Presence of Myofibroblasts and Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in Ameloblastomas Correlate with Rupture of the Osseous Cortical

Myofibroblasts are frequent in the stroma of neoplasm and by the expression of proteinases they can influence tumor infiltration and progression. In the present study, presence of myofibroblasts and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) were examined in intra-osseous solid multicystic ameloblastomas to determine their roles in the clinicopathological features of the tumors. Fifty seven ameloblastomas were analyzed immunohistochemically with antibodies against the isoform α of the smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), a specific marker of myofibroblasts, MMP-2 and uPA. Myofibroblasts were found in the stroma, in close contact with neoplastic cell islands, of ~58% (n = 33) of the ameloblastomas. MMP-2 and uPA were found in the cytoplasm of both neoplastic and stromal cells. A significant correlation between presence of myofibroblasts and MMP-2 expression was observed. Abundant presence of myofibroblast in the stroma of the tumors and expression of MMP-2 in the neoplastic or stromal cells were significantly correlated with rupture of the osseous cortical, which has been considered an important prognostic marker of ameloblastoma aggressiveness. Ours results suggest that abundant presence of myofibroblasts and expression of MMP-2 in solid ameloblastomas may be associated with a more aggressive infiltrative behavior. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

肾安胶囊对5/6肾大部切除大鼠肾脏的保护作用

目的探讨肾安胶囊对肾大部切除大鼠肾脏功能的影响。方法将大鼠随机分为假手术组和手术组,术后3天再将手术组大鼠随机分为肾安胶囊组和Nx组。8周后测尿蛋白和血肌酐;取肾组织做病理检查;用免疫组织化学检查肌成纤维细胞标志抗原(α-平滑肌肌动蛋白α-SMA)。结果Nx组大鼠肾脏出现肾小球硬化和肾间质纤维化;和Sham组相比α-SMA表达明显升高;肾安胶囊组肾脏纤维化明显减轻(P<0.05),α-SMA表达比Nx组明显下降。结论肾安胶囊可抑制肌成纤维细胞增殖和浸润,减轻肾脏纤维化从而保护肾功能。     

Mesangial cell activation in the collagenofibrotic glomerulonephropathy

 Collagenofibrotic glomerulonephropathy is a new disease entity of unknown pathogenesis, which is characterized by the deposition of type III collagen within the mesangial matrix. We have investigated a case in which many mesangial cells in the type III collagen-deposited glomeruli were α-smooth muscle actin (ASMA) positive and showed an increase of subplasmalemmal filaments, indicating the activation and myofibroblastic transformation. It is suggested that the activated mesangial cells may synthesize the type III collagen deposited in the subendothelial space and mesangial matrix. Received: 28 January 1998 / Accepted: 23 March 1998     

良性胆管狭窄瘢痕中CD68、TGFβ1、α-SMA的表达

目的探讨良性胆管瘢痕性狭窄的形成机制。方法收集14例良性胆管瘢痕性狭窄的胆管瘢痕组织,用10例正常胆管作为对照,分别用光镜、SEM、TEM观察其形态学特点;用免疫组织化学SP法分别检测CD_(58)、TGFβ_1、α-SMA在两组中的表达及定位。结果胆管瘢痕存在以巨噬细胞(MΦ)为主的炎细胞持续浸润,缺血缺氧和MFB等特点。CD_(68)、TGFβ_1、α-SMA在胆管瘢痕中表达较强,与正常胆管有显著差异。CD_(68)主要表达于MΦ。α-SMA表达于MFB的胞浆、血管平滑肌组织、胆管平滑肌。胆管瘢痕中新生血管增多,部分管壁明显增厚。TGFβ_1主要表达于肉芽组织、FB、MΦ等炎细胞。结论胆管瘢痕中存在以MΦ为主的持续慢性炎症,MΦ通过分泌TGFβ_1导致胶原纤维过度沉积、改建不良和MFB的形成,引起胆管瘢痕性狭窄。胆管瘢痕的缺血可能是加剧良性胆管狭窄形成的重要原因。     

慢性马兜铃酸肾病大鼠肾小管上皮细胞转分化与肾间质纤维化的关系

目的：研究慢性马兜铃酸肾病（CAAN）人鼠肾小管上皮细胞-肌成纤维细胞转分化（TEMT）与肾间质纤维化之间关系。方法：雄性SD人鼠随机分为2组，每组12只。模型组予关木通浸膏水溶液灌胃制成CAAN模型，对照组予自来水灌胃。于第4周和第16周末分批处死人鼠，取肾组织切片做免疫组化Ⅰ型胶原（Col Ⅰ）染色、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）染色、α-SMA及增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）双染，然后进行图像分析。结果：与对照组比较，模型组中α-SMA^＋肾小管百分数、α-SMA^＋PCNA^＋肾小管上皮细胞（TEC）数、肾间质α-SMA^＋细胞数及肾间质ColⅠ相对阳性面积均显着增加（P〈0．01），其中前二者分别与后二者呈显着正相关（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。在模型组的肾组织中观察到部分α-SMA^＋TEC失去正常形态，其相邻肾小管基底膜断裂，α-SMA^＋TEC出现于裂孔中，正向间质迁移。结论：CAAN人鼠TIC再生时即可发生TIMT，而此7EMT与肾间质纤维化密切相关。     

Myofibrosarcoma of the Upper Jawbones: A Clinicopathologic and Ultrastructural Study of Two Cases

Two problematic spindle cell sarcomas involving upper jawbones in two adult male patients have been studied by histology, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy, and respectively graded as low-grade malignancy and high-grade malignancy. While any single methodological study did not allow confident classification of them into one or other of the classical categories of spindle cell sarcomas (fibrosarcoma versus leiomyosarcoma), the overall contribution from all three methodologiesultimately allowed them to be categorized as sarcomas with myofibroblastic differentiation. Histologically, both tumors had morphological features of an amalgama between neoplastic fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. Immunohistochemically, both tumors expressed reactivity only for muscle specific actin and alpha smooth muscle actin, in addition to vimentin. Ultrastructurally, both tumors, while showing fibroblast-like cytoplasmic features, had a spurious and imperfectly organized cell surface defying convincing classification into any of specific categories (i.e., both appeared in terms of ultrastructure as poorly differentiated sarcoma, the former with low level of smooth muscle differentiation and possibly the presence of some fibronexus component, the latter with no smooth muscle differentiation but with possible evidence of very rare fibronectin fibril). Therefore, on balance, the most tenable diagnosis seemed to us that of a myofibrosarcoma in both cases. This work is presented considering the fact that myofibrosarcoma currently represents a topical theme of debate, and that this is the first report in medical literature concerning with myofibrosarcomas of the head and neck area in adults.     

丹参萃取液在预防良性胆管狭窄中的作用

目的 探讨丹参萃取液在预防良性胆管狭窄中的作用.方法 通过制作犬胆管损伤修复模型,分离及培养原代肌成纤维细胞,并将MBF细胞分为对照组、实验组和空白对照组,MTT法测定丹参萃取液对MBF细胞增殖率的影响;PCR检测TGF-β 1、α-SMA在MBF中的表达.结果 丹参萃取液干预MBF细胞24 h后,对照组MTT-OD值为(0.3696±0.0304),实验组为(0.1801±0.015 20),MBF细胞的MTT-OD值的细胞百分比均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).在丹参萃取液的作用下,对照组TGF- β 1为(1.00±0.18),实验组为(0.36±0.04);对照组α-SMA为(1.00±0.230),实验组为(0.41±0.023); MBF细胞的TGF-β 1、α-SMA基因表达显著下降.结论 丹参萃取液作用于MBF细胞使其细胞增殖率下降及凋亡增强,导致TGF-β 1、α-SMA等炎症因子分泌减少,减轻胆道瘢痕的形成,可用于预防良性胆管狭窄.