Role of pulsed electromagnetic fields after joint replacements

Although the rate of patients reporting satisfaction is generally high after joint replacement surgery, up to 23% after total hip replacement and 34% after total knee arthroplasty of treated subjects report discomfort or pain 1 year after surgery. Moreover, chronic or subacute inflammation is reported in some cases even a long time after surgery. Another open and debated issue in prosthetic surgery is implant survivorship, especially when related to good prosthesis bone ingrowth. Pulsed Electro Magnetic Fields(PEMFs) treatment, although initially recommended after total joint replacement to promote bone ingrowth and to reduce inflammation and pain, is not currently part of usual clinical practice. The purpose of this review was to analyze existing literature on PEMFs effects in joint replacement surgery and to report results of clinical studies and current indications. We selected all currently available prospective studies or RCT on the use of PEMFs in total joint replacement with the purpose of investigating effects of PEMFs on recovery, pain relief and patients' satisfaction following hip, knee or shoulder arthroplasty. All the studies analyzed reported no adverse effects, and good patient compliance to the treatment. The available literature shows that early control of joint inflammation process in the first days after surgery through the use of PEMFs should be considered an effective completion of the surgical procedure to improve the patient's functional recovery.     

养心定悸胶囊治疗伴长RR间期的心房颤动合并慢性心力衰竭的临床研究

目的观察养心定悸胶囊治疗伴长RR间期的心房颤动合并慢性心力衰竭患者的效果。方法将2016年5月1日—2018年6月1日就诊于河北省人民医院的104例伴长RR间期的心房颤动合并慢性心力衰竭患者随机分为试验组52例和对照组52例,2组均给予改善心功能、稳定心率在内的规范化治疗,试验组在此基础上加服养心定悸胶囊,6粒/次,2次/d。观察2组患者治疗12周后症状、心率、RR间期、心功能[左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左房内径(LAD)、N端前脑钠肽(NT-proBNP)]及心率变异性指标[窦性心率RR间期标准差(SDNN)、RR间期平均值标准差(SDANN)、相邻RR间期差值的均方根(RMSSD)、窦性相邻RR间期之差>50 ms的计数占总RR间期数的百分比(PNN50)]的变化,记录2组不良反应发生情况。结果治疗12周后,试验组和对照组的临床症状总有效率分别为88.5%(46/52)和75.0%(39/52),试验组明显高于对照组(P<0.05);2组患者的24 h总心搏次数、心率及长RR间歇次数均显著少于治疗前,最长间歇时间均显著短于治疗前,且试验组最长间歇时间显著短于对照组,长RR间歇次数显著少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);2组患者的LVEF及均心率变异性各指标显著高于治疗前,LVEDD、LAD及NT-proBNP水平均显著低于治疗前,且试验组的变化都更为显著,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。治疗期间2组患者的不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论养心定悸胶囊辅助治疗可明显改善伴长RR间期的心房颤动合并慢性心力衰竭患者症状,有效稳定心率,缩短长间歇,改善心功能,调节心率变异性,且安全性高。     

后路枕骨髁螺钉技术研究进展

正枕骨、寰椎和枢椎共同构成了枕颈部活动的结构功能单位,即枕颈交界区~([1-2])。炎症、创伤、肿瘤及畸形等因素会导致枕颈交界区失稳,从而引起颈脊髓或神经根的损伤、麻痹及难以忍受的疼痛,甚至危及生命~([3-4])。后路内固定融合技术是治疗枕颈部失稳的重要手段,目前常用术式为枕骨螺钉技术,该技术较钢丝固定技术有更好的生物力学稳定     

Double-balloon enteroscopy for retrieving retained small-bowel video capsule endoscopes: a systematic review

Abstract

Background and aim: Capsule retention is the most common adverse event associated with video capsule endoscopy. The use of double-balloon enteroscopy-assisted capsule endoscope retrieval has been increasingly reported in recent years. However, evidence is limited regarding its success rate, associated factors, and subsequent clinical outcomes.

Methods: A systematic review of relevant studies published before January 2019 was performed. Successful retrieval rate and associated factors, rate of endoscopic balloon dilation, and outcomes after double-balloon enteroscopy were summarized and pooled.

Results: Within 154 associated original articles, 12 including 150 cases of capsule retrieval by double-balloon enteroscopy were included. The estimated pooled successful retrieval rate was 86.5% (95% confidence interval, 75.6–95.1%). Anterograde approach and capsules retained in the jejunum or trapped by malignant strictures were associated with a higher successful retrieval rate than the retrograde approach (62/83 [74.7%] vs. 10/38 [26.3%], p?<?.001) and capsules retained in the ileum (41/41 [100.0%] vs. 43/58 [74.1%], p?<?.001) or trapped by benign strictures (21/21 [100.0%] vs. 65/83 [78.3%], p?=?.043). Endoscopic balloon dilation was performed in 38.8% (95% confidence interval, 22.3–56.3%) of patients with benign strictures. Two perforations (1.3%) were reported as severe adverse events after double-balloon enteroscopy. A significantly lower surgery rate was found among cases with successful video capsule removal compared with unsuccessful cases (7.2% vs. 38.5%, p?=?.002).

Conclusions: Double-balloon enteroscopy is feasible and safe for removing retained video capsule endoscopes, and its use could decrease the need for surgery in patients with benign strictures and facilitate subsequent surgery in patients with malignant strictures.     

CORRELATIONS BETWEEN VIDEO CAPSULE ENDOSCOPIC FINDINGS AND CLINICAL ACTIVITY IN CROHN’S DISEASE

Background and Aims: Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) has become increasingly important as a simple method for observing the entire small intestine. The indications for VCE are obscure gastrointestinal bleeding and investigation of Crohn’s disease (CD). However, the correlation between endoscopic findings obtained by VCE and clinical findings in known cases of CD is not clear, and we therefore investigated this in the present study. Patients and methods: In 30 patients with known CD (Crohn’s disease activity index [CDAI] 0–420; median = 158.3), double contrast enteroclysis (ENT) was performed 1–3 weeks prior to VCE. The relationship between the VCE findings and hematological analysis/CDAI was examined. Results: In 17 of 30 patients, the entire small intestine could be investigated by VCE, whereas in the remaining 13 patients the terminal ileum could not be investigated. The following exhibited positive correlations: total lesions and CDAI (correlation coefficient values: r_s = 0.661, adjusted P < 0.0061), ulcers and C‐reactive protein (CRP) (r_s = 0.607, adjusted P < 0.0061), total lesions and CRP (r_s = 0.604, adjusted P < 0.0061). Conclusions: Analysis with VCE suggests that CDAI and CRP indicate the activity of intestinal lesions in patients with known CD, and that CRP, in particular, is associated with the activity of ulcerative lesions of the intestine. This may contribute to revised guidelines for VCE in the future.     

精神分裂症首次发病患者的磁共振弥散张量显像研究

目的探讨从未用过药的精神分裂症首次发病(以下简称首发)患者的重要白质及部分灰质区的磁共振弥散张量显像(DTI)的特点。方法选取9例首发精神分裂症患者(患者组)及9名年龄、性别、受教育程度与患者组相配对的健康者,应用DTI成像技术检测脑额颞交界处、内囊等白质区和颞中回灰质、中央前回、中央后回等灰质区的各向异性(FA)、表观扩散系数(ADC)及双侧海马体积。结果患者组及对照组组内左右两侧兴趣区FA值及ADC值的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);患者组与对照组各感兴趣区FA值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但患者组颞中回灰质(8.655×10-9)、中央前回(7.816×10-9)、中央后回(7.855×10-9)ADC值高于对照组(分别为7.428×10-9,6.921×10-9,7.013×10-9;P=0.049,0.009,0.005);两组内及组间双侧海马体积比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论首发精神分裂症患者与健康者DTI参数之间没有明显区别。     

HPLC法测定妇康安软胶囊中芍药苷的含量

目的建立妇康安软胶囊中芍药苷的含量测定方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法，色谱柱为ZORBAXSB．C18（250mm×4．6mm，5μm），流动相为甲醇-水（24：76），流速为1．0ml／min，检测波长为230hm，柱温40cc。结果芍药苷线性范围为．0．033—0．330μg，r=0．9999。平均回收率为98．63％，RSD为1．88％。结论本法分离好，快速、简便，可作为该产品的质量控制方法。     

肠胃清胶囊治疗慢性胃炎60例

目的：观察自制中药肠胃清胶囊治疗慢性胃炎的临床效果。方法：根据《中药新药临床研究指导原则》的标准，采用自身前后对比的方法，对临床症状、体征及相关检查从中医两个方面进行治疗前后对比。结果：肠胃清胶囊对慢性胃炎的症状、体征有明显疗效，对胃黏膜镜下病变及组织学变化亦有明显的改善作用。结论：肠胃清胶囊对偏热偏实型慢性胃炎具有明显疗效。临床观察中未发现毒性和不良反应。