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71.
AE Boothroyd BVS Murthy A Darbyshire AJ Petros 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1996,85(12):1422-1425
Objective: Right upper lobe collapse is a common radiographic finding in intubated children. We hypothesized that deep suctioning and uncontrolled negative pressures during endotracheal tube suctioning were significant contributory factors. Methods : The incidence of right upper lobe (RUL) collapse in intubated, ventilated children on a paediatric cardiac intensive care unit was determined over a 3-month period ( n = 102). Graduated suction catheters and suction vacuums of < 165 cm H2 O were then introduced. Another prospective audit was carried out 3 months later ( n = 60). Results : We found that 24% developed RUL collapse and 4 developed an apical pneumothorax. Following the introduction of graduated catheters and controlled vacuums pressures, a significant reduction in the incidence of RUL collapse, to 7%, was observed ( p < 0.05). Conclusions : We conclude that high negative pressure and deep-suctioning causes RUL collapse in children. Any lobar collapse not only prolongs the child's stay in intensive care, but can be associated with further morbidity which may have a serious implication. By improving suctioning technique this morbidity can be significantly reduced. 相似文献
72.
The case of a child whose tracheal tube became obstructed intraoperatively 30 minutes after intubation is reported. It appears
that this obstruction was related to the development of bubbles within the walls which expanded upon exposure to nitrous oxide
and diffusion of that gas into the bubbles. The authors want to point out the risk of gas diffusion into the walls of the
tube and the possibility that repeated sterilization may enhance the development of bubbles.
Les auteurs rapportent l’observation d’un enfant de sept mois dont la sonde tracheale s’est obstruée 30 minutes après l’intubation.
Cette obstruction était due à l’expansion de bulles incluses dans la paroi du tube après exposition au N2O et diffusion de celui-ci à l’interieur des bulles. Ils accusent également la stérilisation répétée de la sonde armée (contre
l’avis du constructeur) d’avoir favorisé le développement de ces inclusions bulleuses. 相似文献
73.
Osamu Sakai Yasuhide Nakayama Yasushi Nemoto Yoshihiro Okamoto Taiji Watanabe Keiichi Kanda Hitoshi Yaku 《Journal of artificial organs》2005,8(2):119-124
A novel sutureless vascular connecting system, an assembly with a delivery rod, an introducing sheath, and a connecting device, was developed for easy implantation of small-caliber vascular grafts less than 2 mm in internal diameter. A microporous stainless tube (length 2 mm, external diameter 1.6 mm, wall thickness 65 µm, pore diameter 400 µm, pore-to-pore distance 500 µm) was designed to serve as a connecting device. The feasibility of the system was tested using two types of preliminary animal experiments. One animal model consisted of graft implantation into the rat abdominal aorta (1.5 mm in diameter). The connecting device was inserted into the proximal and distal ends of the aorta through the introducing sheath by pushing the delivery rod with the connecting device placed over it. Subsequently, the aortic segments were inserted into both ends of model grafts made of segmented polyurethane (1.8 mm in internal diameter) and were fixed with banding silk threads from the exterior. The procedure was completed within 20 min without requiring specialized microsurgery techniques. Blood leakage and obstruction did not occur. The second model consisted of an end-to-end anastomosis between rabbit common carotid arteries (2 mm in diameter), which was performed within several minutes of blood flow interruption. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the luminal surface of the device was fully covered with endothelial cells (ECs) after 1 week as a result of transluminal ingrowth of native ECs through the micropores in the device. This endothelialization may prevent early thrombus-induced occlusion. This simple and “easy-to-learn” technique will promote the development of small-caliber arterial grafts, and furthermore, it may have potential for clinical application. 相似文献
74.
bFGF对胚胎神经干细胞分化为神经元及神经胶质细胞的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
本研究观察了碱性成纤维生长因子对胚胎神经干细胞生长和分化的影响。从孕 12 d大鼠胚胎神经管分离神经干细胞 ,进行体外培养 ,分为碱性成纤维生长因子组及对照组。培养过程中观察神经干细胞的生长 ,于培养第 3、5、10 d用免疫组化方法检测培养细胞神经元特异烯醇化酶和胶质纤维酸性蛋白的表达 ,以观察神经干细胞分化为神经元及神经胶质细胞的状况。碱性成纤维生长因子可明显地促进培养细胞的生长和分化。免疫组化细胞计数显示 ,培养第 3 d,特异烯醇化酶、胶质纤维酸性蛋白阳性细胞数均明显增加 ;培养第 5 d,特异烯醇化酶阳性细胞数是对照组的 1.9倍 ,胶质纤维酸性蛋白阳性细胞数为对照组的 1.6倍 ,前者表达增加明显 ;培养第 10 d,两者的阳性细胞数仍高于对照组 ,但增加不明显。不同培养时间的胞体最长突起长度也均高于对照组 ;胞体直径及表面积随培养时间延长而增大。说明 ,碱性成纤维生长因子既能促进胚胎神经干细胞的生长 ,也可促使其分化为神经元及神经胶质细胞 ,尤以神经元为明显 相似文献
75.
76.
Helga V. Toriello James V. Higgins John M. Opitz 《American journal of medical genetics. Part A》1983,15(4):601-606
Data on the occurrence of neural tube defects in first-, second-, and third-degree relatives of probands were collected in a United States study. The proportions of affected individuals were 3.2%, 0.5%, and 0.17% respectively. These findings are compared to those from other recent North American studies, and differences are discussed. It is pointed out that accurate recurrence risk figures may not be available, and that caution should be used when counseling families with relatives who are affected with NTD. 相似文献
77.
Parle-McDermott A Mills JL Kirke PN O'Leary VB Swanson DA Pangilinan F Conley M Molloy AM Cox C Scott JM Brody LC 《Journal of human genetics》2003,48(4):190-193
The thermolabile variant (677TT) of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a known risk factor for neural tube defects
(NTDs). The relationship between a second MTHFR polymorphism (1298A→C) and NTD risk has been inconsistent between studies.
We genotyped 276 complete NTD triads (mother, father and child affected with an NTD) and 256 controls for MTHFR 1298A→C. Our
findings do not support a role for the 1298A→C polymorphism in NTDs (OR 0.85 (95% CI 0.49–1.47), p= 0.55), nor do we observe a combined effect with the 677C→T polymorphism.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
78.
A feasibility study was made to examine whether pressure measurements can be used to diagnose vascular obstructions in blood vessels. Distortion of a pressure wave due to an obstruction in an elastic tube was investigated theoretically and experimentally. Linear theory and the method of characteristics were employed in developing mathematical expressions for the distortion of the pressure wave. The quality of the models developed was examined by performing experiments on a latex tube with rigid obstructions. A nonlinear model using the method of characteristics was in good agreement with the experiment data for obstructions with any severity, while a linear model was applicable to small obstructions. The nonlinear model is proposed as a mathematical model for the detection of vascular obstructions by analysing pressure waves. 相似文献
79.
An intimate arrangement between the utero-ovarian vein and the ovarian artery has been found in many species. The anatomical structure suggests the existence of a counter-current system of exchange, and many animal experiments point to a physiological importance of this transfer system. In man, the utero-ovarian vein forms a plexus around the ovarian artery. In-vitro experiments have demonstrated a local transfer of progesterone; in-vivo experiments have proved that krypton and progesterone can be transferred from the utero-ovarian vein to the ovarian artery. The physiological and pharmacological importance of the counter-current system is still under evaluation, and further investigations are needed. It has been suggested that counter-current transfer facilitates local communication between the ovary, Fallopian tube, and uterus. This may be important in a context of luteolysis, follicular selection and maturation, fertilization, and the recognition and maintenance of pregnancy. The pharmacological and therapeutic potential may be limited, as the ovarian adnexa are relatively difficult to access. Instillation of hormones into the uterine lumen will probably induce a higher plasma concentration in the ovarian arterial blood than in peripheral arterial plasma. A culdoscopic or endoscopic approach might permit introduction of long-acting depots in the uterine fundus near the Fallopian tubes and/or ovaries. 相似文献
80.
Atsushi Ohashi PhD Hirohisa Kotera BS Hideo Hori BS Makoto Hibiya PhD Koji Watanabe MD PhD Kazutaka Murakami MD PhD Midori Hasegawa MD PhD Makoto Tomita MD PhD Yoshinobu Hiki MD PhD Satoshi Sugiyama MD PhD 《Journal of artificial organs》2005,8(4):252-256
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubing is an indispensable medical material for extracorporeal circulation therapy. However, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
(DEHP), a suspected endocrine disruptor, can be eluted from PVC, suggesting that an alternative material that does not contain
DEHP is needed for clinical applications. First, we evaluated the endocrine disrupting risks of the plasticizers contained
in PVC tubes by investigating their binding affinities for the human estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). Our results revealed that,
while DEHP has some binding affinity for ERα, neither epoxidized soybean oil nor tris(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate (an alternative
to DEHP) has any affinity for ERα. Second, we evaluated the endocrine disrupting risks of a tube made of newly developed plasticizer-free
(PF) materials. We confirmed the presence of DEHP and detected several unidentified substances in plasma stored within the
PVC tube. This plasma's competitive binding affinity for ERα was significantly higher than that of control plasma (P < 0.01). In contrast, the profile of plasma stored in the PF tube was similar to that of the control, both in terms of high-performance
liquid chromatography chromatograms and competitive binding capacity for ERα, suggesting that the PF tube is biocompatible
and is useful for reducing the elution of substances capable of binding to ERα.
Presented in part at the 42nd Congress of the Japanese Society for Artificial Organs, October 5–7, 2004, Tokyo, Japan 相似文献