硫酸镁治疗毛细支气管炎92例疗效观察

目的观察硫酸镁治疗毛细支气管炎的临床效果。方法选择毛细支气管炎患儿186例,随机分成两组,治疗组92例,对照组94例,两组均给予抗炎、吸氧,维持水电解质酸碱平衡等综合治疗。治疗组在综合治疗的基础上加用25%硫酸镁(0.2～0.4ml/kg/d),每天1次,连用2～4d,比较两组的显效率和总有效率。结果治疗组和对照组显效率分别是45.7%及21.3%,总有效率分别是96.7%及73.4%。两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论硫酸镁治疗毛细支气管炎安全有效,值得临床推广使用。     

CDP-c、硫酸镁联用对大鼠短暂脑缺血的神经保护作用

目的 研究胞二磷胆碱（CDP-c）、硫酸镁联用对大鼠试验性短暂局灶脑缺血的神经保护作用.方法 用大脑中动脉栓塞（MCAO）法制作短暂性（90min）局部脑缺血模型,观察CDP-c、硫酸镁单用及不同剂量联用7d后,Caspase-3阳性细胞数、神经功能缺损及脑梗死体积的变化.结果 和对照组相比,CDP-c、硫酸镁单用及两药联用组脑梗死体积较小,Caspase-3表达细胞数较少,并有统计学意义.两药联用组脑梗死体积均比单用组小,Caspase-3表达细胞数亦较两药单用组少（P＜0.05）.两药联用组相比各项指标均无显著意义（P＞0.05）.结论 CDP-c和硫酸镁单用对试验性短暂脑缺血模型可能具有神经保护作用.CDP-c与硫酸镁合用对短暂性试验性局灶脑缺血的神经保护可能有协同作用,并且可以减少各药的用量.     

血清镁降低与偏头痛的关系探讨

我们用原子吸收光谱法测定了２２例偏头痛间歇期患者、１３例偏头痛发作期患者及２１名正常人的血清镁浓度，发现偏头痛间歇期和发作期患者的血清镁浓度均低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），而偏头痛发作期患者的血清镁浓度比间歇期患者更低（Ｐ＜０．０５）。该结果提示偏头痛患者体内缺镁，而且可能是一个启动因子或促发因素，在偏头痛的发病中起着重要作用。     

The influence of intravenous magnesium sulphate on the occurrence of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery by-pass operation

To examine the influence of (Mg) on hypomagnesaemia and atrialfibrillation (AF) following coronary artery by-pass surgery,140 consecutive patients were randomized to receive 70 mmolof magnesium sulphate intravenously (n = 69) or placebo (n =71). Serum magnesium concentrations fell to 0.77 ± 0.10mmol. l^–1 in the control group but rose to 1.09 ±0.17 mmol. l^–1 in the Mg group (P <0.001). The incidenceof AF was 29% in the Mg group and 26% in the placebo group (NS).The AF patients were older, more of them had had prior AF episodes,their sinus rates (SR) were slower (78 ± 10 vs 86 ±12 beats. Min^–1; P <0.01) and serum Mg concentrationshigher (0.89 ± 0.21 vs 0.11 mmol. ^l–1; P <0.05)The incidence of AF was 43% in the highest quartile of serumMg and 23% among the rest (P = 0.056). In patients experiencingAF during the first three post-operative days, serum Mg concentrationswere higher and SR slower on each day compared with non-AF patients.SR increased post-operatively less with high Mg levels (P =0.044). In the Mg group, serum Mg and SR were the only independentpredictors of AF. In conclusion, the incidence of post-operativeAF is not decreased with magnesium. High Mg levels are likelyto provoke AF probably by mechanisms that modify SR.     

Mg^2＋对离体灌流内皮素的大鼠心脏功能的影响

本实验在离体大鼠心脏灌流模型上,观察到10~(-9)mol/L内皮素灌流引起心肌挛缩,心功能降低,冠脉灌流量减少,以及心肌Ca~(2 )聚积,Mg~(2 )丧失等表现。灌流液含低镁(0.12mmol/L)时内皮素对心脏的上述作用显著增强,而在含高镁(4.8mmol/L)时明显减弱。Mg~(2 )影响内皮素对心脏作用的机制可能与其抑制心肌Ca~(2 )内流有关。实验结果提示避免缺镁,适当补充Mg~(2 )对于防治伴有循环内皮素水平增加的疾病或病理过程中的心脏损伤可能具有临床意义。     

Effects of Na+, K+ and Mg2+ on45Ca2+ uptake by pancreatic islets

Microdissected pancreatic islets of noninbredob/ob-mice were used to study ionic effects on the lanthanum-nondisplaceable⁴⁵Ca²⁺ uptake by islet cells. Omission of Mg²⁺ from the incubation medium had no effect, but the⁴⁵Ca²⁺ uptake was increased by omission of Na⁺ and decreased by omission of K⁺. Excess Mg²⁺ (1.2–15 mM) inhibited and excess K⁺ (4.7–25 mM) stimulated the⁴⁵Ca²⁺ uptake in a concentration-dependent manner. Stimulation of⁴⁵Ca²⁺ uptake in Na⁺-deficient islets was associated with an enhancement of the basal insulin release. Total abolishment of glucose-stimulated⁴⁵Ca²⁺ uptake in K⁺-deficient islets did not preclude a significant secretory response to glucose. It is concluded that the lanthanum-nondisplaceable⁴⁵Ca²⁺ uptake shows a partial correlation to insulin release.     

Urinary factors of kidney stone formation in patients with Crohn's disease

Summary An increased frequency of kidney stone formation is reported in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. In order to investigate its pathogenesis, the concentrations of factors known to enhance calcium oxalate stone formation (oxalate, calcium, uric acid) as well as of inhibitory factors for nephrolithiasis (magnesium, citrate) were determined in the urine of 86 patients with Crohn's disease and compared with those of 53 metabolically healthy controls. Six patients with Crohn's disease already had experienced calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. Patients with Crohn's disease had significantly higher urinary oxalate and lower magnesium and citrate concentrations. Among all patients magnesium and citrate were significantly lower in those with a positive history of kidney stones. Our results demonstrate that the increased propensity for renal stone formation in patients with Crohn's disease is a result not only of increased urinary oxalate, but also of decreased urinary magnesium and citrate concentrations.Abbreviations CDAI Crohn's disease activity index Dedicated to Professor Dr. N. Zöllner on the occasion of his 65th birthday     

不同胎龄母婴间血清前白蛋白与锌、钙、镁水平测定

目的　为检测不同孕周母婴间血清前白蛋白 (PA)与锌、钙、镁的水平及它们之间的关系。方法　采用免疫单项扩散法及原子吸收分光光度计火焰法检测了 4 0对早产与 14 8对健康足月母婴血清前白蛋白及锌钙镁的含量。结果　 4 0对早产与 14 8对健康足月母亲血清PA均显著高于新生儿脐血PA(P <0 0 0 1) ,血清锌显著低于新生儿 (P <0 0 0 1) ,血清钙早产母亲显著高于早产儿 ,足月母亲则显著低于足月儿。血清镁早产及足月母亲均略低于新生儿 (P >0 0 5 )。各孕周母婴间PA、镁无相关性 ,锌、钙呈正相关。 (相关系数分别为早产 0 39、0 33,足月 0 4 1、0 35 ,(P <0 0 1) ,早产儿脐血血清PA显著低于足月儿 (P <0 0 0 1) ,脐血血清锌低于足月儿 (P <0 0 1) ,脐血血清钙低于足月儿 (P >0 0 5 )。各孕周新生儿脐血PA与自身锌、钙、镁相关分析无相关性。结论　检测各孕周母婴PA、锌、钙、镁的含量 ,可以综合评价早产儿、足月儿的营养状况。     

Magnesium restores high K-induced inactivation of the fast Na channel in guinea pig ventricular muscle

The effect of extracellular magnesium concentration (Mg_o) on the upstroke of the action potential was studied in guinea pig ventricular muscle under various K⁺ concentrations (2.7–19mM). Increased Mg_o shifted the steady state inactivation curve of the fast Na channel in the depolarizing direction and this effect was concentration-dependent (0–20mM). Such an effect could explain the Mg-induced increase in maximum rate of rise of the action potential which Späh and Fleckenstein (1979) proposed to be due to a Mg channel.     

The effects of calcium and magnesium on inhibitory junctional transmission in smooth muscle of guinea pig small intestine

Summary The membrane potential of smooth muscle cells in the circular layer of the guinea pig ileum was recorded using intracellular electrodes. Transmural stimulation, in the presence of atropine, caused a transient hyperpolarization, an inhibitory junction potential (IJP). IJP's are thought to result from the action of transmitter released from intramural inhibitory nerves. It has been reported that, in the guinea pig jejunum, the amplitude of the IJP resulting from field stimulation is not altered by changes in the calcium and magnesium ion concentration in the bathing solution. Experiments reported here have shown that the IJP amplitude decreased markedly on reducing the calcium ion concentration and or increasing the magnesium ion concentration. Indirect evidence is presented suggesting that the decrease in amplitude of the IJP is due to a decrease in the amount of transmitter released.