方法,通过超分子印迹模板理论对中药升降浮沉进行剖析,揭示其科学内涵,推动中药药性理论不断创新。     

Guided biopsy of osseous pathologies in the jaw bone using a 3D-printed,tooth-supported drilling template

Suspicious radiological findings in the jaw bone require histopathological examination for the confirmation of a diagnosis. As pathologies in this region are difficult to reach or are in close proximity to relevant anatomical structures, e.g. tooth roots or nerves, they often represent a challenge. Such factors may adversely affect the predictability of the surgical outcome of a biopsy of the osseous tissues. This technical note introduces a novel method for performing a digitally planned, guided biopsy. For this purpose, a cone beam computed tomography scan and an intraoral scan are superimposed using specific planning software. The resulting three-dimensionally printed, tooth-supported drilling template is designed for a trephine biopsy. It allows a precise, minimally invasive approach, with an exact three-dimensional determination of the biopsy location prior to surgery. The risk of devitalization of the neighbouring teeth or possible damage to the nerve structures can be minimized. Furthermore, a small access flap can be sufficient. In summary, the method of bone biopsy presented here allows high precision and greater predictability for biopsy sampling and is minimally invasive for the patient.     

Individualized 3D-printed templates for high-dose-rate interstitial multicathether brachytherapy in patients with breast cancer

Purpose

High-dose-rate, multicatheter interstitial brachytherapy is technically complex and operator-dependent, requiring lengthy training and specialized skills. Furthermore, until the advent of contouring on computerized tomography (CT) images, difficulties existed in locating the target volume precisely. The present article reports the results of a study that aimed at producing and validating a 3D-printed template to aid in target volume localization for multicatheter interstitial brachytherapy in patients with breast cancer.

基于3D软组织打印技术经皮穿刺中上胸椎椎弓根入路椎体成形术导向模板的初步研制

目的:观察数字化导向模板技术和3D软组织打印制作的个体化经皮穿刺中上胸椎椎弓根入路椎体成形术数字化导向模板的可行性。方法:回顾性选择20例中上胸椎骨折患者CT扫描数据。将数据输入3D打印机打印1∶1带软组织胸椎模型,并应用Mimics 15.0软件中3-matic模块设计中上胸椎体表椎弓根钉道及相应导向模板,3D打印机打印导向模板并固定带软组织胸椎模型后置入2.0 mm克氏针,CT扫描观察穿刺针的准确性,通过穿刺管注入骨水泥并用影像学进行验证,记录带软组织中上胸椎模型的打印时间、钉道设计及体表导向模板制作时间以及费用。结果:3D打印的一体化胸椎模型及数字化经皮穿刺中上胸椎椎弓根入路数字化导向模板能够满足中上胸椎经皮穿刺椎体成形术穿刺的要求,导板与皮肤表面贴合良好,骨水泥充盈良好。中上胸椎模型的打印时间及钉道设计、手术导向模板制作时间分别为(719.00±3.03) min,(12.30±1.01) min和(55.50±10.30) min,平均费用约为3 150元。结论:基于3D软组织打印技术的个性化经皮穿刺中上胸椎椎弓根导向模板可实现经皮穿刺的精确置入。     

一种新的T波终点定义方法及其在QT间期检测中的应用

T波终点识别是ECG信号QT间期检测中的关键技术。由于T波末端呈对数衰减及易受杂音叠加的影响,使得高精度的T波终点识别显得困难。定义T波末端衰减率至某一阈值δ的时刻为T波终点,并将此法应用于QT间期的自动检测。以T波顶点为标识,将其后的0.2 s数据叠加成一个平均信号φ(t),以函数φ^(t)=Aeαt拟合φ的末端,并利用最小二乘法确定其参数。将此φ函数作为模板去匹配心电图的T波可获得相应的A和α值,并通过微分运算得出T波终点的位置。利用此方法进行QT间期检测,显示出良好的准确性和鲁棒性。     

Development of template systems for ligand interactions of CYP3A5 and CYP3A7 and their distinctions from CYP3A4 template

Starting from established CYP3A4 Template (DMPK. 2019, and 2020), CYP3A5 and CYP3A7 Templates have been constructed to be reliable tools for verification of their distinct catalytic properties. A distinct occupancy was observed on CYP3A4-selective ligands, but not on the non-selective ligands, in simulation experiments. These ligands often invade into Bay-1 region during the migration from Entrance to Site of oxidation in simulation experiments. These results offered an idea of the distinct localization of Bay-1 residue on CYP3A5 Template, in which the Bay-1 residue stayed closely to Template border. The idea also accounted for the higher oxidation rates of CYP3A5, than of CYP3A4, of noscapine and schisantherin E through their enhanced sitting-stabilization. Typical CYP3A7 substrates such as zonisamide and retinoic acids took their placements without occupying a left side region of Template for their metabolisms. In turn, the occupancies of the left-side region were inevitably observed among poor ligands of CYP3A7. Altered extent of IJK-Interaction or localization of a specific residue at the left-side would thus explain distinct catalytic properties of CYP3A7 on Template. These data suggest the alteration of each one of Template region, from CYP3A4 Template, led to the distinct catalytic properties of CYP3A5 and CYP3A7 forms.