Post-retrieval functionality testing of PRECICE lengthening nails: The “Sleeper” nail concept

IntroductionPRECICE intramedullary magnetic lengthening nails, introduced in 2011, have changed the landscape of long bone limb lengthening. The implants have a stroke ranging from 5 to 8 cm, but it may be desirable to perform part of the lengthening at one treatment, allow bone healing, leave the implant in place, dormant, and then return one or more years later to re-lengthen with the same implant. We call this the “sleeper” nail concept. This strategy may be gentler for the joints and soft tissues. Would the nail mechanism still be functional one or more years later?MethodsWe tested 102 intact, consecutively explanted nails. Using a “fast magnet,” the male part was lengthened to 5 mm short of its maximum stroke capacity and retracted back to 35 mm (all nails start with the male part exposed 30 mm). The nails passed the test if the male part succeeded in lengthening to 5 mm short of the maximum stroke capacity and back to 35 mm (or only retract in case fully deployed at testing). During our testing, the nails were prevented from reaching their full capacity of lengthening/retraction to avoid jamming the gears. Failure was defined as the inability or partial ability to complete the process.ResultsEighty-six nails (84.3%) performed successfully according to our testing standard. When comparing successful and failed nails in terms of nail type, generation, diameter, length and in vivo interval, there was no statistical significance. Comparing both groups in terms of status at testing (fully deployed or not) showed statistical significance with 9 of the 16 failed nails fully deployed at testing (p < 0.001).ConclusionDormant PRECICE nails can be reactivated for further lengthening. The results imply that full deployment may damage the mechanism, making future re-use by retracting and then re-lengthening unsuccessful. The candidate nails for this purpose should not have any signs of clear damage (bending or breakage) and should not have been fully deployed. However, surgeons and patients should be aware of the need for possible nail exchange if the “sleeper” nail fails to wake up.Level of evidenceLevel IV case series analysis of retrieved surgical implants.     

顺行交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨骨折

目的探讨顺行交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨骨折的手术要点和治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2003年10月～2005年10月23例顺行肱骨交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干中上段骨折。结果全部病例随访6个月～1年3个月,平均11个月。所有病例均骨性愈合,平均临床愈合时间为2.4个月。所有关节活动度均可。结论顺行交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨中段或中上段骨折,效果良好。     

交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨不稳定性骨折

目的 探讨交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨不稳定骨折的效果。方法 本研究38例中不扩髓法31例,扩髓法7例;闭合穿针33例,开放穿针5例;静力性固定32例,动力性固定6例。结果 平均随访时间10月（3～22月）采用Johner-Wruh评分标准,对治疗的最终结果证定：优31例,良5例,中1例,差1例。骨折平均愈合时间;闭合性骨折16周（11～24周）,开放性骨折18周（12～26周）,2例延迟愈合（闭合性骨折、开放性骨折各1例）。无感染及骨不连。结论 文锁髓内钉是治疗胫骨不稳定骨折的较好方法之一。     

Gamma钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折效果探讨

目的 探讨应用Gamma钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效。方法 应用Gamma钉治疗我院骨科自1997年1月－2000年1月收治疗的各种股骨粗是骨折的患者36例。结果 本组病例经术后平均1年6个月的访,骨折愈合,无1例发生髋内翻、下肢外旋和短缩等畸形,患肢关节功能优良率88.4%,疗效较好。结论 Gamma钉是治疗股骨粗隆间骨折较为理想的方法。     

In vitro evaluation study of the membrane autotransfusion system experimental prototype: MATS-I

Abstract: Membrane Autotransfusion System (MATS) utilizing plasmapheresis technology has been developed in our laboratory. A specially designed polyethylene hollow fiber membrane was utilized. This study was conducted to evaluate performance of the first experimental prototype, MATS-I. The results of this study showed that the MATS-I could concentrate diluted blood at 10% of the initial hematocrit concentration (HCTi) into over 40% after passing through the system at a transmembrane pressure of 70 mm Hg. Moreover, the MATS-I can continuously treat 10,000 ml of diluted blood at various HCTi levels without deteriorating its performances. Even though the MATS-I met all required performances as an autotransfusion system, several areas of improvement of the system were necessary to meet various clinical needs. The next prototype, MATS-II, can be designed based on experiences obtained from the MATS-I. The MATS is smaller, more atraumatic and continuous, and is a faster system when compared to the currently available centrifugal autotransfusion devices.     

大段同种异体骨移植交锁髓内钉内固定修复四肢骨肿瘤切除后骨缺损

目的：探讨四肢骨肿瘤切除后采用大段异体骨移植交锁髓内钉内固定修复骨缺损的疗效。方法：1998年—2003年对18例例患者进行了病灶清除、交锁髓内钉内固定加同种异体骨移植术。结果：术后随访1～50月，2例死亡，其余16例接合区骨质生长良好，无1例骨发生不连接。肩、膝、踝关节活动及肢体负重良好。结论：本手术方法使固定节段具有高度的内在稳定性，可早期进行功能锻炼，防止影响肩、膝、踝关节的负重功能或防止创伤关节炎，适合于四肢骨肿瘤切除后骨缺损的修复。     

Yellow nail syndrome in infancy

Abstract: This report describes an infant with clinical features consistent with the yellow nail syndrome (YNS), a rare autosomal dominant disorder. He presented at birth with congenital lymphoedema and was referred at 6 months of age for investigation of recurrent cough and wheeze. He had clinical and radiological evidence of bilateral pleural effusions and a pericardial effusion. Following a lung biopsy and pericardial window these were shown to be manifestations of his lymphatic abnormality. He also had persisting middle ear effusions causing conductive deafness requiring hearing aids and secondary immunodeficiency requiring regular immunoglobulin infusions.     

恶性肿瘤患者甲床紫晕与舌下络脉变化的对比观察

甲床紫晕指甲半月远侧甲床上的紫色晕带,宽约2mm以上。伴指压反应延迟者,多见于肺癌、肺转移癌、肝癌、全身转移癌等重症肿瘤及肺心病、支气管哮喘及慢性支气管炎等阻塞性肺疾患,辨证均属血瘀证。铸型标本显示甲床有三级血管弓,第一级弓发出直行血管,血流为瀑布样直流,不易瘀滞;第二级弓发出的微血管互相交叉吻合形成网眼,血流变缓,其弓正当甲半月远侧,在气滞血瘀微循环障碍时易形成甲床紫晕。通过与吉下络脉同步观察,认为两者均可作血瘀证体征。     

股骨粗隆间及股骨颈骨折经皮双螺旋加压钉柱角外固定架技术应用

探讨股骨粗隆间及股骨颈骨折经皮双螺旋稳加压钉柱角外固定架技术的应用。针对股骨转子部骨折的特点,利用柱角形外固定架对钢钉的坚强锚固作用,作者设计了经皮双螺旋加压钉柱角外固定架固定技术。经生物力学试验,用该技术固定的骨折标本平均最大抗压能力达到96.8±12.4,基本相同于鹅颈钉固定(P>0.25)。自1998年11月以来采用该技术共治疗股骨转子间骨折及股骨颈骨折151例(53-96岁),有140例经过平均8个月随访,优良131例(93.6%),尚好9例(6.4%)。作者认为该技术通过柱角形外固定架建立稳定的框架结构,可有效的防止髋内翻并实现可靠固定,作为一种创伤轻微的有限手术,有其一定的应用价值。     

交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨干长节段粉碎性骨折

目的：阐明交锁髓内钉内固定治疗胫骨干多节段粉碎性骨折的优越性和手术要点。方法：分析2000年6月-2004年12月26例胫骨干长节段粉碎性骨折使用交锁髓内钉固定的疗效和手术注意事项。手术采用闭合穿钉。有限切开复位．部分钢丝捆绑复位碎骨块．再用瞄准器镇定骨折远、近端。结果：26例均获得随访，随访平均时间16．5个月（6-60个月）。远期疗效按马元璋评定标准：优13例．良10例．可3例．优良率88．5％（23／26）．平均骨临床愈合时间5．5月．一期骨折愈合率达到80．8％（21／26）。仅1例髓内钉发生锁钉断裂。无深部感染、骨髓炎、畸形愈合、骨不连的发生。结论：交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨干长节段粉碎性骨折较钢板有着微刨和更符合胫骨生物力学等优越性。本组骨折愈合率高．并发症少。认为是目前治疗胫骨干长节段粉碎性骨折的首选方法。